1st Edition
Vascular Malformations Advances and Controversies in Contemporary Management
This new book on vascular malformations brings together international experts to present advances and discuss controversies in the multidisciplinary management of patients with congenital vascular malformations.
Major advances in recent years in medical genetics, and tremendous progress in the fields of imaging and minimally invasive percutaneous interventions have revolutionized both evaluation and management of vascular malformations. The six major parts of this state of the art book ensure that the reader has the most up to date valuable clinical information to ensure the delivery of world class clinical practice. Beautifully illustrated with color line drawings, numerous photographs and informative tables, the advances and controversies of the full spectrum of vascular malformations are presented in 90 definitive chapters.
Vascular Malformations brings new information and unparalleled insights to vascular specialists and physicians, trainees and allied health professionals who participate in the care of patients with vascular malformations, either in a private practice setting or at a major institution in an interdisciplinary vascular center.
Foreword Hugo Partsch
Preface BB Lee, Peter Gloviczki & Francine Blei
Part 1. Congenital Vascular Malformations (CVMs) in General
Section 1. Definition & Classification
Chapter 1. ISSVA Classification: Controversy with the benefit and liability.
Raul Mattassi
Chapter 2. Hamburg Classification: Controversy with the benefit and liability.
Peter Gloviczki & David Driscoll
Chapter 3. Syndromic classification of Congenital Vascular Malformations: how useful is it?
Francine Blei
Chapter 4. Consensus on the contemporary classification.
BB Lee & Leonel Villavicencio
Section 2. Diagnosis
Chapter 5. How extensive study should be included in initial assessment for the Congenital Vascular Malformations?
BB Lee & James Laredo
Chapter 6. Should hemangiomas be included in the initial differential diagnosis for Congenital Vascular Malformations?
Francine Blei
Chapter 7. How much the genetic studies should be incorporated for Venous Malformations and Arterio-Venous Malformations assessment, and when?
Sandro Michelini, Stefano Paolacci & Matteo Bertelli
Chapter 8. Indications for genetic testing in the evaluation of Lymphatic and Hemolymphatic Malformations.
Stanley G. Rockson
Section 3. Management
Chapter 9. The importance of interdisciplinary team approach for evaluation and
management of Vascular Malformations.
Megha M. Tollefson, Peter Gloviczki & David Driscoll
Chapter 10. How will genetics influence the management of Vascular Malformations?
Francine Blei
Part 2. Arterio-Venous Malformations (AVMs)
Section 4. Definition & Classification
Chapter 11. Confusion with Arterio-Venous fistula versus Arterio-Venous Malformation of ISSVA Classification.
Dirk Loose
Chapter 12. Nidus or no nidus: Is it a crucial issue for diagnostic assessment for the Arterio-Venous Malformations?
Furuzan Numan
Chapter 13. New classification of the Arterio-Venous Malformations based on arteriographic findings: How much worthy?
YoungSoo Do & Kwang Bo Park
Section 5. Diagnosis
Chapter 14. Arteriographic assessment: Is it still a gold standard for the Arterio-Venous Malformations diagnosis?
Hendrik von Tengg-Kobligk, Iris Baumgartner, Sabrina Frey & Dominik Obrist
Chapter 15. Ultrasonographic assessment: New role for the Arterio-Venous Malformations. How far can it be implied?
Erica Menegatti & Sergio Gianesini
Chapter 16. Magnetic Resonance (MR) Angiography and/or Computed Tomography (CT) Angiography: New gold standard for the Arterio-Venous Malformations?
Massimo Vaghi
Chapter 17. Transarterial Lung Perfusion Scintigraphy (TLPS): New role for the follow up
assessment?
Raul Mattassi
Section 6. Management - 1
Chapter 18. Do all the Arterio-Venous Malformations mandate the therapy? Is there any contraindication for the therapy?
BB Lee & James Laredo
Chapter 19. How much is too much for the Arterio-Venous Malformation management?
Young-Wook Kim
Chapter 20. Ethanol sclerotherapy- Is it gold standard for the Arterio-Venous Malformation management?
Iris Baumgartner, Mihai Constatntinescu, Jochen Rössler & Hendrik von Tengg
Chapter 21. N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate versus Onyx embolotherapy.
Furuzan Numan
Section 7. Management - 2
Chapter 22. Surgical therapy combined with embolo/sclerotherapy - Multidisciplinary
approach.
Paul Marji, James Laredo & BB Lee
Chapter 23. Indication for the amputation for the Arterio-Venous Malformation - proper option?
Young-Wook Kim
Chapter 24. How much pharmacological therapy can be incorporated to the Arterio-Venous Malformation management?
Jochen Karl Rössler & Iris Baumgartner
Chapter 25. Secondary changes in Arterio-Venous Malformations: arteries, veins, tissues, bones; when do they have to be treated?
Dirk Loose
Part 3. Venous Malformations (VMs)
Section 8. Definition & Classification
Chapter 26. (Capillary & Cavernous) Hemangioma and Venous Malformations.
BB Lee & James Laredo
Chapter 27. Angiographic classification of the Venous Malformations based on venous drainage status: How much worthy?
Kwang Bo Park & Young Soo Do
Section 9. Diagnosis
Chapter 28. Ultrasonographic assessment: Mandatory test to lead the assessment of the Venous Malformations?
Pier Luigi Antignani
Chapter 29. Conventional and Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dceMRI) and/or Magnetic Resonance Venography: diagnostic modalities with different objectives? Can they replace phlebography?
Jovan Markovic & Cynthia Shortell
Chapter 30. Computed Tomography (CT) and CT Venography: how are these modalities different from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for evaluation of Venous Malformations?
Jovan Markovic & Cynthia Shortell
Chapter 31. Whole Body Blood Pool Scintigraphy (WBBPS) - Special role for the management of Venous Malformations?
Raul Mattassi
Section 10. Management -1
Chapter 32. Do all the Venous Malformations require treatment?
Kurosh Parsi & Mina Kang
Chapter 33. How much is too much for the Venous Malformations management?
Pier Luigi Antignani
Chapter 34. What is the first option for the Venous Malformations management?
Sarah Bernhard, Aleksandra Tuleja, Jochen Rössler & Iris Baumgartner
Chapter 35. Ethanol sclerotherapy- Is it gold standard for the Venous Malformations management as well?
YoungSoo Do
Chapter 36. Foam Sclerotherapy- First option for Venous Malformations?
Kurosh Parsi & Mina Kang
Chapter 37. Considerations regarding feasibility, safety and efficacy of N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate (n-BCA) and Onyx embolization for the treatment of Venous Malformations.
Jovan Markovic & Cynthia Shortell
Section 11. Management -2
Chapter 38. Surgical therapy of Venous Malformations combined with embolo/sclerotherapy: How much and when?
Dirk Loose
Chapter 39. How aggressive the management of vascular bone syndrome caused by the Venous Malformations should be?
Raul Mattassi
Chapter 40. To what extent should anticoagulation therapy be considered to the Venous Malformations?
Alfonso Tafur, Evi Kalodiki & Jawed Fareed
Chapter 41. How to approach on Marginal Vein combined with deep vein hypoplasia/ aplasia?
Dirk Loose
Chapter 42. Indication for the amputation for extensive Venous Malformations - proper
option?
Dirk Loose
Chapter 43. How much pharmacological therapy can be incorporated to the Venous Malformations management?
Francine Blei
Part 4. Lymphatic Malformations (LMs)
Section 12. Definition & Classification
Chapter 44. Confusion on the Terminology- Primary Lymphedema and Lymphangioma /Lymphatic Malformations
James Laredo & BB Lee
Chapter 45. Contemporary diagnosis of Primary Lymphedema and Lymphatic Malformations
Stanley G. Rockson
Chapter 46. Clinical staging of lymphedema - How practical for clinical management of
Primary Lymphedema?
Sandro Michelini, Alessandro Fiorentino, Alessandro Failla & Giovanni Moneta
Chapter 47. Laboratory (lymphoscintigraphic) staging- Guideline?
BB Lee & James Laredo
Section 13. Diagnosis
Chapter 48. Ultrasonographic assessment of the Lymphatic Malformations : Lymphangioma & Primary Lymphedema - A new role for the diagnosis?
Erica Menegatti & Sergio Gianesini
Chapter 49. Radionuclide Lymphoscintigraphy (LSG) - Gold standard for the assessment of
the Lymphatic Malformations: Lymphangioma & Primary Lymphedema, BOTH?
Vaughan Keeley
Chapter 50. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Magnetic Resonance Lymphangiography of Primary Lymphedema - A new gold standard?
NingFei Liu
Chapter 51. Indocyanine Green (ICG) Fluorescent Lymphography- Clinical implementation
Takumi Yamamoto
Chapter 52. Oil Contrast Lymphangiography - New role for the surgical candidate?
Francesco Boccardo, Sara Dessalvi, Campisi Corrado Cesare & Campisi Corradino
Chapter 53. Fluorescent microlymphangiography: Controversial - confusion and neglected problems
Claudio Allegra, Michelangelo Bartolo & Salvino Bilancini
Chapter 54. Can Indocyanine Green (ICG) Fluorescent Lymphography replace the role of Lymphoscintigraphy (LSG)?
Takumi Yamamoto
Chapter 55. How to differentiate between the Lymphedema and Lipedema. How to rule out the Lipedema?
Gyozo Szolnoky
Section 14. Management- 1: Primary Lymphedema
Chapter 56. Manual Lymphatic Drainage (MLD) - Myth?
Isabel Forner Cordero & Jean Paul Belgrado
Chapter 57. Compression therapy- Optimal Pressure? Bandage versus stocking.
Isabel Forner Cordero & Jean Paul Belgrado
Chapter 58. Sequential Intermittent Pneumatic Compression (SIPC) - Rationale? How much it can be incorporated to compression therapy?
Isabel Forner Cordero & Jean Paul Belgrado
Chapter 59. Reconstructive surgery: Lymphovenous anastomosis versus lymph-node transplantation. Can they stay as an independent therapy option? Indications & Contraindications?
Corradino Campisi, Francesco Boccardo, Melissa Ryan, Michele Maruccia, Fabio Nicoli, Pietro Di Summa & Corrado Cesare Campisi
Chapter 60. Excisional surgery: when and how much it can be incorporated?
Justin Chin-Bong Choi, James Laredo & BB Lee
Chapter 61. Multidisciplinary approach with liposuction in Primary Lymphedema: Is there a difference compared to patients with Secondary Lymphedema?
Robert Damstra & Håkan Brorson
Chapter 62. How much pharmacological therapy can be incorporated to the Primary Lymphedema management?
Vaughan Keeley and Neil Piller
Chapter 63. What is the difference in the management of Primary Lymphedema between the
adults and children, and how much?
Miguel Amore & Cristobal Papendieck
Chapter 64. How to manage the Lipedema involved to Primary lymphedema?
Gyozo Szolnoky
Chapter 65. How to assess the response/efficacy of manual lymphatic drainage and
compression therapy.
Gyozo Szolnoky
Chapter 66. How to assess the efficacy of Lipedema management involved to the
Lymphedema?
Gyozo Szolnoky
Chapter 67. The pathophysiology behind adipose tissue deposition in Lymphedema and how
liposuction completely can reduce the excess volume
Håkan Brorson
Chapter 68. Liposuction- can it be implied to the management of Lipedema?
Robert Damstra & Tobias Bertsch
Section 15. Management-2 : Lymphangioma
Chapter 69. How to manage the lymphatic leakage involved in Lymphangioma?
Xi Yang, Xiaoxi Lin & NingFei Liu,
Chapter 70. How to manage recurrent infections involved to Lymphangioma?
Xi Yang, Xiaoxi Lin MD &NingFei Liu
Chapter 71. How aggressive chyloreflux (e.g. chyluria, chyloascites, chylothorax, chyle-
leakage) should be handled?
Miguel Amore & Cristobal Papendieck
Chapter 72. Pharmacological considerations for Lymphatic Malformation management
Stanley G. Rockson
Chapter 73. How much different the management of Lymphangioma among
pediatric/neonatal age group should be?
Miguel Amore & Cristobal Papendieck
Chapter 74. Peculiarities in surgical treatment in childhood; can we ignore?
Juan Carlos López Gutiérrez
Part 5. Combined vascular malformations: Hemo-lymphatic
Malformations / Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome (KTS)
Section 16. Diagnosis
Chapter 75. What extent the diagnostic study should be extended for the Arterio-Venous Malformations involvement to Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome assessment?
Massimo Vaghi
Chapter 76. How much the diagnostic investigations should incorporate visceral
involvement for Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome?
Massimo Vaghi
Section 17. Management -1
Chapter 77. How to decide the priority for the treatment among the Congenital Vascular Malformation components?
James Laredo & BB Lee
Chapter 78. The management of Vascular Bone Syndrome: how aggressive and when?
Jong Sup Shim & Young-Wook Kim
Chapter 79. How aggressive to manage the varicose veins involved to Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome?
Sergio Gianesini and Erica Menegatti
Chapter 80. How aggressive the management of the indolent stasis ulcer should be done
in Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome?
Sergio Gianesini & Erica Menegatti
Section 18. Management -2
Chapter 81. How aggressive the gastrointestinal bleeding among Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome should be handled?
Massimo Vaghi
Chapter 82. Therapeutic considerations for infection, sepsis and lymphatic leak management in patients with Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome
Jovan Markovic & Cynthia Shortell
Chapter 83. How to manage the coagulopathy in Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome?
Alfonso Tafur, Evi Kalodiki & Jawed Fareed
Chapter 84. Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome: Pain and Psychosocial Considerations
Jamison Harvey, Megha Tollefson, Peter Gloviczki & David Driscoll
Chapter 85. Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome and Complex Venous Malformations: Should a multi-modality approach be the standard of care? - Endovenous Laser Ablation (EVLA), Tumescent-assisted Ultrasound-Guided Sclerotherapy (TUGS), n-BCA and Power Phlebectomy.
Kurosh Parsi & Mina Kang
Part 6. Capillary Malformations (CMs)
Section 19. Diagnosis
Chapter 86. Is this a Capillary Malformation? - Differential diagnosis and other dermal vascular lesions and eruptions.
Kurosh Parsi & Mina Kang
Chapter 87. How much the diagnostic assessment for Port Wine Stains should be extended for other Vascular Malformations to exist together?
Peter Berlien
Section 20. Management
Chapter 88. Port Wine Stains/ Capillary Malformations among the Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome patients: How to select the candidate for the laser therapy and when?
Peter Berlien
Chapter 89. What extent the surgical excision should be implemented to Port Wine Stains and when?
Peter Berlien
Chapter 90. To what extent the laser therapy and surgical excision could be combined for the Port Wine Stains management?
Peter Berlien
Epilogue BB Lee
Biography
Byung-Boong Lee MD PhD FACS, Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Peter Gloviczki MD FACS, Joe M. and Ruth Roberts Professor of Surgery (Emeritus), Chair, Division of Vascular, and Endovascular Surgery (Emeritus), Director, Gonda Vascular Center (Emeritus), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Editor-In-Chief, Journal of Vascular Surgery.
Francine Blei MD, Director, Vascular Anomalies Program of Lenox Hill Hospital, New York City, New York, USA.
