2nd Edition
Introduction to Texture Analysis Macrotexture, Microtexture, and Orientation Mapping, Second Edition
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The first edition of Introduction to Texture Analysis: Macrotexture, Microtexture, and Orientation Mapping broke new ground by collating seventy years worth of research in a convenient single-source format. Reflecting emerging methods and the evolution of the field, the second edition continues to provide comprehensive coverage of the concepts, practices, and applications of techniques used to determine and characterize texture.
Providing a clear focus on scientific principles, this reference keeps mathematics to a minimum in covering both traditional macrotexture analysis and more modern electron-microscopy-based microtexture analysis. The authors integrate the two techniques and address the subsequent need for a more detailed explanation of philosophy, practice, and analysis associated with texture analysis. The book is organized into three sections:
- Fundamental Issues addresses terminology associated with orientations and texture, in addition to their representation. It also covers the diffraction of radiation, a phenomenon that is the basis for almost all texture analysis.
- Macrotexture Analysis covers data acquisition, as well as representation and evaluation related to the well-established methods of macrotexture analysis.
- Microtexture Analysis provides experimental details of the transmission or scanning electron microscope-based techniques for microtexture analysis. It also describes how microtexture data are evaluated and represented and explores the innovative topics of orientation microscopy and mapping, and advanced issues concerning crystallographic aspects of interfaces and connectivity.
Completely revised and updated, this second edition of a bestseller is a rare introductory-level guide to texture analysis. It illustrates approaches to orientation measurement and interpretation and elucidates the fundamental principles on which measurements are based. This book is an ideal tool to help you develop a working understanding of the practice and applications of texture.
Part I: Fundamental Issues
Introduction
The Classical Approach to Texture
The Modern Approach to Texture: Microtexture
A Guide to the Book
Descriptors of Orientation
Crystal Structures and Crystal Symmetries
Transformation between Coordinate Systems: The Rotation Matrix
The "Ideal Orientation" (Miller or Miller–Bravais Indices) Notation
The Reference Sphere, Pole Figure, and Inverse Pole Figure
The Euler Angles and Euler Space
The Angle/Axis of Rotation and Cylindrical Angle/Axis Space
The Rodrigues Vector and Rodrigues Space
Application of Diffraction to Texture Analysis
Diffraction of Radiation and Bragg’s Law
Structure Factor
Laue and Debye–Scherrer Methods
Absorption and Depth of Penetration
Characteristics of Radiations Used for Texture Analysis
Part II: Macrotexture Analysis
Macrotexture Measurements
Principle of Pole Figure Measurement
X-Ray Diffraction Methods
Neutron Diffraction Methods
Texture Measurements in Low-Symmetry and Multiphase Materials
Sample Preparation
Evaluation and Representation of Macrotexture Data
Pole Figure and Inverse Pole Figure
Determination of the Orientation Distribution Function from Pole Figure Data
Representation and Display of Texture in Euler Space
Examples of Typical Textures in Metals
Part III: Microtexture Analysis
The Kikuchi Diffraction Pattern
The Kikuchi Diffraction Pattern
Quantitative Evaluation of the Kikuchi Pattern
Pattern Quality
Scanning Electron Microscopy-Based Techniques
Micro-Kossel Technique
Electron Channeling Diffraction and Selected-Area Channeling
Evolution of Electron Backscatter Diffraction
EBSD Specimen Preparation
Experimental Considerations for EBSD
Calibration of an EBSD System
Operation of an EBSD System and Primary Data Output
Transmission Electron Microscopy–Based Techniques
High-Resolution Electron Microscopy
Selected Area Diffraction
Kikuchi Patterns, Microdiffraction, and Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction
Evaluation and Representation of Microtexture Data
Representation of Orientations in a Pole Figure or Inverse Pole Figure
Representation of Orientations in Euler Space
Representation of Orientations in Rodrigues Space
General Representation of Misorientation Data
Representation of Misorientations in Three-Dimensional Spaces
Normalization and Evaluation of the Misorientation Distribution Function
Extraction of Quantified Data
Orientation Microscopy and Orientation Mapping
Historical Evolution
Orientation Microscopy
Orientation Mapping and Its Applications
Orientation Microscopy in the TEM
Crystallographic Analysis of Interfaces, Surfaces, and Connectivity
Crystallographic Analysis of Grain Boundaries
Crystallographic Analysis of Surfaces
Orientation Connectivity and Spatial Distribution
Orientation Relationships between Phases
Synchrotron Radiation, Nondiffraction Techniques, and Comparisons between Methods
Texture Analysis by Synchrotron Radiation
Texture Analysis by Nondiffraction Techniques
Appendices
Glossary
References
General Bibliography
Index
Biography
Olaf Engler is senior scientist of metallurgy at the Research and Development Center of Hydro Aluminium in Bonn, Germany. Prior to that, he was at the University of Technology in Aachen, Germany, and the Materials Science and Technology Division of Los Alamos National Laboratory in the United States. Since 2004, he has also been an adjunct professor for Texture and Crystal Plasticity at the NTNU Trondheim, Norway, and a member of the international committee of the International Conference on Texture of Materials (ICOTOM). Engler has more than 20 years of experience in analysis, interpretation, and modeling of the development of microstructure and texture during the thermomechanical processing of metallic materials and control of the resulting materials properties.
Valerie Randle has been eminent in the field of electron backscatter diffraction for more than 20 years. Her other main research interest is grain boundary engineering in metals and alloys. She has written more than 300 scientific publications on these research topics, including five textbooks. Randle is a past Welsh Woman of the Year and recipient of the Institute of Materials’ Rosenhain Medal. Currently, she is the senior professor in the Materials Research Centre at Swansea University in Wales, United Kingdom.
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