Written by Stanley Manahan, Fundamentals of Sustainable Chemical Science has been carefully designed to provide a basic introduction to chemistry, including organic chemistry and biochemistry, for readers with little or no prior background in the subject. Manahan, bestselling author of many environmental texts, presents the material in a practical format that ties together real-world examples from environmental chemistry, green chemistry, and related areas while maintaining brevity and simplicity. The author presents:
- An introduction to chemistry at the most fundamental level
- A discussion of environmental chemistry and the now-critical area of sustainable chemical science
- A straightforward presentation of the essentials of chemical science
The book begins with an introduction to the basic concepts and terms needed to really understand chemistry. With these terms defined in very fundamental ways, it is then possible to cover chemical concepts in greater detail without having to guess what readers know and don’t know about chemistry. The book also includes basic coverage of organic chemistry and biochemistry. Although other books at the beginner level often omit these topics, those who deal with the real world of environmental pollution, hazardous wastes, agricultural science, and other applied areas quickly realize that a rudimentary understanding of them is essential. These two features make the book not only unique but also practical.
Supplying the nuts and bolts of the science, Manahan elucidates the basics of chemistry in a clear, concise format with tie-ins to environmental chemistry and green chemistry.
INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY AND GREEN CHEMISTRY
If We Do Not Change Direction
The Essential Role of Chemistry
Environmental Chemistry and Green Chemistry
A Mini-Course in Chemistry
The Building Blocks of Matter
Chemical Bonds and Compounds
Chemical Reactions and Equations
Numbers in Chemistry: Exponential Notation
Significant Figures and Uncertainties in Numbers
Measurements and Systems of Measurement
Units of Mass
Units of Length
Units of Volume
Temperature, Heat, and Energy
Pressure
Units and Their Use in Calculations
Chapter Summary
Literature Cited
Questions and Problems
MATTER AND MATERIALS
What Is Matter And Why Does It Matter For Sustainability And Green Chemistry?
Classification of Matter
Quantity of Matter: The Mole
Physical Properties of Matter
States of Matter
Gases
Liquids and Solutions
Solids
Thermal Properties
Separation and Characterization of Matter
The Green Chemistry of Matter
Chapter Summary
Questions and Problems
ATOMS AND ELEMENTS
Atoms and Elements
The Atomic Theory
Subatomic Particles
The Basic Structure of the Atom
Development of the Periodic Table
Hydrogen, the Simplest Atom
Helium, the First Atom with a Filled Electron Shell
Lithium, the First Atom with Both Inner and Outer Electrons
The Second Period, Elements
Elements 11–20, and Beyond
A More Detailed Look at Atomic Structure
Quantum and Wave Mechanical Models of Electrons in Atoms
Energy Levels of Atomic Orbitals
Shapes of Atomic Orbitals
Electron Configuration
Electrons in the First 20 Elements
Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table
Chapter Summary
Questions and Problems
CHEMICAL BONDS, MOLECULES, AND COMPOUNDS
Chemical Bonds and Compound Formation
Chemical Bonding and the Octet Rule
Ionic Bonding
Fundamentals of Covalent Bonding
Covalent Bonds in Compounds
Some Other Aspects of Covalent Bonding
Chemical Formulas of Compounds
The Names of Chemical Compounds
Acids, Bases, and Salts
Chapter Summary
Questions and Problems
CHEMICAL REACTIONS, EQUATIONS, AND STOICHIOMETRY
The Sentences of Chemistry
The Information In A Chemical Equation
Balancing Chemical Equations
Will A Reaction Occur?
How Fast Does A Reaction Go?
Classification of Chemical Reactions
Quantitative Information from Chemical Reactions
What Is Stoichiometry and Why Is It Important?
Chapter Summary
Questions and Problems
ACIDS, BASES, AND SALTS
The Importance of Acids, Bases, and Salts
The Nature of Acids, Bases, and Salts
Conductance of Electricity by Acids, Bases, and Salts in Solution
Dissociation of Acids and Bases in Water
The Hydrogen Ion Concentration and Buffers
H And the Relationship between Hydrogen Ion and Hydroxide Ion Concentrations
Preparation of Acids
Preparation of Bases
Preparation of Salts
Acid Salts and Basic Salts
Water of Hydration
Names of Acids, Bases, and Salts
Chapter Summary
Questions and Problems
SOLUTIONS AND SOLVENTS
What Are Solutions? Why Are They Important?
Solvents
Water—A Unique Solvent
The Solution Process and Solubility
Solution Concentrations
Standard Solutions and Titrations
Physical Properties of Solutions
Solution Equilibria
Colloidal Suspensions
Chapter Summary
Questions and Problems
CHEMISTRY AND ELECTRICITY
Chemistry and Electricity
Oxidation and Reduction
Oxidation–Reduction in Solution
The Dry Cell
Storage Batteries
Using Electricity to Make Chemical Reactions Occur
Electroplating
Fuel Cells
Solar Cells
Reaction Tendency
Effect of Concentration: Nernst Equation
Potentiometry
Corrosion
Chapter Summary
Questions and Problems
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Organic Chemistry
Hydrocarbons
Organic Functional Groups and Classes Of Organic Compounds
Synthetic Polymers
Chapter Summary
Supplementary References
Questions and Problems
BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
Biochemistry
Biochemistry and the Cell
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Enzymes
Nucleic Acids
Recombinant DNA and Genetic Engineering
Metabolic Processes
Chapter Summary
Literature Cited
Supplementary References
Questions and Problems
INDEX
Biography
Stanley E. Manahan