How Are Textile Fabrics Formed?
Principles of Fabric Formation is a treatise on the modern production systems of woven, knitted, braided, nonwoven, triaxial, multiaxial, and 3D fabrics. This book offers a basic understanding of the technicalities involved in the formation of different types of textile fabrics, and brings out the relative merits and limitations of each production process in one single volume.
Gain Insight into the World of Textile Fabrics
Providing readers with an appreciation of the technicalities involved in the formation of different types of textile fabrics, the author describes all major fabric formation methods, and explains each stage of formation in the text. He also addresses all major topics related to the formation of different classes of textile fabrics, including yarn winding, warping, yarn sizing, woven fabric construction, weaving, weft knitting, warp knitting, braiding, nonwovens, and triaxial, multiaxial and 3D fabrics.
Comprised of 16 chapters, this multifaceted work:
- Provides a technical description of fabric formation systems
- Focuses on the diverse technicalities involved in each and every stage of formation
- Contains a comprehensive compilation of the major principles involved
Principles of Fabric Formation
is an exclusive junior/senior undergraduate-level textbook with a focus on the diverse technical principles involved in production of the entire gamut of textile fabrics.Textile Fabrics: An Overview
A Brief Outline of Various Fabric Formation Systems
Weaving System
Knitting System
Braiding System
Netting and Lacing Systems
Nonwoven Systems
Yarn Winding
Objectives
Package Build
Unwinding Behavior
Precision and Random Winding
Features of a Modern Surface-Driven Cone-Winding Machine
Warping
Objective
Warping Systems
Elements of Warping Systems
Further Reading
Yarn Sizing
Objective
Importance of Sizing
Sizing Material
Sizing Machine
Special Sizing Systems
Reference
Further Reading
Basic Weaves and the Process of Drawing In
Basic Concepts
Identification of Warp and Weft
Introduction to the Basic Weaves
Repeat and Shift
Drafting and Lifting
Methods of Generating Weaves
Transformation Methods of Fabric Weave Design
Process of Drawing In
References
Further Reading
Appendix
Primary and Secondary Motions of a Weaving Loom
Basic Machine Elements
Principles of Shedding
Principle of Shuttle Picking
Beating Up
Principles of Take Up
Principles of Let Off
References
Further Reading
Developments in Shedding Motions
Limitations of Shedding Tappet
Functional Principles of Dobby
Functional Principles of Jacquard
New Generation (Electronic) Jacquards
New Concepts of Jacquard Shedding
Next-Generation Shedding Systems
References
Further Reading
Developments in Weft Insertion Systems
Drawbacks of a Conventional System
Basic Principle of the Unconventional System
Functional Principles of Shuttleless Weft Insertion Systems
References
Further Reading
Appendix
Features of Modern Shuttleless Weaving Systems
Machine Drive and Power Consumption
Drive to Sley
Fabric Selvedge
Productivity and Fabric Quality
Application of Electronics
Application of Composite Materials
QSC and Automation in Drawing-In
Preparatory Process
Noise Generation
Techno-Economics
Nonconventional Weaving Systems
Multiphase Weaving
Narrow Fabric Weaving
References
Formation of Weft-Knitted Fabrics
Introduction
Basic Concepts
Process of Loop Formation
Basic Weft Knits
Conventions for Representation of Weft-Knitted Stitches
Systems of the Basic Weft-Knitting Machines
Sequence of Loop Formation
Guidelines on Control of the Knitting Process
Relationship between Geometry and Properties of a Loop
References
Further Reading
Appendix
Formation of Warp-Knitted Fabrics
Warp-Knitting Machines
Basic Warp Knits
Sequence of Loop Formation
Shogging Motion of Guide Bars
Some Important Warp Knits
Comparison of Warp-Knitting Process Vis-à-Vis OtherYarn-to-Fabric Conversion Processes
Further Reading
Formation of Braids
Introduction
Geometry of Tubular Braids
Elements of a Tubular Braiding Machine
Differences between Flat and Tubular Braid
Limitations of Braiding Systems
References
Formation of Nonwoven Fabrics
Introduction
Classification
Fibers in Nonwoven Fabrics
Web Formation from Fibers
Web Formation from Polymer Chips
Reinforcement of Web
References
Further Reading
Formation of Triaxial and Multiaxial 2-D and 3-D Fabrics
Introduction
Triaxial Fabric
Multiaxial Fabrics
Three-Dimensional Fabrics
Key Technological Concerns for 3-D Fabric-FormationSystems
References
Further Reading
Index
Biography
Prabir Kumar Banerjee obtained his bachelor’s degree in textile technology from the College of Textile Technology, Serampore, West Bengal in 1966; master’s degree in textile engineering from IIT Delhi in 1973; and doctorate from the erstwhile TH, Karl-Marx-Stadt of GDR in 1979. He has guided nine PhD students, published 36 papers in refereed journals, developed eight new products and processes, and holds three patents. He is a recipient of the lifetime contribution award from the International Geosynthetics Society (Delhi Chapter) and the Central Board of Irrigation and Power of India for contribution to the growth of geosynthetics in India.
"Most books in fabric formation technology are restricted to one type of technology and lack comparison on the properties and suitability for particular applications of the various technologies available. The current book overcomes this limitation. In my opinion this is the most correct way to teach the subject and the one we have always adopted at the University of Minho. In this way students and professionals may be trained to choose the most appropriate fabric for particular end-uses without any bias."
—Mario de Araujo, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"The book covers virtually the entire subject of textile fabric manufacturing, and represents one of the most comprehensive books on fabric manufacturing. It should prove to be a very useful and important textbook and reference manual for under graduate students and industry alike."
—Lawrance Hunter, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa"A well-designed and quite innovative book that includes many important points related to fabric formation techniques. It will be a very helpful book for students, researchers, and engineers."
—Kadir Bilisik, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey