1st Edition

Solar Power for the World What You Wanted to Know about Photovoltaics

Edited By Wolfgang Palz Copyright 2014
    800 Pages 268 Color & 68 B/W Illustrations
    by Jenny Stanford Publishing

    The book describes the industrial revolution associated with the implementation of electric power generation by photovoltaics (PV). The book’s editor and contributing authors are among the leading pioneers in PV from its industrial birth in 1954 all the way up to the stormy developments during the first decade of the new century. The book describes the dramatic events in industry between 2009 and 2013 and puts all this into perspective. It concludes that solar power is yet to strengthen its role in technology and in mainstream of the world’s economy.

    List of Contributors
    Hymn to the Sun
    Introduction to Solar Power for theWorld
    PARTI ALIFE FOR PV: WOLFGANG PALZ’S NOTABLE ROLE IN DEVELOPMENT
    FROM THE EARLY DAYS UNTIL NOW
    1 The Rising Sun in a Developing World
    Wolfgang Palz
    1.1 Electric Power, a Pillar of Modern Society
    1.1.1 Electricity in Today’s Life
    1.1.2 The ConventionalWorld of Electricity
    1.1.3 Solar PV: A Part of the New Semiconductor
    World
    1.2 Looking Back to Light the Future
    1.2.1 The Emergence of Electricity
    1.2.2 From the "Voltaic Pile" to the Photovoltaic Cell
    1.2.3 Photovoltaic Power: The First Steps
    1.3 Solar Power for Space Satellites
    1.4 First Ideas about Lighting with Solar Power
    1.4.1 Mutations of the Societies in the US and Europe
    1.4.2 A New Awareness for Solar Power
    1.4.3 The Oil-Price Shocks and the Nuclear Disaster
    of 1986
    1.5 After the Vision: A Mountain of Challenges
    1.5.1 PV in the Starting Blocks in 1973
    1.5.2 The Cost Problem: Technological Challenges
    1.5.3 The Chicken and Egg Problem: Mass
    Production
    1.5.4 Entrenched Energy Strategies and Politics
    1.5.5 Against Dominant Allocations of State Budgets
    1.5.6 Administrations
    1.5.7 Energy Pay-Back Time and Module Lifetime
    1.5.8 Intermittency of Supply
    1.5.9 Environmental Challenges
    1.6 Leadership
    1.6.1 The Pioneering Role of the US
    1.6.2 France: A European Solar Pioneer
    1.6.3 PV Start-Up in Germany
    1.6.4 PV Ups and Downs in Japan
    1.6.5 UNESCO
    1.6.6 The European Union
    1.6.7 The G8
    1.6.8 The Energy Empire Fights Back
    2 Solar Power for the World
    Wolfgang Palz
    2.1 Basics for a New Solar Age
    2.1.1 The Ethical Imperative of Photovoltaics
    2.1.2 Cost and Social Acceptance: Ingredients for a
    Viable Energy Strategy
    2.1.3 PV as Part of a Holistic Approach towards
    Renewable Energy Implementation and Energy
    Conservation
    2.1.4 What about the Power Plants on the Road?
    2.1.4.1 Car drivers and their power plants
    2.1.4.2 Mobilising PV for transport
    2.2 Driving Forces
    2.2.1 Aspirations of the People
    2.2.2 Preserving Nature and Alleviating Climate
    Change
    2.2.3 Peak Oil
    2.2.4 Energy Security of Supply
    2.3 The Role of Stakeholders in Society
    2.3.1 Governments and Administrations
    2.3.2 Industry and Finance
    2.3.3 PV Costs and Benefits for Society: A Special
    Role for the Grid Operators
    2.4 A New Energy Paradigm
    2.4.1 Centralised or Decentralised PV
    2.4.2 What Role Can Conventional Power Utilities
    Play?
    2.4.3 Communities and Regions Mastering Their
    Own Energy Supply
    2.4.4 The Autonomous Energy House: Solar
    Architecture and the Building Industry
    2.5 Power for the People
    2.5.1 Starting a Global Strategy: 10Watts per Head
    2.5.2 PV for the People in the IndustrialisedWorld
    2.5.3 PV for the People in the Solar Belt
    2.6 Power for the Poor
    2.6.1 Getting Involved
    2.6.2 PV Power for the Poor in the Developing
    Countries
    2.6.3 Power for the Poor in the Industrialised
    Countries
    2.7 Power for Peace
    3 PV Today and Forever
    Wolfgang Palz
    3.1 Solar Power 2009–10: AWealth of Achievements
    3.1.1 The Global PV Markets 2009–10
    3.1.2 Political, Financial, and Industrial Environment
    3.1.3 The Technology Boom Goes On
    3.2 Outlook
    3.2.1 On the Threshold of Commercial Viability
    3.2.2 Outlook towards 2020
    3.2.3 PV as Part of a 100 Percent Renewable Energy
    World
    3.3 Conclusions
    PART II THE BEGINNING OF PV IN THE UNITED STATES
    4 EarlyWork on Photovoltaic Devices at the Bell Telephone
    Laboratories
    Morton B. Prince
    5 Terrestrial Photovoltaic Industry: The Beginning
    Peter F. Varadi
    6 Bringing the Oil Industry into the Picture
    Karl Wolfgang B¨oer
    7 The Story of SunPower
    Richard M. Swanson
    7.1 Introduction
    7.2 The Beginnings of Terrestrial PV
    7.3 My Early Years
    7.4 Formation of SunPower
    7.5 Concentrators
    7.6 Race Cars
    7.7 Optical Detectors
    7.8 The PV Business Takes Off
    7.9 Airplanes
    7.10 Project Mercury
    7.11 A New Plan
    7.12 Cypress
    7.13 Goodbye Concentrators
    7.14 Becoming a Manufacturer
    7.15 Polarization
    7.16 IPO
    7.17 PowerLight
    7.18 Epilog
    8 History of Technologies, Development for Solar Silicon Cost
    Reduction
    Frederick Schmid
    8.1 Introduction
    8.2 Development of HEM and FAST for Reducing the
    Cost of SiliconWafers
    8.3 FAST Development
    8.4 Development of Technology for Reducing Silicon
    Meltstock
    8.5 Summary
    9 Solar Cell Development Work at COMSAT Laboratories
    (1967–1975)
    Denis J. Curtin
    10 The IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference
    Americo F. (Moe) Forestieri
    10.1 Brief History of the US IEEE PVSC and the William
    R. Cherry Committee
    10.2 8th PVSC: The 1970 PVSC in Seattle,Washington,
    by Joseph Loferski
    10.3 12th PVSC: 1976 Baton Rouge, Louisiana,
    by Americo Forestieri
    PART III PV STARTING A SOLAR AGE IN EUROPE
    11 Initiating a Solar Revolution in Germany
    Hermann Scheer
    12 My Solar Age Started with Tchernobyl
    Franz Alt
    12.1 Solar Policy Is Social Policy
    13 Will This Work? Is It Realistic? Thoughts and Acts of a
    Political Practitioner with a Solar Vision
    Hans-Josef Fell
    13.1 MyWay of Solar Thinking
    13.2 Being Called a Solar Do-Gooder and Unrealistic
    Politician
    13.3 Some Important Steps of My Life Illustrate the
    Persistence of My SolarWay
    13.4 And How Is It Today?
    14 The Role of Research Institutes for the Promotion of PV:
    The Case of Fraunhofer ISE (Institute of Solar Energy
    Systems)
    Adolf Goetzberger
    15 PV in Berlin—How it All Began: The Story of Solon, Q-Cells.
    PV in Brazil
    Stefan Krauter
    16 The Kick-Off PV Programme in Germany: The One
    Thousand PV Roofs Programme
    Walter Sandtner
    17 The Story of Developing Solar Glass Fac¸ades
    Joachim Benemann
    18 PV in Europe, from 1974 to 2009: A Personal Experience
    Helmut Kiess
    18.1 Insight Period: 1974–1988
    18.2 Innovation Period during the Decade 1988–1998
    18.2.1 State of the Art in 1988: Some Details
    18.2.2 The Decade between 1988 and 1998
    18.2.3 State of the Art in 1998: Some Details
    18.3 Innovation and Industrial Production during the
    Decade between 1998 and 2008
    18.3.1 State of the Art in 2008: Some Details
    18.4 Epilogue
    19 France Did NotWant to Look for the Sun
    Alain Li´ebard and Yves-Bruno Civel
    20 More Electricity for Less CO2
    Yves Bamberger
    20.1 Electric Eco-Efficient End-Uses
    20.2 Achieving an Ever Lower-Carbon Electricity Mix
    with Nuclear and Renewables
    20.3 Networks: A Tool for Pooling Production and
    Integrating Renewable Energies
    20.4 Carbon-Free Electric Mix as an Opportunity to
    Develop New Industrial Facilities
    21 The History of Renewable Energies in the Canary Islands,
    Especially in Tenerife
    Ricardo Melchior and Manuel Cendagorta
    22 WhyWas Switzerland Front-Runner for PV in the 90s but
    Lost the Leadership after 2000?
    Thomas Nordmann
    23 Solar Power in Geneva, Switzerland
    Philippe Verburgh
    23.1 A First-Class Solar Potential
    23.2 The "5 MW Solar" Project and the "SIG Vitale
    Range"
    23.3 A Sunny Future for Geneva
    24 The PV World Conference in Vienna
    Wolfgang Hein
    25 Abandoning Nuclear in Favor of Renewable Energies: The
    Life Story of Giuliano Grassi—Florence, Italy
    Giuliano Grassi
    25.1 First Period: Beginning of My Professional Activity
    as Engineer
    25.2 Second Period: Transition from Electro-Mechanical
    to Nuclear Activity
    25.3 Third Period: Renewable Energies
    25.4 Concluding Remarks
    PART IV PV IN ASIA: A DRAGON ISWAKING UP
    26 PV in Japan: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow 417
    Osamui Ikki and Izumi Kaizuka
    26.1 History
    26.2 Current Status of PV in Japan
    26.3 New Support Framework for PV
    26.4 Conclusion
    27 Leaders of the Early Days of the Chinese Solar Industry
    Qin Haiyan
    27.1 Turning a Dream into a Reality: The Story of
    Huang Ming
    27.2 The Richest Man in China: The Story of Shi
    Zhengrong
    27.3 Internationalization and a Traditional Chinese Soul:
    The Story of Miao Liansheng
    27.4 Development Led by Technology: The Story of
    Gao Jifan
    28 Review of China’s Solar PV Industry in 2009
    Gao Hu
    29 Lighting theWorld: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow
    Biswajit Ghosh
    29.1 Light and Energy
    29.2 Path toward Initiatives on PV Research
    29.3 PV in India and International Scientific
    Cooperation
    29.4 Lighting the Remote
    29.5 Views of the Author
    PARTV PVFOR A BETTER DEVELOPING WORLD
    30 Photovoltaics in the World Bank Group Portfolio
    Anil Cabraal
    30.1 World Bank Group Photovoltaics Projects
    30.2 Business Models for Off-Grid Service
    30.3 Key Lessons of Experience
    30.4 Guidelines for Designing Sustainable Off-Grid
    Projects
    30.5 Future Support for Photovoltaics
    31 Illiterate Rural Grandmothers Solar-Electrifying Their Own
    Villages
    Bunker Roy
    31.1 Ground-Breaking Innovation in the Field of
    Technology
    31.2 Sustainable Development: Now and in the Future
    31.3 Innovation and Its Practical Application
    31.4 Demystifying of 21st Century Technology in
    19th Century Conditions—Management, Control
    and Ownership in the Hands of the Rural Poor
    around theWorld
    31.5 Present and Future Impact of Innovation: Number
    of People Affected
    31.5.1 Renewable Energy
    31.5.2 Continent of Africa
    31.5.3 Global
    31.5.3.1 Providing an answer to a major
    challenge-tackling global climate
    change from the community level
    32 Early PV Markets and Solar Solutions in South Asia
    Neville Williams
    33 Photovoltaic Power Systems for Lifting Women Out of
    Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Dominique Campana
    33.1 Solar Energy against the "Energy Poverty" Trap
    33.2 In Conclusion
    34 Promoting PV in Developing Countries
    Bernard McNelis
    34.1 Looking at Solar
    34.2 Into PV
    34.3 Into All Things Solar
    34.4 Into Intermediate Technology
    34.5 Into Africa
    34.6 Global Solar Pumping Programme
    34.7 IT Power
    34.8 Mali
    34.9 Dominican Republic
    34.10 China
    34.11 Robert Hill
    34.12 EPIA
    34.13 World Bank,Washington, Corruption
    34.14 Other Countries, People, Institutions
    34.15 Where DoWe Go from Here?
    PART VI PV FOR THEWORLD
    35 On the International Call for Photovoltaics of 2008
    Daniel Lincot
    36 AWorld Network for Solar R&D: ISES
    Monica Oliphant
    37 Three Steps to a Solar System: From 1% to 40% and 100%
    Harry Lehmann
    37.1 Equal Treatment
    37.2 A Further Step: Coming Out of the Niche
    37.3 Full Solar Supply or the "Great Transformation"
    37.4 Scenarios: A Look into the Present and the
    Future
    37.5 To Sum Up I Can Say: 100% Solar System Is
    Possible!
    38 SolarBank
    Michael T. Eckhart
    38.1 Landmark Solar PV Study in 1978
    38.2 Away from PV for 15 Years
    38.3 Return to Solar PV in 1995
    38.4 World Bank 1996–1998
    38.5 India 1996–2001
    38.6 South Africa 1997–2002
    38.7 Europe 1997–2004
    38.8 ACORE 2001–Present
    38.9 Bonn 2004, WIREC 2008, and IRENA
    38.10 SolarBank Looking Forward
    39 Solar Power in Practice
    Stefan Behling
    40 AWorld in Blue
    Bernd Melchior
    40.1 From Butterflies to aWorld in "Blue": How Did This
    Happen?
    40.2 New Treatment for Porous Materials to Conserve
    Monuments Like the Dome of Cologne
    40.3 Process Steps for a Treatment with the
    Autoclave
    40.4 Translucent Insulation Material
    40.5 My Start into Photovoltaic
    40.6 Changing DC Current into AC Current
    40.7 Diffuse Light Concentrator
    40.8 Tracking and Concentration Systems
    40.9 The ADS Concept: Autonomous, Decentralized,
    Sustainable
    40.10 The Blue Mountain
    40.11 ADS Robinson Club on Fuerteventura
    40.12 First Bungalow in theWorld Realized in ADS:
    "Casa Solar", Almunecar, Spain
    40.13 Solar Powered Container: 3000 km Trip to 7th EU
    Photovoltaic Solar Conference and Exhibition in
    Seville, Spain, October 1986
    40.14 A Solar Powered OrthopedicWorkshop Container
    for a Hospital in Tanzania
    40.15 Integration of Photovoltaic into Roofs: "Sunflate"
    40.16 SUNCLAY + SUNERGY: A Two-Component
    Photovoltaic System for the Harmonic, Aesthetic
    and Flexible Integration into the Architecture of
    Roof
    40.17 Next Generation Photovoltaic
    40.18 New Generation of Solar Clay Tiles
    40.19 The Combination of Solar and Wind BSWT
    41 Factory for Sale, or the Long and StonyWay to Cheap Solar
    Energy: The Story of the Thin-Film CdTe Solar Cells; First
    Solar and Others—A Semi-Autobiography
    Dieter Bonnet
    42 High Efficiency Photovoltaics for a SustainableWorld
    Antonio Luque
    42.1 Introduction
    42.2 The 2008 Spanish Boom
    42.3 A Market Forecast Model
    42.4 The FULLSPECTRUM Project and the ISFOC
    42.5 Summary
    43 Nonconventional Sensitized Mesoscopic (Gr¨atzel) Solar
    Cells
    Michael Gr¨atzel
    44 Solar Bicycles, Mercedes, Handcuffs—PlusEnergy Buildings
    Gallus Cadonau
    44.1 AWorldwide Unique Solar Decision: Tour de Sol
    44.1.1 CO2-free Hotel Ucliva in the Swiss Alps:
    1st Solarcar Race of theWorld
    44.1.2 Tour de Sol 1985: Solar Bicycles and
    Mercedes Benz
    44.1.3 First Solarcar Driving Past an Atomic
    Power Plant
    44.1.4 Geneva—Final Stage of the 1st Tour de Sol
    1985: The Power of the Sun
    44.1.5 Tour de Sol 2 in 1986: Massachusetts
    Institute of Technology in the Roadside
    Ditch
    44.1.6 Welding and Sweating Instead of
    Champagne
    44.1.7 Strong Solar Teams from Germany and the
    Swiss School of Engineering Biel
    44.1.8 Solar Cells for "Independency" or
    Terrestrial PV Utilisation?
    44.1.9 Tour 3 in 1987: Huge Interest and
    "Chermobiles"
    44.1.10 Huge International Media Coverage
    44.1.11 Tour Organisation and Its Regulations
    44.1.12 Tour de Sol Protests and Appeals in Court?
    44.1.13 Solar Mountain Race: Through 360 Curves
    to Arosa/GR
    44.2 World’s First Energy Feed-in System in
    Burgdorf/BE
    44.2.1 Tour de Sol in France: Solar Energy Instead
    of Air Pollution
    44.2.2 World’s First Energy Feed-in System in
    Burgdorf/BE: "Grid Interconnection"
    44.2.3 The Principles of Solar Energy Use: Best
    Technology or Self-Sufficiency?
    44.2.4 Tour de Sol 4 in 1988: PV Innovation and
    Financing Are Getting Broader
    44.2.5 PV on Land and onWater
    44.2.6 Solar Energy Is Getting Increasingly
    Popular Also for Groups and Managers
    44.2.7 Safety, Recuperation and Road Capability in
    Winter
    44.2.8 Solar Power: A Friendly Alternative
    44.2.9 Tour de Sol: "A Hotbed for Solar-Electric
    Mobility"
    44.2.10 Car Makers, What Have You Done in the
    Past?
    44.2.11 Tour de Sol and the International Solarcar
    Federation (ISF)
    44.2.12 Rail 2000 and Solarcars in Double-Deck
    Coaches
    44.2.13 The Ideal SOLARCAR 2000: Emission-Free
    Traffic Circulation in the 21st Century
    44.3 The Solar Alternative in Road Traffic:World Solar
    Challenge
    44.3.1 The Solar Alternative in Road Traffic
    44.3.1.1 Two hundred years after the
    French Revolution: The Solar
    Revolution (1989)
    44.3.1.2 California’s Clean Air Act,
    Zero-Emission Vehicles, PV
    Program for 1000 kW Roofs
    44.3.1.3 First alpine crossing with
    solarcars: The Sun conquers the
    Gotthard Pass in 1989
    44.3.1.4 Solarcar: A danger for 150 pigs?
    44.3.1.5 Alpine tests at the 1st European
    Championship of Alpine
    Solarcars (ASEM) in 1989
    44.3.1.6 Bea Vetterli’s solarcar in the
    mountains: downhill with more
    than 100 km/h
    44.3.1.7 St. Moritz: 1st ASEM finish and
    1st electric light in Switzerland
    44.3.1.8 The British and St. Moritz:
    Inventors of winter tourism
    44.3.1.9 Clean Energy St. Moritz: The
    overall energy concept
    44.3.1.10 Last Tour de Sol in 1991
    44.3.1.11 Solarcar world record: 148 km/h
    at the ASEM 1995
    44.3.2 World Solar Challenge in Australia and
    the US
    44.3.2.1 FirstWorld Solar Challenge in
    1987: 3005 km across Australia
    44.3.2.2 Japan’sWaterloo at the 1st WSC:
    Detlef Schmitz Missed the Start
    44.3.2.3 The SecondWorld Solar
    Challenge and its dangers in the
    Australian desert
    44.3.2.4 The "GREATEST RACE on EARTH,
    Creating a SOLUTION not
    POLLUTION"
    44.3.2.5 International Solar High-Tech
    Competition across Australia
    44.3.2.6 What technology and strategy
    was responsible for the victory?
    44.3.2.7 "Spirit of Biel": 1.8 dl (Solar) fuel
    for 100 km—55 times more
    efficient
    44.3.2.8 Great suspense and an odd cup in
    McLarens on the lake
    44.3.2.9 Detlef Schmitz: the friendly
    "Suitcase Man"
    44.3.2.10 Detlef: veteran and
    misadventurer at each WSC
    1987, 1990, 1993, 1996, 1999
    44.3.2.11 World Solar Challenge 1993:
    Japan invests millions in
    solarcars
    44.3.2.12 Honda changes its strategy for
    the WSC 1993
    44.3.2.13 WSC and Sunrayce in the US and
    other solar races in 1996
    44.4 Solar Prize, Handcuffs and PlusEnergy Buildings
    44.4.1 Swiss Solar Prize and Handcuffs
    44.4.1.1 Solar utilisation: from traffic to
    building sector
    44.4.1.2 "Solar 91: for an energyindependent
    Switzerland"
    44.4.1.3 First Solar Prize 1991 for world’s
    biggest solar surface per
    inhabitant
    44.4.1.4 Federal Councillor Adolf Ogi:
    initiative, courage and solar
    installations
    44.4.1.5 Handcuffs, excavators and solar
    electricity
    44.4.1.6 Ren´e B¨ artschi: "most successful
    Swiss governing councillor"
    44.4.1.7 Four times too much solar energy
    and a winter bathe
    44.4.1.8 European Commission, US
    Department of Energy and
    Japanese Industry
    44.4.1.9 Best integrated solar
    installations: without
    overbuilding cultural land
    44.4.1.10 The solar mission of the Federal
    Minister of Energy
    44.4.2 Solar Energy on the Rise
    44.4.2.1 European PV Conference in
    and popular initiative for solar
    energy
    44.4.2.2 European Parliament: Swiss
    Solar Prize—model for European
    Solar Prize
    44.4.2.3 Bonn-Cologne-Brussels-
    Amsterdam: more solar
    electricity than in Australia
    44.4.2.4 Federal Chancellor Vranitzky
    awards 1st European Solar Prize
    in Vienna
    44.4.2.5 Chancellor Vranitzky: "Central
    Europe free of nuclear power
    plants"
    44.4.2.6 First European Solar Prize goes
    to successful opponent of EDF
    44.4.2.7 City/Charter: implementation of
    the goals of Rio on municipality
    level
    44.4.2.8 Breakthrough in Parliament in
    1997: one CHF billion for solar
    energy
    44.4.2.9 Ucliva Agreement: first European
    Shell Solar factory in Switzerland
    44.4.3 Mephisto & Co against Solar Energy
    44.4.3.1 The wisdom of Arthur
    Schopenhauer and solar energy
    44.4.3.2 J.W. Goethe and "a very good
    dinner"—instead of solar energy
    44.4.3.3 Combat against renewable
    energies
    44.4.3.4 Millions for deception of citizens
    44.4.3.5 Economic war against innovative
    businesses
    44.4.3.6 Swiss economical functionaries:
    best work for the Chinese
    Communist Party
    44.4.3.7 Do authorities harass citizens
    that are loyal to the constitution?
    44.4.3.8 Solar energy instead of
    unconstitutional bureaucracy
    44.4.3.9 Constitutional right for solar
    building permit: new law within
    three months
    44.4.4 Market-Based Compensation for
    Renewable Energies
    44.4.4.1 Market-based compensation for
    billions of fossil-nuclear
    subsidies
    44.4.4.2 Prof. Dr. Ren´e Rhinow: best usage
    of revenues for measures
    44.4.4.3 European Court of Justice 2001:
    grid feed-in is not tax
    44.4.4.4 Democratic decision of the
    electricity consumer on energy
    investments
    44.4.5 Best Innovative Entrepreneurs for
    Sustainable Economy
    44.4.5.1 Small- and medium-sized
    entrepreneurs are the most
    innovative
    44.4.5.2 Biogas—compo-gas: 1 kg of
    banana peel = 1 km of car drive
    44.4.5.3 Solar house on the Federation
    Square: built in 22 hours
    44.4.5.4 Swiss Solar Prize for first
    PlusEnergy Building
    44.4.5.5 Shell’s solar factory in
    Gelsenkirchen: "we want to earn
    money"
    44.4.5.6 Lord Norman Foster on the 15th
    Swiss Solar Prize 2005
    44.4.5.7 PlusEnergy Buildings for Alpine
    resort: 175% Self-Supply
    44.4.5.8 Energy-intensive industrial
    PlusEnergy Building: 125%
    self-supply
    44.4.5.9 Installed PV performance: world
    leader in 1992—last in 2008
    44.4.5.10 Sustainable economy: amateur
    becomes world champion
    44.4.5.11 China could outrun all—
    economically and ecologically
    44.5 PEB Cover 75% ofWorld’s Energy Demand
    44.5.1 From Solar Collectors to PlusEnergy
    Buildings
    44.5.1.1 Conclusion of Tour de Sol, WSC as
    well as Swiss and European Solar
    Prize
    44.5.1.2 Energy efficiency: "Sine qua non"
    of PlusEnergy Buildings
    44.5.1.3 PlusEnergy Buildings (PEB) with
    a self-supply between 100% and
    200%
    44.5.1.4 PV and refurbishment of a
    6-family house: energy needs
    reduced by 90%
    44.5.1.5 PV on PlusEnergy Buildings: the
    level of building technology of
    2010
    44.5.1.6 PV and refurbishment of a
    12-family house: energy needs
    reduced by 93%
    44.5.1.7 Energy-intensive business
    buildings as PlusEnergy
    Buildings
    44.5.2 PV-PEB Cover 75% ofWorld’s Energy
    Consumption
    44.5.3 Stanford: "Clearly, Enough Renewable
    Energy Exists"
    44.5.4 First European Award for PlusEnergy
    Buildings of CHF(≈$) 100000
    Index

    Biography

    Wolfgang Palz

    "This book brings together a collection of lively, easy-to-read articles written by notable global leaders involved in the research and development of photovoltaic (PV) systems. The book is the inspiration of its editor, Prof. Wolfgang Palz, himself a true solar pioneer. In the opening chapters, Prof. Walz provides the historical context and a future vision of the world of solar power. This is followed by a compilation of contributions from numerous experts who provide entertaining and thought-provoking perspectives on PV’s history and development, including the early days of research and the gradual and, more recent, explosive growth of the technology as a global clean energy source. There are abundant stories and anecdotes about the many unique applications of PV technologies, the many scientists working to develop and market these technologies, and the key milestones in the history of this technology. This book is must reading for all who are working in the photovoltaic field and for all who are curious about the major role this technology is coming to play in our renewable energy future."

    Dave Renne, President, International Solar Energy Society

    "Solar Power for the World is quite a remarkable book as it details from many of the original pioneers the development of solar, and in particular PV, from its early beginnings to the current time. Initially photovoltaics was thought to be, by those outside of academic circles, just an interesting phenomenon of low efficiency and expensive and suitable only for use by space vehicles. However, the early visionaries laid the foundations for the multi-billion dollar industry it is now and helped develop solar to become a mainstream power source. Without the policy contributions from people like Hermann Scheer and the extension of the technologies to take in transport and storage the vision of towards 100 percent renewables for future power could not even be envisaged. This book is a great reference on the transition of thought from research to widespread public use of solar and all the different insights necessary to make the shift to low carbon energy. It is a very useful reference."

    Monica Oliphant, Research Scientist, Specialising in Renewable Energy and Residential End Use Efficiency