Following in the tradition of the popular first edition, Principles of Food Toxicology, Second Edition integrates the general principles of toxicology with a systematic characterization of the most important food-borne toxicants. Ideal as a textbook in a food toxicology course, and also as a monograph dealing with principles of food toxicology as the whole, and, due to sufficiently increased number of references, a source of elaborated scientific information, the second edition has been significantly revised and updated with new theories, opinions, and methods. It also provides expanded coverage of entry and absorption of foreign substances, carcinogenicity, reproductive and developmental toxicology, multi-organ toxicity, and flavor enhancers.
See What’s New in the Second Edition:
- Role of lymph in transport of xenobiotics
- Reproductive and developmental toxicity, risk-benefit analysis
- Trans fatty acids
- Soybean as a source of possible toxicants
- Aluminum from cookware
- Glutamates
- New chapter on food adulteration
- Updated and additional references
The book introduces the principles of toxicology at the molecular, cellular, and organism level. It provides a moderately rigorous treatment of biochemistry and chemistry with explanations of the mechanisms of toxic effect and medicinal consequences. The book arms toxicologists against new challenges in food safety brought on by long-term and often hard-to-diagnose effects of plant and animal toxicants that have already developed extensively by the time of discovery.
Basics of Toxicology Connected to Food
Introduction
What is Toxicology?
Short History of Toxicology
Toxicity, Dose, and Response
Integrated Effect of Toxic Substances
Classification of Toxicants
Some Toxicology-Related Principles of Basics of Cell Biology and Biochemistry
References
Routes of Xenobiotics in an Organism
Entry and Absorption of Foreign Substances
Distribution of Xenobiotics in an Organism
Metabolism of Xenobiotics
Elimination of Xenobiotics and their Metabolites from Organism
Biomagnification
Antidotes
References
Toxic Response
Variability in Toxic Response
Physiological Classification of Toxic Responses
Molecular Mechanisms of Toxicity
Biomarkers of Toxic Effect
References
Analytical Toxicology: Determination of Foreign Compounds
Introduction
Sample Preparation
Mouse Bioassay: Functional Analysis
Biological Methods: Biosensors
Immunochemical Methods: Immunosensors
. Spectrophotometric (Colorimetric) Methods
Electrophoretic Methods
Chromatographic Methods
Detectors
References
Evaluation of Toxicity of Substances
Epidemiological Studies
Animal Tests
Cell-Culture Tests—Elaboration of Alternative Methods
Computer Calculations
Acute Toxicity Tests
Subacute/Chronic Toxicity Tests
Chronic Toxicity Tests
Specific Toxicity Tests
References
Toxicological Safety and Risk Analysis
Toxicological Safety
Risk Assessment
Risk.Benefit Analysis
References
MAIN GROUPS OF FOOD-BORNE TOXICANTS
Endogenous Plant Toxicants
Lectins or Hemagglutinins
Enzyme Inhibitors
Alkaloids
Cyanogenic Glycosides. Toxicity Mechanisms of HCN
Phytoestrogens
Glucosinolates
Coumarin
Thujones
Toxic Amino Acids
Toxic Lipids
Oxalates
Fluoroacetates
Bracken Toxins
Saponins
Grayanotoxin
Soybean as a Potential Source of Versatile Toxicants
Mushroom Toxins
Miscelleaneous
Genetically Modified Plants
References
Geochemical Pollutants that Plants Absorb from Soil
Arsenic
Selenium
Fluorine
References
Environmental Pollutants
Toxic Elements
Radionuclides
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB)
Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins and Dibenzofurans
References
Mycotoxins
Overview
Aflatoxins
Ochratoxins
Sterigmatocystin
Zearalenone
Fumonisins
Trichothecenes
Patulin
Citrinin and Citreoviridin
Ergot Toxins
Other Mycotoxins
Combined Toxicity of Mycotoxins
References
Animal Endogenous Poisons
Prions
Lactose
Phytanic Acid
Avidin
Vitamins of Animal Origin
References
Food Toxicants from Aquatic Animals
Shellfish Toxicants
Fish Toxins
References
Pesticide Residues
Overview
Insecticides
Herbicides
Fungicides
References
Veterinary Drugs and Feed Additives
Antibiotics
Hormones
Other Veterinary Drugs
References
Toxicants Unintentionally Entering Food During Processing, Storage, and Digestion of Food
General
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Alcohols
Bacterial toxins
Biogenic Vasoactive Amines
Nitrates, Nitrites and Nitrosoamines
Acrylamide and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural
Trans Fatty Acids
Toxic Oxidation Products of PUFAs
Chlorinated Propanols
Food Contact Materials
References
Food Additives
Traditional food additives
Functional additives
References
Vitamins
General
Vitamin A. Phenomenon of smokers
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Vitamin B2
Vitamin B6
Vitamin C
Vitamin B3
Diagnosing and Therapy of Vitamin Intoxications
References
Food Adulterations
What is Food Adulteration?
Melamime and Cyanuric Acid
AnisatineToxic Oil Syndrome
Epidemic Dropsy
References
Biography
Tõnu Püssa