In mid-1980 a second conference for the review of the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) would take place in Geneva. Given the importance of preventing, or at least slowing down, nuclear weapon proliferation, this conference would be a crucial event in the field of arms control and disarmament. For many countries the technical and economic barriers to proliferation had disappeared, and the only remaining barriers were political.
In an attempt to contribute to the discussions at the NPT Review Conference, SIPRI assembled a group of experts from a number of countries to discuss the technical aspects of the control of fissionable materials in non-military applications. The meeting took place in Stockholm, 12-16 October 1978. Originally published in 1979, this book on nuclear energy and nuclear weapon proliferation contains the papers presented at the symposium and reflects the discussions at the meeting.
Preface. Part 1: Introduction B. Jasani Chapter 1. Fuel Cycles 1. An Evolutionary Strategy for Nuclear Power F. von Hippel, H. A. Feiveson and R. H. Williams. Appendix 1. Assumptions used in the Economic Calculations Chapter 2. Enrichment 2. Practical Suggestions for the Improvement of Proliferation Resistance within the Enriched Uranium Fuel Cycle J. H. Coates and B. Barré 3. Jet Nozzle and Vortex Tube Enrichment Technologies P. Boskma 4. Laser Separation Isotopes K. L. Kompa Chapter 3. Reprocessing 5. Proliferation Risks Associated with Different Back-End Fuel Cycles for Light Water Reactors K. Hannerz and F. Segerberg Chapter 4. Waste Disposal 6. Reprocessing and Waste Management D. Abrahamson Chapter 5. Physical Barriers to Proliferation 7. Can Plutonium Be Made Weapon-Proof? B. T. Feld Part 2: Introduction B. Jasani Chapter 6. Breeders 8. The Proliferation Aspects of Breeder Deployment B. Barré 9. The Role of the Breeder Reactor R. Garwin Chapter 7. Hybrid Reactors 10. Fusion-Fission Hybrid Reactors V. Kuhleshov 11. Laser Fusion and Fusion Hybrid Breeders: Proliferation Implications D. Westervelt and R. Pollock Part 3: Introduction J. Goldblat Chapter 8. Safeguards Technology 12. IAEA Safeguards Technology A. von Baeckmann 13. Safeguards Techniques W. A. Higinbotham Chapter 9. Exporting Policies 14. Applications of US Non-Proliferation Legislation for Technical Aspects of the Control of Fissionable Materials in Non-Military Applications W. H. Donnelly Appendix 14A. Improving the Reliability of the United States as a Nuclear Supplier: Provisions of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978. Appendix 14B. International Assurances of Reliable Nuclear Supplies in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978. Appendix 14C. Desired Conditions for International Nuclear Trade Specified in Section 403 of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978. Appendix 14D. Desired Limitations upon Domestic Use of Nuclear Power Specified in Section 403 of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978. Appendix 14E. List of Actions Triggering Cut-Off of US Nuclear Exports Specified in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978. Appendix 14F. Conditions for US Agreements for Nuclear Cooperation Required by the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978. Appendix 14G. List of Statutory Criteria for Approval of US Nuclear Exports. Appendix 14H. Notable Procedural Requirements for Negotiation and Renegotiation of Agreements for Nuclear Cooperation. Appendix 14I. Notable Requirements for NRC Licensing of US Nuclear Exports. Appendix 14J. Notable Procedural Requirements for Department of Energy Action on Subsequent Arrangements. Appendix 14K. Summary of Provisions in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 Relating to Sanctions Against Certain Proliferation Actions. Appendix 14L. Summary of Notable Implications of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 for Control of Certain Technological Activities in the Non-Military Applications of Nuclear Energy. Appendix 14M. Summary of Provisions of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 Relating to Enrichment of Uranium. Appendix 14N. Summary of Provisions of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 Relating to Reprocessing of Nuclear Fuels. Appendix 14O. Summary of Provisions of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 Relating to Nuclear Explosives. Appendix 14P. Summary of Provisions of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 Relating to Safeguards Technology. 15. Nuclear Exporting Policies B. Sanders Chapter 10. Multinational and International Controls 16. A Nuclear Fuel Supply Cooperative: A Way Out of the Non-Proliferation Débacle A. R. W. Wilson 17. A Preliminary Evaluation of the Technical Aspects of INFCE U. Farinelli 18. Nuclear Proliferation: Arrangements for International Control J. Rotblat Part 4: Introduction B. Jasani Chapter 11. Peaceful Nuclear Explosions 19. Peaceful Applications of Nuclear Explosions D. Davies 20. Technical Aspects of Peaceful Nuclear Explosions Relevant to their Possible Role in the Future Proliferation of Weapon-Usable Nuclear Materials A. R. W. Wilson Chapter 12. Reactors in Satellites 21. Nuclear Reactors in Satellites D. Paul Part 5. Chapter 13. Implementation of the Non-Proliferation Treaty J. Goldblat Appendix A. Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. Appendix B. Final Declaration of the Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, 30 May 1975. Appendix C. List of States which have Signed, Ratified, Acceded or Succeeded to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) as of March 1979 Chapter 14. Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Weapon Proliferation J. Rotblat. Abstracts. Glossary. Index.
Biography
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
SIPRI is an independent international institute dedicated to research into conflict, armaments, arms control and disarmament. Established in 1966, SIPRI provides data, analysis and recommendations, based on open sources, to policymakers, researchers, media and the interested public. Based in Stockholm, SIPRI is regularly ranked among the most respected think tanks worldwide.
