.container,.footer{width:100%}
.wrapper,.footer,.footer .promo,.footer .sitemap{overflow:hidden;zoom:1}
.nav-plinks .cwbutton { display: none; visibility: hidden; }
/*---------------OLP (online learning pack) Styles-------------*/
#olpnew{position:relative;background:url(http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/globalImages/olp.png) no-repeat scroll;height:131px;width:500px;margin:20px 0}
#olpnewblack{position:relative;background:url(http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/globalImages/olp-black.png) no-repeat scroll;height:131px;width:500px;margin:20px 0}
#olpnew h3,#olpnewblack h3{text-indent:-10000px;background:none}
#olpnew a.commoncart,#olpnewblack a.commoncart{height:29px;left:368px;position:absolute;text-indent:-10000px;top:27px;width:85px}
#olpnew a.scorm,#olpnewblack a.scorm{height:29px;left:368px;position:absolute;text-indent:-10000px;top:71px;width:85px}
#olpnew a.olpmoreinfo,#olpnewblack a.olpmoreinfo{position:absolute;top:90px;width:83px;height:25px;left:233px;text-indent:-10000px}


/*--------------Layout------------------*/

html { font-size: 62.5%; } 

body { 
	color:#111;
	background: #BCCBD2 url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/white_wall.png") repeat;
	font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
	font-size: 14px; font-size: 1.4rem;
 }

body#home .nav-main li a#homenav,						/* Highlights the current page menu - add more pages and IDs */
body#students .nav-main li a#studentnav,				/* The IDs should correspond to the navigation HTML */
body.s1 .nav-main li a#studentnav,
body#instructors .nav-main li a#instructornav,
body#feedback .nav-main li a#feedbacknav {
	font-weight:bold;
	color: #fff;
	text-decoration:underline;
} 

/* To stop the items in the student dropdown menu taking on the same current effects */
body.s1 .nav-main li li a#studentnav {
	font-weight:normal !important;
	text-decoration:none !important;
} 

#top {
	width:1100px;
	margin-left:auto;
	margin-right:auto;
	background:#fff url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/purty_wood.png") repeat;
	padding-bottom: 25px;
    padding-top: 25px;
	-webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 20px 2px #000000;
	box-shadow: 0px 0px 20px 2px #000000; 
	border-color: #D3BA96 #604B2E #604B2E #D3BA96;
    border-style: solid;
    border-width: 1px;
	
}

#container {
	width:1050px;
	background:#fff url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/cork.jpg") repeat;
	margin-left:auto;
	margin-right:auto;
	border-left:1px solid #4D648E;
	border-right:1px solid #4D648E;
	 -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 5px 1px #000000;
	box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 5px 1px #000000;

}

#header {
	width:1050px;
	margin-left:auto;
	margin-right:auto;
}

#header #logo {
    background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/header.png") no-repeat center top transparent;
    height: 300px;
    padding-bottom: 0px;
    text-indent: -5000px;
}

#main {
	margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    width: 976px;
}


#footer {
	width: 890px;
	padding: 40px 35px;
	margin-left:auto;
	margin-right:auto;
	font-size: 11px; font-size: 1.1rem;
}

#footer .wrapper .bar .pane {
	width:50%;
	float:left;
}

#instructors #footer {
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    padding-bottom: 40px;
    padding-left: 20px;
    padding-right: 0;
    width: 940px;
}

.footernav {
	font-size: 10px !important; font-size: 1.0rem !important;
}

#instructors #footer .c16 {
	width:520px;
}

#instructors #footer .c8 {
	width:400px;
}


/*--------------Navigation------------------*/

.nav-main {
 	background: none repeat scroll 0 0 transparent;
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    height: 100px;
    padding: 0;
    width: 1050px;
	position: absolute;
	top:225px;
}

.nav-main ul{
	padding: 0;	
}

.nav-main a.link1 { 
	position:relative;
	top:0;
	left:0;
	text-indent: -9999px;
	overflow:hidden;
	width: 100px; 
	height:100px;
}

.nav-main li.nav1:hover{ 
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav1hover.png") no-repeat;
}

.nav-main li.nav1{
	width:100px;
	height:100px;	
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav1.png") no-repeat;	
}

.nav-main a.link2 { 
	position:relative;
	top:0;
	left:0;
	text-indent: -9999px;
	overflow:hidden;
	width: 153px; 
	height:100px;
}

.nav-main li.nav2:hover{ 
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav2hover.png") no-repeat;
}

.nav-main li.nav2{
	width:153px;
	height:100px;	
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav2.png") no-repeat;	
}

.nav-main a.link3 { 
	position:relative;
	top:0;
	left:0;
	text-indent: -9999px;
	overflow:hidden;
	width: 215px; 
	height:100px;
}

.nav-main li.nav3:hover{ 
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav3hover.png") no-repeat;
}

.nav-main li.nav3{
	width:215px;
	height:100px;	
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav3.png") no-repeat;	
}

.nav-main a.link4 { 
	position:relative;
	top:0;
	left:0;
	text-indent: -9999px;
	overflow:hidden;
	width: 190px; 
	height:100px;
}

.nav-main li.nav4:hover{ 
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav4hover.png") no-repeat;
}

.nav-main li.nav4{
	width:190px;
	height:100px;	
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav4.png") no-repeat;	
}

.nav-main a.link5 { 
	position:relative;
	top:0;
	left:0;
	text-indent: -9999px;
	overflow:hidden;
	width: 178px; 
	height:100px;
}

.nav-main li.nav5:hover{ 
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav5hover.png") no-repeat;
}

.nav-main li.nav5{
	width:178px;
	height:100px;	
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav5.png") no-repeat;	
}

.nav-main a.link6 { 
	position:relative;
	top:0;
	left:0;
	text-indent: -9999px;
	overflow:hidden;
	width: 100px; 
	height:100px;
}

.nav-main li.nav6:hover{ 
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav6hover.png") no-repeat;
}

.nav-main li.nav6{
	width:100px;
	height:100px;	
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav6.png") no-repeat;	
}

.nav-main a.link7 { 
	position:relative;
	top:0;
	left:0;
	text-indent: -9999px;
	overflow:hidden;
	width: 114px; 
	height:100px;
}

.nav-main li.nav7:hover{ 
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav7hover.png") no-repeat;
}

.nav-main li.nav7{
	width:114px;
	height:100px;	
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/nav7.png") no-repeat;	
}




.nav-main a:link, .nav-main a:visited {
    color: #ccc;
}

.nav-main li {	
	text-align:center;
}

.nav-main li a{	
	padding: none;
}


.nav-main li ul {
	margin-top: 3px !important;
	padding: 10px 0 0;
	background:#555;
	border-bottom:1px solid #000;
	box-shadow:none;
}

.nav-main li ul li:hover, .nav-main li ul li.sfhover  {
	background:#000 !important;
	color:#fff;
}

/* For when the dropdown hover colour only shows as pale yellow */

/*.nav-main li ul li a:hover {			
	color: #000;	
} */

.nav-main li li, .nav-main li li li {
	background:none;
	background-color:#555;
	width: 263px;
	padding:5px 0;
	border-left: 1px solid #000000;
	border-right: 1px solid #000000;
	border-top: 1px solid #999999;
}
 
.nav-main li.noleft {
	border-left:none !important;
}
  
.nav-main li.noright {
	border-right:none !important;
}
   
  

/*--------------Page Tab Navigation------------------*/

.pagetabs {
	padding-top:10px;
}

.pagetabs ul.jtabs a {
    height: 18px !important;
	margin-bottom: 1px;
}

ul.jtabs {
height:100px !important;
padding: 0 0 0 20px;
}

ul.jtabs a {
	padding: 7px 10px;
	margin-right: 7px;
	filter:none !important;
	-ms-filter:none !important;
	text-shadow: 0 0.5px 2px #574D45;
	text-shadow: 0 0px 0px ;
    border-radius: 0px;
	-webkit-box-shadow: 0px 3px 4px 0px #000000;
	box-shadow: 0 3px 4px 0 #000000;
	border:none;
}

.pagetabs ul.jtabs a:hover {
	color:#000;
	background:  #DCC29A;
}


.pagetabs ul.jtabs a {
	color:000;
	background: #EEEBE9;
	font-family: 'Handlee', cursive !important;
	font-size: 14px; 
	font-size: 1.4rem;
}

.pagetabs ul.jtabs a.current {
    background: none repeat scroll 0 0 #DCC29A !important;
	color: #7d4212;
	font-weight:normal !important;
}

ul.jtabs li {
    margin: 3px 0 0;
}

ul.jtabs a {
padding: 10px 25px;
text-align:center;
border-bottom:1px solid;
}

.pagetabs div.panes div.pane {
	font-size:1em;
}

.pagetabsalign{
margin-left:20px;	
}


/*--------------Misc------------------*/

.copyright {
	font-size: 10px !important; font-size: 1.0rem !important;
}

.normalCursor {
	cursor:default;
}

#sharetools {
	padding: 40px 0 0;
}

.cover {
	float:left;
	margin-right:40px;
	padding-bottom:20px;
	padding-left: 1px;
}


.cover img {
	border:1px solid #000 !important;
}

.cwpurchasebox {
}

.cwpurchasebox h3 {
	padding-top:0;
	margin-top: 0;
}

ul.cwpurchase {
	margin-left:0 !important;
	margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.purchasebutton {
	background: #0099d3 url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/globalImages/bluegradient.jpg") repeat-x center;
	-moz-border-radius:20px;
	-webkit-border-radius:20px;
	border-radius:20px;
	list-style-type:none;
	box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px #111111;
	text-shadow: 1px 1px 3px #000000;
	width: 160px;
}

.purchasebutton img {
	position:relative;
	padding-left:10px;
	top:3px;
}

.purchasebutton a {
	color:#fff !important;
	display:block;
	padding: 5px 30px;
    width: 160px;
	margin-bottom:10px;
}

.floatLeft {
	float:left;
}

.floatRight {
	float:right;
}

table {
	border-collapse:collapse;
	width:100%;
	border:1px solid #ccc;
	margin-bottom:25px;
	}
	
th, td {
	padding:5px;
	border:1px solid #ccc;
	text-align:left;
	vertical-align:top;
	}
	
.paddingtop0 {
	padding-top:0;
}

.lightbox ul {
	margin-left:0;
}

.cf:before, 
.cf:after { content: "" !important; display: table !important; }
.cf:after { clear: both !important; }
.cf { zoom: 1; } /* For IE 6/7 (trigger hasLayout) */

sup {
position: relative;
top: -3px;
vertical-align: top;
font-size: 90%;
}


/*--------------Over rides for Global styles------------------*/

blockquote {
    border-left:0;
	padding-left: 25px;
	font-size: 12px; font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.toc {
	display:none;
}

/*--------------Headings and Text------------------*/

h1 { 
	font-size: 28px; 
	font-size: 2.8em; 
	color: #C1453C !important;
	font-family: 'Handlee', cursive !important;
}

h2 { 
	font-size: 20px; 
	font-size: 2.0rem; 
	color: #C1453C !important;

}

h3 { 
	font-size: 14px; 
	font-size: 1.4rem;
	color: #C1453C !important; 
}

h4 { 
	font-size: 16px; 
	font-size: 1.6rem; 
}

h5 { 
	font-size: 20px; 
	font-size: 2.0rem; 
	text-align:left;
	color: #C1453C !important;
	font-family: 'Handlee', cursive !important;
	padding-top:0px !important;
}

h6 { 
	font-size: 12px; 
	font-size: 1.2rem;
	color: #C1453C !important;  
}

p, li {
	font-size: 14px;
	font-size: 1.4rem;
}

/*
li li, li p { font-size: 1rem; } */

h1, h2, h4, h5, h6 {
	font-weight:bold;
	padding-top:20px;
	padding-bottom: 15px;
	border-bottom:none;
	letter-spacing:0;
	color:#4D648E;
}

hr, p, ul, ol, dl, pre, blockquote, address, table, form {
    line-height: 1.6em;
    margin-bottom: 1em;
}

#footer p, #footer li {
    font-size: 1.1rem !important;
}

/*--------------Links------------------*/

a, a:active {
    color: #0073B0;
}

a:link {
	color: #0073B0; 
	text-decoration: none;}
	
a:visited {
	color: #0073B0; 
	text-decoration: none;}
	
a:hover {
	color: #000;
	text-decoration: underline;}

a:active {
	color: #0073B0;
	text-decoration: none;}

a:current {
	color:#0073B0;
	text-decoration:underline;
	}	

	
/*----SIGN IN FORM----*/

#signinForm {
    width: 280px;
	float:left;
	background: #E1E1E1;
	margin-right:30px;
	margin-top:20px;
	padding: 0 20px 20px;
	-moz-border-radius:10px !important;
	-webkit-border-radius:10px !important;
	border-radius:10px !important;
}

#requestForm {
	width:450px;
	float:left;
	background: #E1E1E1;
	padding: 0 20px 20px;
	margin-top:20px;
	-moz-border-radius:10px !important;
	-webkit-border-radius:10px !important;
	border-radius:10px !important;
}
	
#signinForm h2 {
	font-size: 18px; font-size: 1.8rem;
	}

#requestForm h2 {
	font-size: 18px; font-size: 1.8rem;
	}

#requestForm {	
	margin-bottom:20px; }
	
label { 
	clear:both; 
	display:block; 
	margin-bottom:10px;
	}
	
label em { 
	float:left; 
	width:210px; 
	}

#signinForm label em { 
	float:left; 
	width:110px; 
	}
	
label input { 
	border:1px solid #000000; 
	}
	
input { 
	border:1px solid #666 !important;
	background-color:#fff;
	color:#000;
	}

input.submit { 
	border:1px solid #666;
	background-color:#ccc;
	color:#000;
	margin-left:210px;
	padding-top:3px;
	padding-bottom:3px;
	}		
		
	
	
/* ---------- Feedback Form --------- */	

#fdbkName {
	border:1px solid #666;
	background-color:#fff !important;
	color:#000 !important;
	clear:both;
	display:block;
	margin-bottom:10px;
	}

#fdbkEmail {
	border:1px solid #666;
	background-color:#fff !important;
	color:#000 !important;
	clear:both;
	display:block;
	margin-bottom:10px;
	}

#fdbkComment {
	border:1px solid #666;
	background-color:#fff !important;
	color:#000 !important;
	clear:both;
	display:block;
	margin-bottom:10px;
	width:500px;
	height:100px;
	}	
	
.formfield textarea {
	border:1px solid #666;
	background-color:#fff !important;
	color:#000 !important;
	margin-bottom:10px;
	}	
	
#fdbkForm input {
	background-color:#ccc;
	color:#000;
}	

h6.special {
    border-bottom: 0;
    border-top: 0;
}

fieldset {
    border: 0 none;
}

/* ---------- Buy the book Tabs --------- */	

#book_info {
    background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/globalImages/book_info_tab_focal.png") no-repeat scroll center top transparent;
    font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif
    font-size: 16px;
    height: 28px;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 2px 0 0;
    position: absolute;
    right: 135px;
    text-align: center;
    top: 0;
    width: 300px;
}

#book_info a {
    color: #FFFFFF;
    display: block;
    font-weight: bold;
    height: 30px;
    padding-top: 1px;
    text-decoration: none;
}

#book_info a:hover {
	text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px #000;
}

#brand_tab {
    float: left;
    height: 40px;
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: 0;
    width: 150px;
    z-index: 10000;
}

#brand_tab a {
    background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/globalImages/focal-press-tab-temp.png") no-repeat scroll 0 0 transparent;
    height: 100%;
    position: absolute;
    text-indent: -10000px;
    width: 100%;
}

.error {
	color:#F00 !important;
	padding-bottom:20px;
}

/* ---------- Global --------- */

.pinterest {
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/globalImages/pinterest.png") no-repeat scroll 0 0 transparent;
}

.buyback{
    float: right;
    height: 570px;
    left: 33px;
    padding-top: 48px;
    position: relative;
    top: -51px;
    width: 224px;
}

.textsticky{
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/linedpaper.png") repeat;
    box-shadow: 1px 2px 5px 1px #000000;
    padding: 20px;
    width: 702px;v
	margin-top:45px;
}

.pagesticky{
	background: url("http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780240818726/images/linedpaper.png") repeat;
    box-shadow: 1px 2px 5px 1px #000000;
    padding: 20px;
    margin-top:45px;
	margin-bottom: 10px;
}