Rivers are complex entities. In addition to being valuable wildlife habitats, they support human activities by providing water for human usage, renewable energy and convenient transportation. Rivers may also pose threats to riverine communities, in the form of floods and other natural or man-induced hazards.
Contemporary societies recognize their responsibility in ensuring the sustainable use of rivers and in preserving river’s intrinsic ecological and landscape values. This obligation is often in conflict with riverine economic exploitation and with risk management concerns. As a discipline, Fluvial Hydraulics makes a significant contribution to the development of strategies for sustainable river use by providing new modelling tools and engineering techniques based on advances in phenomenological understanding and in computational modelling.
River Flow 2012 comprises the Proceedings of the sixth edition of the International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics, organized under the auspices of the Committee on Fluvial Hydraulics of the International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR). The book covers issues such as river hydrodynamics, morphodynamics and sediment transport. Other contributions describe interdisciplinary approaches and experiences, particularly regarding interfacial activities involving environmental sciences and information technologies. River Flow 2012 contains the most recent theoretical accomplishments, numerical developments, experimental investigations and field studies in Fluvial Hydraulics. It is an excellent resource for researchers, civil and environmental engineers, and practitioners in river-related disciplines.
Preface
Organization
Organizing institutions and sponsor
Acknowledgement
VOLUME 1
Keynotes
Performance review of Jamuna Bridge River training works 1997–2009
G.J. Klaassen, H. van Duivendijk & M.H. Sarker
Fluvial influence on estuaries and coastal wetlands
G.M.E. Perillo
Problems and researches on eco-hydraulics and eco-sedimentation
Z.-Y.Wang & M. Xu
A. River hydrodynamics
A.1 Turbulent open channel flow & transport of sediments
Numerical investigation of flow structure and shear stress over fixed dunes
S. Attar & S.S. Li
Similarities and differences of fluvial shallow mixing layers
A. Dudill, J.D. Shucksmith &W. Brevis
3D flow structure in a sand bed stream with riparian vegetation
S. Gorrick & J.F. Rodríguez
Exchanges between river flow and its side basins
S. Karimpour Ghannadi &V.H. Chu
Computations of unsteady river flows around a bridge pier by shallow multi-level grid model
I. Kimura, S. Saito &Y. Shimizu
Influence of bluff body wake structure on fish preferred holding locations
R.W.J. Lacey & J.L. van Leeuwen
Turbulence anisotropy in a compound meandering channel
I. Mera, M.J. Franca, J. Anta & E. Peña
Visualizing the variation in normality of a turbulent velocity field
A. Nichols & S.J. Shepherd
Mean flow field around a boulder within a fully submerged boulder array
T. Papanicolaou, A.G. Tsakiris & C.M. Kramer
Higher-order moments of velocity fluctuations in an open channel flow with mobile bedforms
H. Prashanth Reddy, V. Roussinova, R. Balachandar &T. Bolisetti
Computations on meandering compound channel flows using 3D URANS model 1
R. Shimada, I. Kimura, Y. Shimizu & R. Inoue
Bursting and flow kinematics in natural streams
A.N. Sukhodolov &V.I. Nikora
A.2 Flow resistance & bed roughness
Numerical modelling of rapidly varying flow over weir-like obstacles during high water stages
S. Ali,W.S.J. Uijttewaal & I. Kimura
Shock wave/boundary layer interaction in hydraulic jumps in very large channels
M. Ben Meftah, F. De Serio & M. Mossa
2-D numerical modeling of water flow over a gravel bar
M. Jaballah, B. Camenen, A. Paquier & M. Jodeau
Intense bed-load friction and transport: The effect of concentration
V. Matoušek & J. Krupiˇcka
Integration of a dune roughness model with a large-scale flow model
A.J. Paarlberg & R.M.J. Schielen
Modelling the influence of macrophyte patches on river flow
P. Rameshwaran & P.S. Naden
Turbulence characteristics of rough open channel flow subjected to bed injection
V. Roussinova & R. Balachandar
Simulation of macro resistance in steep mountain stream
T.Wang &V.H. Chu
Bed form evolution under varying discharges, flume versus field
J.J.Warmink, C.M. Dohmen-Janssen & R.M.J. Schielen
A.3 Overbank flows & vegetation
An experimental study of drag forces acting on flexible plants
J. Aberle &A. Dittrich
Numerical modelling of overbank flood routing
J.B. Abril, M.S. Altinakar &Y. Jia
Influence of vegetation on compound-channel turbulent field
R. Azevedo, J.B. Leal & L. Rojas-Solórzano
Flow in skewed compound channels with rough floodplains
D. Bousmar, T. Jacqmin, S.Wyseur & S. Van Emelen
LES of flow past a porous cylinder
K.S. Chang & G. Constantinescu
Vegetated flows: drag force and velocity profiles for foliated plant stands
J. Jalonen, J. Järvelä & J. Aberle
Turbulent flows in a compound open channel with emergent vegetation
Y. Kawahara, F. Jahra & F. Hasegawa
Errors in 2-D modelling using a 0th order turbulence closure for compound channel flows
F. Linde, A. Paquier, S. Proust &Y. Peltier
Energy dissipation of flows in vegetated patches with spatially varying stem density
A.M. Ricardo, M.J. Franca, A. Schleiss & R.M.L. Ferreira
Modeling of vegetated rivers for inbank and overbank flows
K. Shiono, M. Takeda, K. Yang, Y. Sugihara &T. Ishigaki
Unsteady flow in natural compound channel: experiment and simulation
F.J.M. Simões & P.J. Kinzel
Dynamics of turbulent flow along and behind vegetation patches: Field experiments
T.A. Sukhodolova &A.N. Sukhodolov
Characteristics of local erosion and deposition with a patch of vegetation
H. Suk Kim, I. Kimura &Y. Shimizu
Propagation of a gravity current in an aquatic canopy: Insights from Large Eddy Simulations
A. Yuksel Ozan, G. Constantinescu &T. Tokyay
Application of a porous media approach for vegetation flow resistance
P. Zinke
A.4 Unsteady open channel flow & dambreak
Turbulence measurements in dam-break flows
R. Aleixo, Y. Zech & S. Soares-Frazão
Two-dimensional hydrodynamic dam break simulation on the Camú river, Dominican Republic
E. James Nelson & R. Jones
Submerged and un-submerged flow through dam breach
S. Karimpour Ghannadi &V.H. Chu
A.5 Interaction with structures
Scour around a variably submerged barb in a gravel bed stream
F. Bressan &A.N. Thanos Papanicolaou
Hydro- and morphodynamics tracking of the evolution of a culvert-attached scour hole
H.-C. Ho, A. Firoozfar & M. Muste
Modeling of flood in urban areas with a porosity model: Directional effects
M. Velickovic, Y. Zech & S. Soares-Frazão
A.6 Diffusion & dispersion process
The influence of bed roughness on the dynamics of gravity currents
H.I.S. Nogueira, C. Adduce, E. Alves & M.J. Franca
PTV-based detection of chaotic features in groyne field flushing processes
M. Zsugyel, K.G. Szabó & J. Józsa
B. River morphology & sediment transport
B.1 Mechanics of sediment transport
A settling velocity parameterization for sand/mud mixture in a 1D flow during a flushing event
G. Antoine, M. Jodeau, B. Camenen & M. Esteves
Tentative measurements of bedload transport in an energetic alpine gravel bed river
B. Camenen, M. Jaballah, T. Geay, P. Belleudy, J.B. Laronne & J.P. Laskowski
Experimental study of ripple formation
Y. Cui & J.C.Wells
Experimental bedload sorting at the particle scale on steep slopes
P. Frey &T. Martin
Tidal bore: Eulerian velocities and suspended sediment concentration measurements
L. Furgerot, D. Mouaze, B. Tessier & J.C. Brun-Cottan
Steep flume experiments with large immobile boulders and wide grain size distribution as encountered in alpine torrents
T. Ghilardi & A.J. Schleiss
Sediment erosion a numerical and experimental study
C. Goniva, K. Gruber & C. Kloss
Spatio-temporal variability of bedload transport
H. Habersack, A. Kreisler, J. Aigner, M. Liedermann & H. Seitz
Theoretical basis for Rosgen’s Pagosa good/fair equation
D.D. Hinton, R.H. Hotchkiss &T.P. Ballestero
Flow induced pressure fluctuations with a gravel bed
M. Jaeger & G. Smart
Adaptive roughness approach for 2D long-term morphodynamic simulation
R. Klar, L. Umach, S. Achleitner & M. Aufleger
Influence of depot size on bed load transport velocity over static armour layers
Kl. Koll & Ka. Koll
A continuous vertical grain sorting model for Telemac & Sisyphe
U.H. Merkel & R. Kopmann
Bed load movement over a fully developed armor layer – A tracer experiment
S. Spiller, N. Rüther, Kl. Koll & Ka. Koll
Incipient motion of non-cohesive particles in yield stress fluid flows
A. Tamburrino, D. Carrillo & C. Ihle
A meso-scale gravel tracer model for gravel-bed rivers
M. Tritthart, M. Liedermann & H. Habersack
Immobile layer formation due to vertical sorting of immobile grain size fractions
A.P. Tuijnder & J.S. Ribberink
Particle step length variation along river dunes
O.J.M. van Duin, J.S. Ribberink, C.M. Dohmen-Janssen & S.J.M.H. Hulscher
Sediment transport models to simulate erosion of overtopped earth-dikes
S. Van Emelen, L. Schmocker,W.H. Hager, S. Soares-Frazão &Y. Zech
Numerical simulation of sediment transport in open channel flow
B. Vowinckel, T. Kempe, J. Fröhlich &V.I. Nikora
Adjustment of fully-developed dunes to sudden changes in flow depth
J.D.Wiebe &A.M. Ferreira da Silva
B.2 River morphology & morphodynamics
The meandering Ucayali River, a cyclic adaptation of cutoff and planform migration
J.D. Abad, H. Montoro, C. Frias, J. Paredes & B. Peralta
One-dimensional numerical modelling of river morphology processes with non-uniform sediment
J.B. Abril, M.S. Altinakar &W.Wu
Morphological modeling of river perturbations due to hydroelectric structures at watershed scale
H. Alcayaga, P. Belleudy & C. Jourdain
Experimental analysis and numerical simulation of a gravel bed stream
A. Arias, C. Godoy &Y. Niño
A method to evaluate length and height of bed forms in vegetated beds
A. Armanini, V. Cavedon & M. Righetti
A coupled hydro-sedimentologic model to assess the advance of the Parana River Delta Front
N.D. Badano, M. Sabarots Gerbec, M. Re &A.N. Menéndez
A comprehensive field analysis of a river confluence
S. Baranya, J. Józsa, G.T. Török & N. Rüther
Glacial-lake outburst flood effects on Colonia River Morphology, Chilean Patagonia
E. Bastianon,W. Bertoldi & A. Dussaillant
Three effects of bedforms on the river bed profile
A. Blom
Numerical investigation of hydro-morphological changes due to training works in the Salzach River
M.D. Bui & P. Rutschmann
Automatic object detection to analyze the geometry of gravel grains – a free stand-alone tool
M. Detert &V.Weitbrecht
Numerical investigation of effect of flow stages and vegetation on bed morphology at a large river confluence
T.M. Dinh, I. Kimura &Y. Shimizu
Bend scour reduction induced by an air-bubble screen under live-bed conditions
V. Dugué, A.J. Schleiss & K. Blanckaert
Experimental characterization of root anchoring in non-cohesive sediment
K. Edmaier, B. Crouzy, P. Perona & P. Burlando
Field-scale experiment on migrating bar dynamics: Preliminary analysis
J.P.C. Eekhout & A.J.F. Hoitink
The transition between gravel-bed rivers and sand-bed rivers
R.M. Frings, F. Kirsch, H. Schüttrumpf & S. Vollmer
Numerical simulations of groyne influenced dunes
A. Goll & R. Kopmann
Two-phase modelling of total sediment load in fast geomorphic transients
M. Greco, M. Iervolino, A. Vacca & A. Leopardi
Sediment transport in a 90-degree diversion: Experimental and conceptual approach
A. Herrero, A. Bateman & V. Medina
On the cause of sand casting due to avulsions part 2 numerical modelling
E.M. Hooning, G.J. Klaassen & E. Mosselman
Numerical simulation of sand bar formation in downstream of back-step structure with sudden expansion
T. Hosoda & H. Shirai
Numerical simulation on bed evolution and channel migration in rivers
T. Iwasaki, Y. Shimizu & I. Kimura
Numerical discretization of the Exner equation in unsteady floods
C. Juez, J. Murillo & P. García-Navarro
Scouring depth around arch spur dike at river banks
A. Keshavarzi, H. Khabbaz & J. Ball
On the cause of sand casting due to avulsions part 1 analytical approach
G.J. Klaassen & E.M. Hooning
The role of intra-event scale bed morphodynamics for riverbank erosion
M. Klösch, B. Blamauer & H. Habersack
Modelling bank erosion in fluvial channels
Y.G. Lai, B.P. Greimann & K.Wu
Braided channel morphological changes derived from a combined analysis of multidate airborne LiDAR and archive aerial photographs
S. Lallias-Tacon, F. Liébault & H. Piégay
The Moiré method applied to sediment transport in a small-scale braided river
P. Leduc, H. Bellot, A. Recking & M. Naaim
Characteristics of meanders and oxbow lakes in Qinghai-Tibet plateau
Z.W. Li, Z.-Y.Wang & L. Liu
Validation of video monitoring technique to measure wood transport in a river
B.J. MacVicar & H. Piégay
Padma River morphodynamics near Padma Bridge
D.G. McLean, J.A. Vasquez, K. Oberhagemann & M.H. Sarker
Numerical exploration of navigability in anabranches around a large fluvial island
F.C.R. Melman, E. Mosselman, J.L. Jimenez Osorio & A. Montes Arboleda
Simultaneous, co-located measurements of flow velocity and sediment concentration over mobile dunes
S. Naqshband, J.S. Ribberink, S.J.M.H. Hulscher & D. Hurther
Using computational modeling of river flow with remotely sensed data to Infer Channel Bathymetry
J.M. Nelson, R.R. McDonald, P.J. Kinzel & Y. Shimizu
1-D long term simulation of the Paraná River morphodynamics in the light of climate variability
M. Nones, G. Di Silvio, M. Guerrero & L. Pastorello
Quasi-3D modelling of bed shear stresses at high curvature
W. Ottevanger,W.S.J. Uijttewaal & K. Blanckaert
Morphological modelling of side channels: A comparison between an analytical and numerical approach
R.M.J. Schielen, D.R. van Putten, C.F. van der Mark & J.S. Ribberink
Effect of sediment entrainment and avalanching on modeling of Grand Canyon eddy bars
K.C.J. Sloff, B. Nieuwboer, B. Logan & J. Nelson
Development of a rapid assessment tool for river bank erosion
A. Spruyt, R.A.M. van der Sligte, C.F. van der Mark, A. Sieben & E. Mosselman
Contributions, possibilities and limitations in fluvial eco-hydromorphology
R.Y. Tatis Muvdi & J. Stamm
The influence of fluvial and maritime processes in shaping the eastern coast of the upper Rio de la Plata estuary
L. Teixeira, I. Piedra-Cueva & S. Solari
A method for systematic assessment of the morphodynamic response to removal of bank protection
C.F. van der Mark, R.A.M. van der Sligte, A. Becker, E. Mosselman & H.J. Verheij
Modeling stratigraphy formed by prograding Gilbert deltas
E. Viparelli, A. Blom & G. Parker
Study on mesoscale bed form in the Ganges reach dominated by suspended sediment
A. Yorozuya, MD. S. Rahman & S. Egashira
Detailed modelling of river morphological response to climate change scenarios
M.F.M. Yossef & K. Sloff
Author index
VOLUME 2
B.3 Sedimentation in reservoirs
Numerical analysis of sediment transport processes in a reservoir
G. Harb, C. Dorfmann, J. Schneider, S. Haun & H. Badura
3D numerical simulation of the flushing process in the Angostura reservoir
S. Haun, N.R.B. Olsen, C.R. Rodríguez Meza & L. Lizano
Sediment transport modelling of a reservoir drawdown, example of Tolla reservoir
M. Jodeau & S. Menu
Numerical analysis of hydraulic characteristics in a dry dam
Y. Murata, I. Kimura, Y. Shimizu & S. Kawamura
Watershed erosion evaluation of empirical and physical models at Aguacate Reservoir
E.J. Nelson, J.E. McCarthy, M. Paudel & F. Perez
Tarbela Dam in Pakistan. Case study of reservoir sedimentation
M. Roca
B.4 Sediment-structure interaction
The morphology of an evolving scour hole around a bridge pier
P. Bouratsis, P. Diplas, C.L. Dancey & N. Apsilidis
Hydrological and hydraulic characterization in semi arid zones. Analysis of model type, basin size and sediment transport formulae
L.G. Castillo & M.D. Marin
Statistical analysis of fractal scaling for flow structure around circular bridge pier
A. Keshavarzi & J. Ball
Effect of spacing and skew-angle on clear-water scour at pier alignments
R. Lança, C. Fael, R. Maia, J. Pêgo &A.H. Cardoso
Evaluation of local scour depth around complex bridge piers
M. Moreno, R. Maia, L. Couto &A. Cardoso
3D determination of the scour evolution around a bridge pier by photogrammetric means
C. Rapp, K. Eder & U. Stilla
Scouring processes around a semi-circular nose pier with attack angles
M. Romero, N. Canedo & R. Segales
Experiments on ecohydraulic parameters at unstructured block ramps
S. Tamagni, V.Weitbrecht & R.M. Boes
B.5 Transport & fate of pollutants in rivers
Probable maximum flood inundation modeling: a case study in southern Virginia
W.J. Kingston, C.F. Castro-Bolinaga, E.R. Zavaleta & P. Diplas
Assessment of analytical models for simulating continuous time series of suspended particulate matter concentration in regulated rivers
M. Launay, J. Le Coz, H. Angot & M. Coquery
B.6 Debris & hyperconcentrated flow
High-speed debris-flows generating 2D impulse waves: Experimental analysis
F. Bregoli, A. Bateman Pinzón &V. Medina
An experimental study of hyperconcentrated flows
C. Le Bouteiller, F. Naam & N. Mathys
C. River engineering
C.1 Flow management & flood control
Simultaneous prediction of rating curves and junction split flow relationships in a natural river network
J.B. Abril & D.W. Knight
Distributed flow guided hydraulic modeling of a desert river system for flood control
I. Ahmed & R.M. Gerlach
Importance of river bank and floodplain slopes on the accuracy of flood inundation mapping
S.A. Brandt & N.J. Lim
Control of a single reach with model predictive control
M. Breckpot, B. De Moor & O.M. Agudelo
A hydrologic and hydrodynamic modeling approach for flood risk assessment
C. de Gonzalo, J.C. Robredo & J.A. Mintegui
Erosion protection of barrier beach strips between river-fed lagoons and the sea
V.J.E. Den Boer, F.C.R. Melman, S. Post, E. Mosselman, J. Denham & C. Fernandez
Some considerations on reproducing flash floods using one water stage hydrograph at one site
T. Hosoda, H. Shirai & A. Saif
Prediction of Discharge in a meandering channel using ANFIS
S. Moharana & K.K. Khatua
Building a 2-D model for the floods in the inner delta of Niger River
G. Roy, A. Paquier, G. Belaud & J.P. Baume
Effect of sediment diameter on plane dike breach shape and on breach discharge
L. Schmocker & W.H. Hager
Driftwood retention in large rivers – a new concept
V.Weitbrecht & L. Schmocker
Flood probability mapping by means of conceptual modeling
V.Wolfs, N. Van Steenbergen & P.Willems
C.2 River habitat management & river restoration
Turbulent flow around box groyne with a longitudinal block
F. Cai & A. Tominaga
Optimization of ecologically oriented structures in a small urban river
C. Lange, Q. Zhang & R. Hinkelmann
Habitat suitability simulation of theYangtze River’s four major carp species
A.Y.J. Yi & B.S.H. Zhang
C.3 Physical & numerical modelling in river engineering
Hydraulic analysis of transcritical flow in a drop structure applying 1D and 2D numerical models in comparison with a reduced-scale physical model
J.B. Abril
Historic changes in the Salt River bed stability and its implications on a flood control levee design
I. Ahmed & G.E. Freeman
Density current migration around a sluice gate
R. Akahori &Y. Yoshikawa
Development of the iRIC Software for River analysis
K. Asahi, Y. Yoshida, H. Tsunematsu, Y. Shimizu & J. Nelson
Flow under ice cover and jam effects
D. Carstensen
Evaluation of the applicability of a coupled model of groundwater and surface flow using field data
D. Caviedes-Voullième, M. González-Sanchis, P. García-Navarro, J. Murillo, E. González & F. Comín
Role of bed elevation discordance at 90◦ straight-channel confluences
D. Ðordevic
Comparison between standard and non-linear k-ε turbulence models for three-dimensional simulation of turbulent flow in a meandering open channel
B. Fraga, L. Cea, E. Peña & L. Davidson
MASCARET: A 1-D open-source software for flow hydrodynamic and water quality in open channel networks
N. Goutal, J.-M. Lacombe, F. Zaoui & K. El-Kadi-Abderrezzak
Simulation of sediment transport upon dam removal
B.P. Greimann & Y.G. Lai
Modeling the effect of dumping of fine sediment at the Danube River
M. Haimann, M. Tritthart & H. Habersack
Numerical discretization of friction term in unsteady mud/debris floods
J. Murillo & P. García-Navarro
Simulation and POD analysis of the flow field in a reach of the Hudson River Estuary
T.N.M. Phan, J.C.Wells,W.D. Kirkey, M.S. Islam, C.B. Fuller, T.O. Ojo & J.S. Bonner
Uncertainty in 2D flood plain modeling concerning varying distribution of tributary bed loads and rainfall
M. Ploerer, S. Achleitner, B. Gems & M. Aufleger
Discretisation methods of grading curves at morphodynamic computations
L. Umach, R. Klar, S. Achleitner & M. Aufleger
Assessment of model improvement actions in river hydrodynamic modelling
N. Van Steenbergen & P.Willems
Hydraulic modeling for the Padma River Bridge
J.A. Vasquez, D.G. McLean, V.F. O’Connor & A. Zimmermann
Evaluation of strategies for the acceleration of morphodynamic simulations against the background of waterways maintenance
S.Wurms & P.M. Schröder
C.4 Navigation waterways and dredging
The effect of river training structures on flood heights on the Middle Mississippi River
E.J. Brauer
Preparing self supporting river systems: How to cope with excessive maintenance dredging?
S. van Vuren & H. Havinga
C.5 Innovative field & laboratory instrumentation
Optical techniques for surface velocity and bed elevation measurements in a fluvial physical scale model
K. El-Kadi-Abderrezzak, A. Die Moran, M. Jodeau & F. Lebert
Comparison of discharge measurements acquired with ADCP in a moving vessel and fixed vessel techniques in amazon river basin
P.E.M. Gamaro, L.H. Maldonado & K.A. Lima
Stage-discharge hysteresis evidenced by multi-ADCP measurements
J. Le Coz, K. Pobanz, J.-B. Faure, G. Pierrefeu, B. Blanquart & Y. Choquette
Characterization of shallow flows using novel acoustic instrumentation
A. Nichols, S.J. Tait & K.V. Horoshenkov
Detection of erosion/deposition depth using a passive RFID technology
A.N. Papanicolaou, I.V. Moustakidis & A.G. Tsakiris
C.6 Bank erosion, scour & protection
Estimation of rock erosion in channels, bridge piers and hydraulic jumps
J.D. Brea, P.D. Spalletti & J. Heck
Impact of ship waves on the sediment transport in a nature friendly bank protection
S. De Roo, L. Vanhaute & P. Troch
The rap on river banks: Protecting river banks with loose rock riprap
D.C. Froehlich
Failure risk analysis of riverbank ripraps with Monte Carlo simulation
M. Jafarnejad, M. Pfister & A.J. Schleiss
Characteristics of pier scour in cohesive sediments
R.K. Jain, U.C. Kothyari & A. Kumar
Quantifying the effect of sediment compaction on pier scour
O. Link, K. Klischies, P. Arriagada, G. Montalva & A. Stehr
Author index
Biography
Murillo Munoz, Rafael
