1st Edition
The Development of Modern Medicine in Non-Western Countries Historical Perspectives
The history of medicine in non-European countries has often been characterized by the study of their native "traditional" medicine, such as (Galenico-)Islamic medicine, and Ayurvedic or Chinese medicine. Modern medicine in these countries, on the other hand, has usually been viewed as a Western corpus of knowledge and institution, juxtaposing or replacing the native medicine but without any organic relation with the local context.
By discarding categories like Islamic, Indian, or Chinese medicine as the myths invented by modern (Western) historiography in the aftermath of the colonial and post colonial periods, the book proposes to bridge the gap between Western and 'non-Western' medicines, opening a new perspective in medical historiography in which 'modern medicine' becomes an integral part of the history of medicine in non-European countries.
Through essays and case studies of medical modernization, this volume particularly calls into question the categorization of ‘Western’ and ‘non-Western’ medicine and challenges the idea that modern medicine could only be developed in its Western birthplace and then imported to and practised as such to the rest of the world. Against the concept of a ‘project’ of modernization at the heart of the history of modern medicine in non-Western countries, the chapters of this book describe ‘processes’ of medical development by highlighting the active involvement of local elements. The book’s emphasis is thus on the ‘modernization’ or ‘construction’ of modern medicine rather that on the diffusion of ‘modern medicine’ as an ontological entity beyond the West.
1. Introduction: For a History of Modern Medicine in Non-Western Countries Hormoz Ebrahimnejad 2. Medical Experimentation in British India: The Case of Dr Helenus Scott Mark Harrison 3. The Construction of Disease Transmission in Nineteenth-Century Egypt Anne-Marie Moulin 4. The Waqf, the State and Medical Education in Nineteenth-century Iran Hormoz Ebrahimnejad 5. Waqf Endowments and the Emergence of Modern Charitable Hospitals in the Ottoman Empire: The Case of Zeynep-Kamil Hospital in Istanbul Feza Günergun and Seref Etker 6. A Bounded Medical Pluralism: Ayurveda and Western Medicine in Colonial and Independent Sri Lanka Margaret Jones 7. ‘Modern Medicine’ in French Colonial Vietnam: From the Importation of a Model to its Nativisation Laurence Monnais 8. Making Modernity with Medicine: Mission, State, and Community in Leprosy Control, Ogoja, Nigeria, 1945–1950 John Manton 9. Cholera, Consumer, and Citizenship: Modernizations of Medicine in Japan Akihito Suzuki and Mika Suzuki
Biography
Hormoz Ebrahimnejad is Wellcome Trust Lecturer in history at the School of Humanities, University of Southampton. His current research interests in the history of medicine covers issues such as relationship between medicine and power, impacts of institutions on scientific developments, emergence of medical profession and hospital institutions and their relation with medical knowledge in both medieval and modern periods. His publications include Medicine, Public Health and the Qajar State: Patterns of Medical Modernization in Nineteenth-Century Iran.
