1st Edition

Biohydrogen Production Fundamentals and Technology Advances

    408 Pages 79 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    408 Pages 79 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Biohydrogen Production: Fundamentals and Technology Advances covers the fundamentals of biohydrogen production technology, including microbiology, biochemistry, feedstock requirements, and molecular biology of the biological hydrogen production processes. It also gives insight into scale-up problems and limitations. In addition, the book discusses mathematical modeling of the various processes involved in biohydrogen production and the software required to model the processes. The book summarizes research advances that have been made in this field and discusses bottlenecks of the various processes, which presently limit the commercialization of this technology.

    The authors also focus on the process economy, policy, and environmental impact of this technology, since the future of biohydrogen production depends not only on research advances, but also on economic considerations (the cost of fossil fuels), social espousal, and the development of H2 energy systems. The book describes the fundamentals of this technology interwoven with more advanced research findings. Further reading is suggested at the end of each chapter.

    Since the beauty of any innovation is its applicability, socioeconomic impact, and cost energy analysis, the book examines each of these points to give you a holistic picture of this technology. Illustrative diagrams, flow charts, and comprehensive tables detailing the scientific advancements provide an opportunity to understand the process comprehensively and meticulously. Written in a lucid style, the book supplies a complete knowledge bank about biohydrogen production processes.

    Introduction
    Introduction
    Nonconventional Energy Resources
    Conventional Hydrogen Technologies and Limitations
    Biological Hydrogen Production Technology
    Properties of Hydrogen
    Book Overview
    References

    Microbiology
    Introduction
    Dark Fermentative Bacteria
    Photosynthetic Fermentative Bacteria
    Cyanobacteria
    Green Algae
    Concept of Consortia Development
    Synthetic Microorganisms—Are They the Future?
    Glossary
    References

    Hydrogen Production Processes
    Introduction
    Photobiological Hydrogen Production
    Photofermentation
    Dark Fermentation
    Hybrid Processes
    Microbial Electrolysis Cell
    Thermodynamic Limitations
    Glossary
    References

    Biohydrogen Feedstock
    Introduction
    Simple Sugars as Feedstock
    Complex Substrates as Feedstock
    Biomass Feedstock
    Organic Acids
    Waste as Feedstock
    Assessment of Cost Components for Several Feedstocksfor Dark Hydrogen Fermentation
    Conclusion
    Glossary
    References

    Molecular Biology of Hydrogenases and Their Accessory Genes
    Introduction
    Occurrence of Hydrogenase in Nature
    Classification of Hydrogenases
    Problems Associated with Oxygen Sensitivity ofHydrogenases and Plausible Solutions
    Evolutionary Significance of Hydrogenase
    Conclusion
    Glossary
    References

    Improvement of Hydrogen Production through MolecularApproaches and Metabolic Engineering
    Introduction
    Molecular Approaches
    Metabolic Engineering
    Conclusion
    Glossary
    References

    Process and Culture Parameters
    Introduction
    Factors Affecting Dark Fermentation Process
    Environmental Factors Affecting Hydrogen Productionin Photosynthetic Organisms
    Statistical Optimization of Factors Effecting BiohydrogenProduction
    Comparison of Suspended Cell versus Immobilized Systems
    Comparison of Batch Process versus Continuous Process
    Conclusion
    Glossary
    References

    Photobioreactors
    Introduction
    Types of PBRs
    Physicochemical Parameters
    Design Criterion
    Comparison of the Performance of the PBRs
    Energy Analysis
    Conclusion
    Glossary
    References

    Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of the BiohydrogenProduction Processes
    Introduction
    Development of Mathematical Models to CorrelateSubstrate and Biomass Concentration with Time
    Substrate Inhibition Model
    Determination of Cell Growth Kinetic Parameters:KS, μmax, Ki
    Cumulative Hydrogen Production by Modified Gompertz’sEquation
    Development of Mathematical Models for Cell GrowthKinetics in Photofermentation Process
    Modeling of Hydrogen Production by Photofermentation
    Conclusion
    Nomenclature
    References

    Scale-Up and Energy Analysis of Biohydrogen ProductionProcesses
    Introduction
    Determination of Scale-Up Parameters
    Scale-Up Methods
    Case Studies on Pilot-Scale Plants
    Mass and Energy Analysis
    Cost Analysis of the Process
    Conclusion
    Nomenclature
    Glossary
    References

    Biohydrogen Production Process Economics, Policy,and Environmental Impact
    Introduction
    Process Economy
    Environmental Impact
    Hydrogen Policy
    Issues and Barriers
    Status of Hydrogen in the Developed and theDeveloping Countries
    Future Outlook
    Glossary
    References

    Index

    Biography

    Debabrata Das, Namita Khanna, Chitralekha Nag Dasgupta

    "… a very comprehensive review of what is known about biological hydrogen production, including technological and economical issues that are usually neglected in other books on the same topic. … The comprehensive approach used by the authors not only gives newcomers the opportunity to enter the field with a complete picture of the topic but also gives researchers experienced in biological hydrogen production useful information on important issues."
    —Roberto De Philippis, University of Florence, Italy

    "… an excellent contemporary review of the biohydrogen production research field. Every important aspect of this technology (e.g., biology, engineering, and environmental impacts) is discussed. This book is recommended for students, teachers, and researchers."
    —Nils-Kåre Birkeland, University of Bergen, Norway

    "... comprehensive and timely. ... The contents of the book have sufficient coverage to initiate industries to take up collaboration with academic and research institutes to build capacity and capabilities for realizable technologies. ... Proportion of coverage of each topic is quite balanced to qualify as a textbook."
    —Baldev Raj, PSG Institutions, Coimbatore, India; from American Journal of Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 3, No. 2 (2014)

    "This book includes the research activities of different research groups involved in biohydrogen research. So, it is very useful for research scientists, academicians, process engineers, etc."
    —Dr. S. Venkata Mohan, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad