1st Edition

Smart Structures Innovative Systems for Seismic Response Control

    672 Pages 219 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    An innovative concept, smart structural systems have proven to be extremely effective in absorbing damaging energy and/or counteracting potentially devastating force, thus limiting structural collapse and subsequent injury. As this technology rapidly evolves, there is an ever-increasing need for an authoritative reference that will allow those in the field to stay abreast of the very latest advances.

    Smart Structures: Innovative Systems for Seismic Response organizes current research and technology to provide researchers and practicing engineers, as well as advanced students, with the means to learn about and apply the very latest smart structure innovations. Key features include—

  • Complete mathematical formulations and numerical procedures for topics presented
  • New technologies
  • Design guidelines and examples based on current official codes
  • Consideration of smart structures on a variety of foundations
  • Discussion of the use of smart structures with passive or semi-active devices
  • Extensive references
  • Designed for self-teaching, the text emphasizes essential information on structural formulations, mechanism of control systems, and numerical algorithms. It also provides step-by-step numerical examples to illustrate mathematical formulations and interpret physical representations, enabling readers to understand the forumulae vis-à-vis their applications. Each chapter comprehensively explores a specific topic, from smart structure systems currently in use, to case studies utilizing simulated earthquake data.

    Preface Acknowledgements
    About the Authors
    Basic Concept of Smart Structure Systems
    Introduction
    Basic Principles of Smart Structure Technology for Seismic Response Control
    History of Smart Structure Technology for Seismic Response Control
    Base Isolation Systems
    Passive Energy Dissipation Systems
    Semi-Active Damper Systems
    Active Control Systems
    Hybrid Control Systems
    Base Isolation Systems
    Basic Concepts of Seismically Isolated Building Structures
    Base Isolator Mechanical Characteristics and Computer Modeling Techniques
    Code Requirements for Design of Seismically Isolated Structures
    Dynamic Analysis Procedure
    Design Examples
    Testing Verification and Determination of Isolator Properties
    Damping Systems
    Basic Concepts of Building Structures with Damping Systems
    Analysis Procedures and Code Requirements
    Design Examples
    Testing Verification and Determination of Damping Device Properties
    Smart Seismic Structures Using Active Control Systems
    Analytical Model of Smart Seismic Structures with Active Control
    Classical Optimal Control Algorithms for Smart Seismic Structures
    Development of Active Control Algorithms for Seismic Smart Structures
    Concluding Remarks
    Smart Seismic Structures Using Semiactive and Hybrid Control Systems
    Dynamic Model of Control Devices for Semiactive and Hybrid Systems
    Dynamic Model of Smart Seismic Structures with Semiactive or Hybrid Control
    Control Strategy and System Stability
    Effectiveness of HDABC System for Seismic Response Control
    Implementation of Hybrid Control for Smart Seismic Structures
    Sensing and Data Acquisition Systems for Smart Seismic Structures
    Common Sensors for Smart Seismic Structures
    Sensing, Data Acquisition, and Digital Control Systems
    Seismic Observer Technique
    Optimal Device Placement for Smart Seismic Structures
    Introduction
    Optimal Actuator Placement for Smart Seismic Structures with Active Control
    Statistical Method for Optimal Device Placement of Smart Seismic Structures
    Summary
    Active Control Considering Soil-Structure Interaction
    Motion Equation of Actively Controlled Structure with Soil-Structure Interaction
    State Equation of SSI—Model and Solution Technique
    Generalized Optimal Active Control Algorithm for the SSI System
    Soil Properties and Wave Equations
    Stiffness Coefficients of Horizontal Layer and Half Plane
    Dynamic-Stiffness Matrices of Ground System
    Numerical Illustrations
    Computer Solutions for Building Structures with and without Control
    Summary and Concluding Remarks
    Hybrid Control of Structures on Shallow Foundation with Existing and Generated Earthquakes
    Introduction
    Structural Formulation with HDABC
    State Space Formulation of HDABC Systems with and without SSI
    Numerical Examples Using MATLAB
    Extreme Value Distribution
    Ground Motion Generation
    Case Studies Using Generated Earthquakes
    Concluding Remarks
    Appendix A: MATLAB
    Appendix B: Green’s Function
    Appendix C: Element Stiffness and Mass Coefficients

    Biography

    Franklin Y. Cheng, Hongping Jiang, Kangyu Lou