Although prominent—some would argue pre-eminent—within the modern political lexicon, the concept of ‘security’ is complex and contested. While the meaning and reference point of security was once largely taken for granted within International Relations, the past thirty years or so have witnessed the growth of a range of approaches that refuse to take this concept and its application as self-evident. Instead, serious scholarship, often grouped under the rubric of ‘Critical Security Studies’, has sought to question and critique dominant conceptions of security, to introduce new theoretical approaches to the assessment of security discourses and practices, and to expand the range of issues considered within security analysis. This new four-volume collection from Routledge provides a timely anthology of the subdiscipline’s best and most influential scholarship to help users make sense of a now dizzyingly large body of literature and a continuing explosion in research output.
Bringing together these major works in one easy-to-use reference resource, the collection illuminates the sometimes complex debates within and between different critical approaches to security, where even the meaning, form, and function of critique is itself contested. And, rather than attempting to impose a unitary or monolithic understanding of Critical Security Studies, the collection editors have instead captured the diversity and vibrancy of critical research on security by grouping the gathered materials into four interrelated themes: defining, deepening, broadening, and extending security.
Volume I (‘Defining Security’), collects a variety of critical perspectives on the meaning of the concept of security. Volume II (‘Broadening Security’), meanwhile, presents arguments for and against the ‘broadening’ of security to include issues such as environmental degradation, migration, and health. The third volume (‘Deepening Security’) in the collection gathers assessments of the appropriate point of reference for security that range from the individual to the global level, while Volume IV (‘Extending Security’) brings together materials that have sought to extend existing critical approaches, and to expand further the disciplinary boundaries of Security Studies.
The collection is fully indexed and includes a comprehensive introduction that places the collected material in its historical and intellectual context. It is destined to be valued by students, teachers, and researchers of Security Studies—as well as those working in contiguous fields—as a vital and unique resource.
Volume I: Defining Security
The Concept of Security
1. A. Wolfers, ‘"National Security" as an Ambiguous Symbol’, Political Science Quarterly, 1952, 67, 4, 481–502.
2. D. Baldwin, ‘The Concept of Security’, Review of International Studies, 1997, 23, 5–26.
3. J. Huysmans, ‘Security! What Do You Mean?’, European Journal of International Relations, 1998, 4, 226–55.
The Evolution of Critical Security Studies
4. K. Krause and M. Williams, ‘From Strategy to Security: Foundations of Critical Security Studies’, in Krause and Williams (eds.), Critical Security Studies: Concepts and Cases (UCL Press, 1997), pp. 33–60.
5. S. Smith, ‘The Increasing Insecurity of Security Studies: Conceptualising Security in the Last Twenty Years’, in Stuart Croft and Terry Terrif (eds.), Critical Reflections on Security and Change (Frank Cass, 2000), pp. 72–100.
6. B. Buzan and L. Hansen, ‘Defining International Security Studies’, The Evolution of International Security Studies (Cambridge University Press, 2009), pp. 8–20.
Securitization Theory
7. O. Waever, ‘Securitization and Desecuritization’, in R. Lipschutz (ed.), On Security (Columbia University Press, 1995).
8. B. Barry, O. Waever, and J. de Wilde, ‘Security Analysis: Conceptual Apparatus’, Security: A New Framework for Analysis (Lynne Rienner, 1998), pp. 21–48.
9. M. Williams, ‘Words, Images, Enemies: Securitisation and International Politics’, International Studies Quarterly, 2003, 47, 511–31.
Critical Theory
10. K. Booth, ‘Security and Emancipation’, Review of International Studies, 1991, 17, 4, 313–26.
11. R. Wyn Jones, ‘Theory: Reconceptualizing Security’, Security, Strategy and Critical Theory (Lynne Rienner, 1999).
12. K. Krause, ‘Critical Theory and Security Studies’, Cooperation and Conflict, 1998, 33, 3, 298–333.
Feminist and Gender Approaches
13. V. Spike Peterson, ‘Security and Sovereign States: What is at Stake in Taking Feminism Seriously?’, in V. Spike Peterson (ed.), Gendered States: Feminist (Re)Visions of International Relations Theory (Lynne Rienner, 1992), pp. 31–64.
14. J. Ann Tickner, ‘Gendered Dimensions of War, Peace, and Security’, Gendering World Politics (Columbia University Press, 2001), pp. 46–64.
15. L. J. Shepherd, ‘"Victims, Perpetrators and Actors" Revisited: Exploring the Potential for a Feminist Reconceptualisation of (International) Security and (Gender) Violence’, British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 2007, 9, 2, 239–56.
Postcolonial Perspectives
16. M. Ayoob, ‘Defining Security: A Subaltern Realist Perspective’, in K. Krause and M. Williams (eds.), Critical Security Studies: Concepts and Cases (UCL Press, 1997), pp. 121–46.
17. T. Barkawi and M. Laffey, ‘The Postcolonial Moment in Security Studies’, Review of International Studies, 2006, 32, 329–52.
18. I. Mgbeoji, , ‘The Civilised Self and the Barbaric Other: Imperial Delusions of Order and the Challenges of Human Security’, Third World Quarterly, 2006, 27, 5, 855–69.
Poststructuralism
19. J. Der Derian, ‘The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche and Baudrillard’, in D. Campbell and M. Dillon (eds.), The Political Subject of Violence (Manchester University Press, 1993), pp. 94–113.
20. David Campbell, ‘On Dangers and Their Interpretation’, Writing Security: United States Foreign Policy and the Politics of Identity (Manchester University Press, 1998), pp. 1–14.
Volume II: Broadening Security
Development and Security
21. M. Pugh, ‘The Political Economy of Peacebuilding: A Critical Theory Perspective’, International Journal of Peace Studies, 2005, 10, 23–42.
22. M. Duffield, ‘Getting Savages to Fight Barbarians: Development, Security, and the Colonial Present’, Conflict, Security, and Development, 2005, 5, 141–59.
Environmental Degradation
23. D. Deudney, ‘The Case Against Linking Environmental Degradation and National Security’, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 1990, 19, 461–76.
24. H. Dyer, ‘Environmental Security and International Relations: The Case for Enclosure’, Review of International Studies, 2001, 27, 3, 441–50.
Gender and Conflict
25. L. Hansen, ‘Gender, Nation, Rape: Bosnia and the Construction of Security’, International Feminist Journal of Politics, 2001, 3, 1, 55–75.
26. L. Shepherd, ‘Loud Voices Behind the Wall: Gendered Violence and the Violent Reproduction of the International’, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 2006, 34, 2, 377–401.
27. V. Pin-Fat and M. Stern, ‘The Scripting of Private Jessica Lynch: Biopolitics, Gender, and the "Feminization" of the US Military’, Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, 2005, 30, 25–53.
Migration
28. R. L. Doty, ‘Immigration and Politics of Security’, Security Studies, 1998, 8, 2, 71–93.
29. J. Huysmans, ‘The EU and the Securitization of Migration’, Journal of Common Market Studies, 2000, 38, 751–77.
30. E. Guild, ‘Understanding Security and Migration in the Twenty First Century’, Security and Migration in the 21st Century (Polity, 2009), pp. 1–28.
Health
31. C. Thomas, ‘Trade Policy and the Politics of Access to Drugs’, Third World Quarterly, 2002, 23, 2, 251–64.
32. S. Elbe, ‘AIDS, Security, Biopolitics’, International Relations, 2005, 19, 403–19.
33. C. McInnes and K. Lee, ‘Beyond Bugs and Bio-Terror: Health, Security, and Foreign Policy’, Review of International Studies, 2006, 32, 1, 5–23.
Poverty
34. A. Escobar, ‘The Problematization of Poverty: The Tale of Three Worlds and Development’, Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World (Princeton University Press, 1995), pp. 21–54.
35. P. Wilkin, ‘Global Poverty and Orthodox Security’, Third World Quarterly, 2002, 23, 4, 633–45.
36. C. Thomas and P. Wilkin, ‘Still Waiting After All These Years: The Third World on the Periphery of International Relations’, British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 2004, 6, 2, 241–58.
Volume III: Deepening Security
Human Security
37. N. Thomas and W. T. Tow, ‘The Utility of Human Security: Sovereignty and Humanitarian Intervention’, Security Dialogue, 2002, 33, 2, 177–92.
38. A. Bellamy and M. McDonald, ‘The Utility of Human Security: Which Humans? What Security? A Reply to Thomas and Tow’, Security Dialogue, 2002, 33, 3, 373–7.
39. P. H. Liotta, ‘Boomerang Effect: The Convergence of National and Human Security’, Security Dialogue, 2002, 33, 4, 473–88.
40. K. Grayson, ‘Securitization and the Boomerang Debate: A Rejoinder to Liotta and Smith-Windsor’, Security Dialogue, 2003, 34, 337–43.
Security and Emancipation
41. K. Booth, ‘Deepening, Broadening, Reconstructing’, Theory of World Security (Cambridge University Press, 2007), pp. 149–81.
42. R. Wyn Jones, ‘On Emancipation, Necessity, Capacity and Concrete Utopias’, in K. Booth (ed.), Critical Security Studies and World Politics (Lynne Rienner, 2005).
43. M. Neufeld, ‘Pitfalls of Emancipation and Discourses of Security’, International Relations, 2004, 18, 1, 109–23.
44. C. Aradau, ‘Security and the Democratic Scene: Desecuritization and Emancipation’, Journal of International Relations and Development, 2004, 7, 388–413.
Societal Security
45. B. McSweeney, ‘Identity and Security: Buzan and the Copenhagen School’, Review of International Studies, 1996, 22, 81–94.
46. B. Buzan and O. Waever, ‘Slippery? Contradictory? Sociologically Untenable? The Copenhagen School Replies’, Review of International Studies, 1997, 23, 241–50.
47. P. Bilgin, ‘Individual and Societal Dimensions of Security’, International Studies Review, 2003, 5, 202–22.
48. P. Roe, ‘Securitization and Minority Rights: Conditions of Desecuritization’, Security Dialogue, 2004, 35, 279–94.
Engendering Security
49. Carol Cohn, ‘Sex and Death in the Rational World of Defence Intellectuals’, Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 1987, 12, 4, 687–718.
50. L. Hansen, ‘The Little Mermaid’s Silent Security Dilemma and the Absence of Gender in the Copenhagen School’, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 2000, 29, 285–306.
51. G. Hoogensen and S. V. Rottem, ‘Gender, Identity and the Subject of Security’, Security Dialogue, 2004, 35, 2, 155–71.
52. Brandon Hamber et al., ‘Discourses in Transition: Re-Imagining Women’s Security’, International Relations, 2006, 28, 487–502.
Ecological Perspectives
53. K. Litfin, ‘Constructing Environmental Security and Ecological Interdependence’, Global Governance, 1999, 5, 359–77.
54. J. Barnett, ‘Environmental Security for People’, The Meaning of Environmental Security: Ecological Politics and Policy in the New Security Era (Zed Books, 2001), pp. 122–36.
55. S. Dalby, ‘Ecology, Security and Change in the Anthropocene’, Brown Journal of World Affairs, 2007, 13, 155–64.
Volume IV: Extending Security
What is ‘Critical’ About Critical Security Studies?
56. C.A.S.E. Collective, ‘Critical Approaches to Security in Europe: A Networked Manifesto’, Security Dialogue, 2006, 37, 4, 443–87.
57. R. B. J. Walker, ‘Security, Critique, Europe’, Security Dialogue, 2007, 38, 95–103.
58. Andreas Behnke, ‘Presence and Creation: A Few (Meta-)Critical Comments on the C.A.S.E. Manifesto’, Security Dialogue, 2007, 38, 105–11.
59. M. B. Salter, ‘On Exactitude in Disciplinary Science: A Response to the Network Manifesto’, Security Dialogue, 2007, 38, 113–22.
60. C.A.S.E. Collective, ‘Europe, Knowledge, Politics—Engaging with the Limits: The C.A.S.E. Collective Responds’, Security Dialogue, 2007, 38, 559–76.
61. R. Van Munster, ‘Security on a Shoestring: A Hitchhiker’s Guide to Critical Schools of Security in Europe’, Cooperation and Conflict, 2007, 42, 2, 235–43.
International Political Sociology
62. C. Aradau and R. van Munster, ‘Governing Terrorism Through Risk: Taking Precautions, (Un)knowing the Future’, European Journal of International Relations, 2007, 13, 1, 89–115.
63. M. B. Salter, ‘Governmentalities of an Airport: Heterotopia and Confession’, International Political Sociology, 2007, 1, 1, 49–67.
64. D. Bigo, ‘Globalised (In)Security: The Field and the Ban-Opticon’, in D. Bigo and A. Tsoukala (eds.), Terror, Insecurity, and Liberty: Illiberal Practices of Liberal Regimes after 9/11 (Routledge, 2008).
65. R. Abrahamsen and M. C. Williams, , ‘Security Beyond the State: Global Security Assemblages in International Politics’, International Political Sociology, 2009, 3, 1, 1–17.
Political Geography
66. W. Walters, ‘Mapping Schengenland: Denaturalizing the Border’, Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 2002, 20, 561–80.
67. C. Browning and M. Joenniemi, ‘Geostrategies of the European Neighbourhood Policy’, European Journal of International Relations, 2008, 14, 3, 519–52.
68. L. Amoore, ‘Biometric Borders: Governing Mobilities in the War on Terror’, Political Geography, 2006, 25, 336–51.
69. L. Bialasiewicz, D. Campbell, S. Elden, S. Graham, and A. J. Williams, ‘Performing Security: The Imaginative Geographies of Current US Strategy’, Political Geography, 2007, 26, 4, 405–22.
Biopolitics
70. M. Dillon and L. Lobo-Guerrero, ‘The Biopolitics of Security in the 21st Century’, Review of International Studies, 2008, 32, 2, 265–92.
71. N. Vaughan-Williams, ‘The Generalised Biopolitical Border? Reconceptualising the Limits of Sovereign Power’, Review of International Studies, 2009, 35, 729–49.
72. C. Masters, ‘Femina Sacra: The War on/of Terror’, Women, and the Feminine’, Security Dialogue, 2009, 40, 1, 29–49.
73. F. Lentzos and N. Rose, ‘Governing Insecurity: Contingency Planning, Protection, Resilience’, Economy and Society, 2009, 38, 2, 230–54.
Ethics and Security
74. M. Zehfuss, ‘Forget September 11’, Third World Quarterly, 2003, 24, 3, 513–28.
75. J. Edkins, ‘Humanitarianism, Humanity, Human’, Journal of Human Rights, 2003, 2, 2, 253–8.
76. D. Bulley, ‘The Politics of Ethical Foreign Policy: A Responsibility to Protect Whom?’, European Journal of International Relations, 2010, 16, 3, 441–61.
77. A. Burke, ‘Just War or Ethical Peace? Morality and Strategic Violence after 9/11’, Beyond Security, Violence, and Ethics: War Against the Other (Routledge, 2007), pp. 139–66.
78. C. Peoples, ‘Security after Emancipation’, Review of International Studies, 2011, 37, 3, 1113–35.
