Biodegradable and Sustainable Fibres

Introduction, R S Blackburn

MICROBIAL PROCESSES IN THE DEGRADATION OF FIBERS, P.M. Fedorak

Introduction

Background and Terminology

Incubation Conditions Used for Studying Biodegradation of Fibers and Films

Sources of Microorganisms and Enzymes for Laboratory Incubations

Analytical Methods Used to Assess Biodegradation of Fibers and Films

Examples of Types of Bonds that are Susceptible to Enzymatic attack

Future trends

BAST FIBRES (FLAX, HEMP, JUTE, RAMIE, KENAF, ABACA), R. Kozlowski, P. Baraniecki and J. Barriga-Bedoya

Introduction

Flax

Hemp

Jute

Ramie

Kenaf

Abaca

Comparison of Fibre Properties

References

ALGINATE FIBRES, P.J. Brown and J.M. Muri

Introduction

The Chemical Nature of Alginate Materials

Physical Properties of Alginate Based Materials

Industrial Applications of Alginates

Fabrication of Alginates as Useful Flexible Substrates in Medical Textile Based Products

Alginates in Bioengineering

CELLULOSIC FIBRES AND FABRIC PROCESSING, D. Ciechañska and P Nousiainen

Introduction

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

The Mechanisms of Enzymatic Reactions on Wood and Cellulose

Biodegradability of Cellulose Fibres in Textile Blends

Biotechnology for Manufacture and Modification of Cellulosic Fibres

Enzyme Applications in Fabric and Dyestuff Processing

Hygienic and Medical Fibres

Future Trends of Cellulosic Fibres

LYOCELL FIBRES, P. White MBE, M. Hayhurst, J. Taylor and A. Slater

Introduction

Process Description

Lyocell Sustainability

Lyocell Fibre Properties

Lyocell in Textiles

Lyocell - A Versatile, High Performance Fibre for Nonwovens

Marketing

The Future

POLYLACTIC ACID FIBRES, D. Farrington and R.S. Blackburn

Introduction

Chemistry and Manufacture of PLA Polymer Resin

PLA Fibre Properties

Applications

Environmental Sustainability

PLA Fibres and the Future

POLY(HYDROXYALKANOATES) AND POLY(CAPROLACTANE), I. Chodák and R.S. Blackburn

Introduction

PHA-Based Oriented Structures

Poly(caprolactone)-Based Fibres

Structure of Drawn Fibers

Thermal Properties

Enzymatic and Hydrolytic Degradation

Other Biodegradable and Sustainable Polyesters

Application of Polyester-Based Biodegradable Fibres

Future Trends and Concluding Remarks

THE ROUTE TO SYNTHETIC SILKS, F. Vollrath and A. Sponner

Introduction

Silk Structures

Development of Fibre: The Feedstock

Development of Fibre: Spinning

Performance Characteristics

Applications

Future Trends

BIODEGRADABLE NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES, A.N. Netravali

Introduction

Biodegradable fibers

Biodegradable resins

Soy protein based green composites

Conclusion and future trends

BIODEGRADABLE NONWOVENS, G. Bhat and H. Rong

Introduction

Nonwoven Fabrics

Fiber Consumption in Nonwovens

Web Formation Methods

Web Bonding Techniques

Technology and Relative Production Rate

Recent Research on Biodegradable Nonwovens

Applications of Biodegradable Nonwovens

Flushable Nonwovens

Leading Producers of Nonwovens

NATURAL GEOTEXTILES, C. Lawrence and B. Collier

Introduction

Fundamental Aspects of Geotextiles

Fibres Used for Natural Geotextile Products

Fibre Extraction and Preparation

Production of Natural Geotextile Products

Measurement of the Properties of Natural Geotextiles

CONVERSION OF CELLULOSE, CHITIN AND CHITOSAN TO FILAMENTS WITH SIMPLE SALT SOLUTIONS, H.S. Whang, N. Aminuddin, M. Frey, S.M. Hudson, and J.A. Cuculo

Introduction

Cellulose in Liquid Ammonia/Ammonium Thiocyanate Solutions

Fibers from Chitin and Chitosan

Future Trends

SOYA BEAN PROTEIN FIBRES - PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE, M.M. Brooks

Introduction

The Soya Bean Plant

Naming Regenerated Protein Fibres

The Need for New Fibre Sources

Generalised Method for Producing Soya Bean Fibre in the Mid-Twentieth Century

Contemporary Research into Alternative Protein Fibre Fources

Contemporary Methods for Producing Fibres from Soya Bean Protein

Fibre Characteristics

Identifying Soya Bean Protein Fibres

Degradation Behaviour

A Truly Biodegradable and Ecological Fibre?

Conclusion