Routledge A Level Philosophy

• Home
• About the Books
  • Philosophy for AS
  • Philosophy for A2: Philosophical Problems
  • Philosophy for A2: Key Themes in Philosophy
  • About Michael Lacewing
• Resources
  • Philosophy for AS
  • Philosophy for A2
  • Reading Lists
  • Philosophy Skills
• Useful Links
  • Useful links
  • Sites for schools
  • General content
  • Topic specific
  • Humour
  • Reference works
  • Journals
  • Exam boards
  • Organizations
  • Further resources
• Contact Us
• Philosophy Arena
• Buy the Books
  • Philosophy for AS
  • Philosophy for A2: Philosophical Problems
  • Philosophy for A2: Key Themes in Philosophy

Resources

Philosophy for A2: New Syllabus

Unit 3

Philosophy of the Mind

• Anomalous Monism (RTF)
• Anomalous Monism (PDF)

• Biological Naturalism (RTF)
• Biological Naturalism (PDF)

• Eliminative Materialism (RTF)
• Eliminative Materialism (PDF)

• Functionalism (RTF)
• Functionalism (PDF)

• Identity Theories (RTF)
• Identity Theories (PDF)

• Intentionality and Artificial Intelligence (RTF)
• Intentionality and Artificial Intelligence (PDF)

• Logical Behaviourism (RTF)
• Logical Behaviourism (PDF)

• Mental Causation (RTF)
• Mental Causation (PDF)

• The problem of other minds (RTF)
• The problem of other minds (PDF)

• Property Dualism and Emergence (RTF)
• Property Dualism and Emergence (PDF)

• Qualia (RTF)
• Qualia (PDF)

• Substance Dualism (RTF)
• Substance Dualism (PDF)

• Non-reductive physicalism and supervenience (RTF)
• Non-reductive physicalism and supervenience (PDF)

Political Philosophy

• Principles of Justice (RTF)
• Principles of Justice (PDF)

• Rawls and Nozick on justice (RTF)
• Rawls and Nozick on justice (PDF)

• Just war theory (RTF)
• Just war theory (PDF)

• Liberalism and Conservatism (RTF)
• Liberalism and Conservatism (PDF)

• Liberty (RTF)
• Liberty (PDF)

• Marxism and Anarchism (RTF)
• Marxism and Anarchism (PDF)

• Nationalism (RTF)
• Nationalism (PDF)

• Nationalism, Liberty and Justice (RTF)
• Nationalism, Liberty and Justice (PDF)

• Rights (RTF)
• Rights (PDF)

• Rights: application, utility and law (RTF)
• Rights: application, utility and law (PDF)

Epistemology and Metaphysics

• Belief (RTF)
• Belief (PDF)

• Responses to Gettier (RTF)
• Responses to Gettier (PDF)

• Justification (RTF)
• Justification (PDF)

• Tripartite Definition of Knowledge (RTF)
• Tripartite Definition of Knowledge (PDF)

• Metaphysics and Epistemology (RTF)
• Metaphysics and Epistemology (PDF)

• Metaphysics as Speculative Nonsense (RTF)
• Metaphysics as Speculative Nonsense (PDF)

• Objective Knowledge (RTF)
• Objective Knowledge (PDF)

• Phenomenalism (RTF)
• Phenomenalism (PDF)

• Implications of Relativism (RTF)
• Implications of Relativism (PDF)

• Relativism about Knowledge (RTF)
• Relativism about Knowledge (PDF)

• Scepticism (RTF)
• Scepticism (PDF)

• Responses to scepticism (RTF)
• Responses to scepticism (PDF)

• Universals (RTF)
• Universals (PDF)

Moral Philosophy

• Abortion (RTF)
• Abortion (PDF)

• The denial of moral truth (RTF)
• The denial of moral truth (PDF)

• Deontology (RTF)
• Deontology (PDF)

• Moral knowledge, elitism, and weakness of will (RTF)
• Moral knowledge, elitism, and weakness of will (PDF)

• Emotivism (RTF)
• Emotivism (PDF)

• Environmental Ethics (RTF)
• Environmental Ethics (PDF)

• Euthanasia (RTF)
• Euthanasia (PDF)

• Kant's Ethics (RTF)
• Kant's Ethics (PDF)

• Moral cognitivism (RTF)
• Moral cognitivism (PDF)

• Moral Truth (RTF)
• Moral Truth (PDF)

• Moral truth as based on relational properties (RTF)
• Moral truth as based on relational properties (PDF)

• Poverty (RTF)
• Poverty (PDF)

• Practical Ethics (RTF)
• Practical Ethics (PDF)

• Practical Wisdom (RTF)
• Practical Wisdom (PDF)

• Prescriptivism (RTF)
• Prescriptivism (PDF)

• Relativism (RTF)
• Relativism (PDF)

• Treatment of non-human animals (RTF)
• Treatment of non-human animals (PDF)

• Utilitarianism (RTF)
• Utilitarianism (PDF)

Philosophy of Religion

• Background assumptions in Philosophy of Religion (RTF)
• Background assumptions in Philosophy of Religion (PDF)

• The Cosmological Argument (RTF)
• The Cosmological Argument (PDF)

• Faith as an attitude or commitment (RTF)
• Faith as an attitude or commitment (PDF)

• ‘Faith’ as a special kind of cognitive state (RTF)
• ‘Faith’ as a special kind of cognitive state (PDF)

• What do we mean by ‘miracle’? (RTF)
• What do we mean by ‘miracle’? (PDF)

• Miracle stories in religions (RTF)
• Miracle stories in religions (PDF)

• Sceptical arguments regarding miracles (RTF)
• Sceptical arguments regarding miracles (PDF)

• Pascal's Wager (RTF)
• Pascal's Wager (PDF)

• Religion as a ‘form of life’ (RTF)
• Religion as a ‘form of life’ (PDF)

• Religious experience (RTF)
• Religious experience (PDF)

• Religious language (RTF)
• Religious language (PDF)

• Social science and religion (RTF)
• Social science and religion (RTF)

Powerpoints

Philosophy of Mind

• Mental Causation
• Identity Theory
• Functionalism and the Mind-Body Problem
• Functionalism and Consciousness
• Dualism and the Mind-Body Identity Theory
• Substance and Property Dualism
• Descartes on the mind
• Consciousness
• Behaviourism

Political Philosophy

• Rights
• Plato and Mill on the individual and society
• Liberty
• Democracy

Epistemology and Metaphysics

• Justified True Belief
• Phenomenalism
• Reliabilism
• Scepticism

Philosophy of Religion

• Faith without Reason?
• James and Freud on Religious Experience
• Knowing God through feeling
• Miracles
• Pascal's Wager

Moral Philosophy

• Abortion
• Is morality objective?
• Environmental Ethics
• Euthanasia and applying ethical theories
• Kant's Categorical Imperative
• Stem cell research
• The rise of the clones?
• Three theories of ethics

Unit 4

Hume's Enquiry

• Hume on causation (RTF)
• Hume on causation (PDF)

• Hume on free will (RTF)
• Hume on free will (PDF)

• Hume on knowledge (RTF)
• Hume on knowledge (PDF)

• Hume on miracles (RTF)
• Hume on miracles (PDF)

• Hume's psychology (RTF)
• Hume's psychology (PDF)

• Hume on the relation between impressions and ideas (RTF)
• Hume on the relation between impressions and ideas (PDF)

Plato's Republic

• Plato on Democracy (RTF)
• Plato on Democracy (PDF)

• The Form of the Good (RTF)
• The Form of the Good (PDF)

• Plato on the nature of Morality (RTF)
• Plato on the nature of Morality (PDF)

• Philosophers, Knowledge and Virtue (RTF)
• Philosophers, Knowledge and Virtue (PDF)

• Philosopher rulers (RTF)
• Philosopher rulers (PDF)

• Plato's similes of the Cave and the Divided Line (RTF)
• Plato's similes of the Cave and the Divided Line (PDF)

• Plato's theory of Forms (RTF)
• Plato's theory of Forms (PDF)

Mill's On Liberty

• Mill on Freedom of Action (RTF)
• Mill on Freedom of Action (PDF)

• The applications of Mill's principles (RTF)
• The applications of Mill's principles (PDF)

• Mill on the development of democracy and its inherent dangers (RTF)
• Mill on the development of democracy and its inherent dangers (PDF)

• Mill's ‘harm principle’ (RTF)
• Mill's ‘harm principle’ (PDF)

• Mill on Harm and offence (RTF)
• Mill on Harm and offence (PDF)

• Mill on the development of the individual (RTF)
• Mill on the development of the individual (PDF)

• Mill on liberty (RTF)
• Mill on liberty (PDF)

• Mill on freedom of thought and expression (RTF)
• Mill on freedom of thought and expression (PDF)

Descartes' Meditations

• Descartes, the cogito and clear and distinct ideas (RTF)
• Descartes, the cogito and clear and distinct ideas (PDF)

• Descartes and the method of doubt (RTF)
• Descartes and the method of doubt (PDF)

• Descartes' arguments for distinguishing mind and body (RTF)
• Descartes' arguments for distinguishing mind and body (PDF)

• Descartes on mind-body independence and the intermingling thesis (RTF)
• Descartes on mind-body independence and the intermingling thesis (PDF)

• Descartes on the essential natures of mind and body (RTF)
• Descartes on the essential natures of mind and body (PDF)

• Descartes' ontological argument (RTF)
• Descartes' ontological argument (PDF)

• Descartes' rationalism (RTF)
• Descartes' rationalism (PDF)

• The role of God in Descartes' Meditations (RTF)
• The role of God in Descartes' Meditations (PDF)

• Descartes' Trademark argument (RTF)
• Descartes' Trademark argument (PDF)

Nietzsche's Beyond Good and Evil

• Nietzsche's critique of past philosophers (RTF)
• Nietzsche's critique of past philosophers (PDF)

• Nietzsche on eternal return (RTF)
• Nietzsche on eternal return (PDF)

• Nietzsche on herd morality and the critique of ‘modern ideas’ (RTF)
• Nietzsche on herd morality and the critique of ‘modern ideas’ (PDF)

• Nietzsche's ‘histories’ of morality (RTF)
• Nietzsche's ‘histories’ of morality (PDF)

• Nietzsche on master and slave morality (RTF)
• Nietzsche on master and slave morality (PDF)

• Nietzsche on morality and human nature (RTF)

• Nietzsche on the new philosopher (RTF)
• Nietzsche on the new philosopher (PDF)

• Nietzsche on nobility (RTF)
• Nietzsche on nobility (PDF)

• Nietzsche's perspectivism (RTF)
• Nietzsche's perspectivism (PDF)

• Reading Nietzsche (RTF)
• Reading Nietzsche (PDF)

• Nietzsche's account of religion (RTF)
• Nietzsche's account of religion (PDF)

• Nietzsche on the will to power (RTF)
• Nietzsche on the will to power (PDF)

Powerpoints

Descartes

• Descartes on the Mind
• Descartes on doubt
• Descartes and Hume on Knowledge of the External World
• Descartes' Ontological Argument
• Descartes on Scepticism

Hume

• Descartes and Hume on Knowledge of the External World
• Hume on Causation
• Hume and Kant
• Hume's Scepticism
• Plato and Hume on Human Understanding

Mill

• Mill on Freedom
• Mill on the role of law
• Mill on individuality
• Why letting people be bad is good

Plato

• Plato on democracy
• Plato and Hume on Human Understanding
• Plato on Knowledge
• Plato, knowledge and virtue

• Skip to navigation
• Skip to content
• Skip to search