2nd Edition
The Triple Helix University–Industry–Government Innovation and Entrepreneurship
The triple helix of university–industry–government interactions is a universal model for the development of the knowledge-based society, through innovation and entrepreneurship. It draws from the innovative practice of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) with industry and government in inventing a regional renewal strategy in early 20th-century New England. Parallel experiences were identified in “Silicon Valley,” where Stanford University works together with industry and government. Triple helix is identified as the secret of such innovative regions. It may also be found in statist or laissez-faire societies, globally.
The triple helix focuses on “innovation in innovation” and the dynamic to foster an innovation ecosystem, through various hybrid organizations, such as technology transfer offices, venture capital firms, incubators, accelerators, and science parks.
This second edition develops the practical and policy implications of the triple helix model with case studies exemplifying the meta-theory, including:
• how to make an innovative region through the triple helix approach;
• balancing development and sustainability by “triple helix twins";
• triple helix matrix to analyze regional innovation globally; and
• case studies on the Stanford's StartX accelerator; the Ashland, Oregon Theater Arts Clusters; and Linyi regional innovation in China.
The Triple Helix as a universal innovation model can assist students, researchers, managers, entrepreneurs, and policymakers to understand the roles of university, industry, and government in forming and developing “an innovative region,” which has self-renewal and sustainable innovative capacity.
Introduction: triple helix: a universal innovation model? Part I: The triple helix concept 1. A universal triple helix: Silicon Valley's secret 2. Triple helix in Civil Society 3. The entrepreneurial university in a triple helix 4. The firm in a triple helix 5. The optimum role of government Part II: The triple helix innovation model 6. Triple helix region 7. The incubation of innovation 8. Triple helix technopolis 9. Venture capital in the triple helix 10. Triple helix twins: balancing development and sustainability 11. Triple helix matrix Part III: Case studies 12. The triple helix in Silicon Valley 13. StartX: filling the gap in Stanford University's entrepreneurial development 14. A teaching university's civic entrepreneurship: Ashland Oregon theater cluster and renaissance as a humanities town 15. Innovation in innovation: an endless transition toward the triple helix
Biography
Henry Etzkowitz is Visiting Lecturer of Science, Technology and Society, Stanford University, USA; Visiting Professor, Birkbeck, University of London, UK; CEO/President, International Triple Helix Institute (ITHI), Palo Alto, California, USA; President, Triple Helix Association (THA), Rome, Italy; and Distinguished Expert, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan, China.
Chunyan Zhou is Director of International Triple Helix Institute (ITHI, www.triplehelix.net), USA; leading researcher, Institute of Science and Technology for Development of Shandong, and co-director, Innovation and Entrepreneurship Research Center, Academy of Science, Jinan, China.
This book is a crowning achievement by an undisputed maestro of innovation studies. It is as rigorous as it is inspirational. The book is an indispensable resource for academics, students, and policy makers.
Calestous Juma, Professor of the Practice of International Development, Harvard Kennedy School, USA
Since the triple helix concept was introduced in the early 1990s, it has received considerable international recognition. Few recent models demonstrate such an impact on theory and practice in the fields of tech transfer and regional development. The new book gives the reader unique insights into the triple helix concept, both its origin and further development as well as ideas for future helixes.
Magnus Klofsten, Professor of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Linköping University, Sweden
The triple helix framework has emerged around the seminal role played by entrepreneurial universities. It has inspired policies across the globe, but is it sufficient to meet new global challenges like idle brainpower and underutilized financial capital? Attention now shifts to possible roles of governments in innovation – from (failed) European austerity policies to China’s R&D spending and investments in knowledge infrastructures. This books conveys the confidence that the dynamics of the triple helix framework is such that it can even push innovation to innovate.
Helga Nowotny, Professor Emerita, ETH Zurich and Former President of the European Research Council, Switzerland
The powerful idea of the "triple helix" has been inspiring universities to become more entrepreneurial, firms to make their boundaries more porous, and governments to establish innovation-friendly environments. The new expanded edition of The Triple Helix provides an accurate and colorful insight into the dynamics of knowledge-based societies and reinforces a mainstay of the conceptual structure that supports the contemporary development policies of nations and regions.
Guilherme Ary Plonski, Deputy Director of the Institute of Advanced Studies, University of São Paulo, Brazil
