1st Edition

Revival: Ultraviolet Light in Water and Wastewater Sanitation (2002)

By Willy J. Masschelein, Rip G. Rice Copyright 2002
    188 Pages
    by CRC Press

    188 Pages 105 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Several general books are available on ultraviolet light and its applications. However, this is the first comprehensive monograph that deals with its application to water and wastewater treatment. There is a rapidly growing interest in using UV light in water sanitation due to the increased knowledge of the potential health and environmental impacts of disinfection byproducts.

    Ultraviolet Light in Water and Wastewater Sanitation integrates the fundamental physics applicable to water and wastewater sanitation, the engineering aspects, and the practical experience in the field. The text analyzes the concerns associated with this application of UV light and brings together comprehensive information on the presently available UV technologies applicable to water and wastewater treatment including: lamp technologies, criteria of evaluation and choice of technology; fundamental principles; performance criteria for disinfection; design criteria and methods; synergistic use of UV and oxidants (advanced oxidation); and functional requirements and potential advantages and drawbacks of the technique.

    Ultraviolet Light in Water and Wastewater Sanitation is the only treatise currently available combining fundamental knowledge, recommendations for design, evaluations of performance, and future prospects for this application. Water and wastewater treatment professionals, water utility employees, governmental regulators, and chemists will find this book an essential and unique reference for a technology which has received growing regulatory acceptance.

    Introduction
    Historical: Use of UV Light in Drinking Water Treatment
    Present State of Standards and Regulations
    Definition of Ultraviolet Light: Range and Natural Sources
    Solar Radiant Energy

    Available Lamp (or Burner) Technologies
    General
    Mercury Emission Lamps
    Currently Available Commercial Lamp Technologies
    Available Lamp Technologies
    Special Lamp Technologies
    Preliminary Guidelines for Choice of Lamp Technology
    UV Emission Yields and Mode of Control
    Zonal Distribution of Emitted Light

    Use of Ultraviolet Light for Disinfection of Drinking Water
    Introduction
    Germicidal Action
    Dose-Efficiency Concept
    Representative Test Organisms
    Competitive Effects in Disinfection with UV-Light
    Multihit, Multisite, and Step-by-Step Killing Concepts
    Design Factors for Reactor Geometry
    Mixing Conditions in UV-Water Treatment
    Operational Control of Efficiency
    Tentative Design Questionnaire for UV-Based Disinfection Units for Drinking Water
    Examples

    Use of UV in Photochemical Synergistic Oxidation Processes in Water Sanitation
    Basic Principles
    Combinations of Hydrogen Peroxide and UV-Light
    Synergism of Ozone and UV in Water Sanitation
    UV-Catalytic Processes
    Tentative Design Rules for UV-Synergistic Oxidation Processes

    Use of UV Light for Sanitation of Wastewater
    Regulations and Guidelines for Disinfection of Treated Wastewater
    General Characteristics of Effluents in Relation to Disinfection by UV-Light
    Aftergrowth and Photorepair after Exposure to UV Disinfection of Wastewater
    Applied UV Doses in Wastewater Disinfection
    Choice of Lamp Technology in Wastewater Disinfection
    Toxicity and Formation of By-Products
    Preliminary Conclusions on Wastewater Disinfection with UV
    Example

    General Conclusions
    Glossary
    References
    Index

    Biography

    Willy J. Masschelein, Rip G. Rice