1st Edition

Lycopene Nutritional, Medicinal and Therapeutic Properties

Edited By V R Preedy, Ronald R. Watson Copyright 2009

    Tomatoes have become a dietary staple for humans in many parts of the world. The characteristic deep red color of the ripe tomato fruit and related products is mainly due to lycopene. Lycopene is the predominant carotenoid in tomatoes, followed by a-carotene, b-carotene, g-carotene, and phytoene, as well as by several other minor carotenoids. Tomatoes and tomato-based foods have long been an important source of lycopene in the Western diet. There has been a growing interest in exploring the role of lycopene in the prevention of a variety of nutritional and health issues in humans, including some cancers and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, many case studies using cell cultures, animal models, and epidemiological investigations have shown a relationship between lycopene intake and a lowered risk of contracting some cancers and various chronic diseases. Increasingly, clinical evidence supports the role of lycopene as a nutrient with important health benefits, since it appears to provide protection against a broad range of epithelial cancers. The possibility that consumption of lycopene-rich foods may reduce the risk of such diseases has prompted numerous in-depth studies of the levels of lycopene in foods and of correlations between dietary lycopene and certain diseases. This monograph will serve as a reference for providing a better understanding of the role of lycopene in promoting health, and by encouraging a deeper understanding of approaches to a healthy diet and life.

    Foreword
    Preface
    List of Contributors


    CHARACTERIZATION OF LYCOPENE FROM CHEMISTRY TO BASIC PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS
    Lycopene Overview: What It Is and What It Does
    Robert M. Diener and Mildred S. Christian
    Stability of Lycopene during Food Processing and Storage
    John Shi and Sophia Jun Xue
    Lycopene Metabolites: Apo-lycopenals
    Nikki A. Ford and John W. Erdman, Jr.
    Non-covalent Binding of Lycopene and Lycophyll
    Zsolt Bikadi, Peter Hari, Eszter Hazai, Samuel F. Lockwood and Ferenc Zsila
    Risk Assessment of Lycopene
    Andrew Shao and John N. Hathcock

    BIOCHEMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF LYCOPENE’S EFFECTS
    Lycopene and Peroxynitrite Modifications
    Kaampwe Muzandu, Kennedy Choongo and Shoichi Fujita
    Lycopene and Down-regulation of Cyclin D1, pAKT and pBad Rosanna Sestito and Paola Palozza
    Lycopene and Chylomicrons
    Kathleen M. Botham and Elena Bravo
    Lycopene and Chromosomal Aberrations
    Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes and Maria de Lourdes Pires Bianchi
    Lycopene and Lycopene-enriched Prostasomes
    Anuj Goyal, Mridula Chopra and Alan Cooper
    Topically Applied Lycopene and Antioxidant Capacity
    Marco Andreassi and Lucio Andreassi
    Lycopene and Cardiovascular Diseases
    Martha Verghese, Rajitha Sunkara, Louis Shackelford and Lloyd T. Walker
    Effects of Lycopene and Monounsaturated Fat Combination on Serum Lycopene, Lipid and Lipoprotein Concentrations
    Kiran Deep Kaur Ahuja and Madeleine Joyce Ball
    Lycopene: Cataract and Oxidative Stress
    S.K. Gupta, Sushma Srivastava, Renu Agarwal and Shyam Sunder Agrawal
    Lycopene and Bone Tissue
    L.G. Rao, E.S. Mackinnon and A.V. Rao

    LYCOPENE AND CANCER
    Lycopene and Its Potential Role in Prostate Cancer Prevention
    A. Trion, F.H. Schröder and W.M. van Weerden
    Lycopene and Urokinase Receptor Expression in Prostate Cancer Cells
    Inder Sehgal
    Lycopene and Lung Cancer
    Fuzhi Lian and Xiang-Dong Wang
    Breast Cancer and Lycopene Nasséra Chalabi, Yves-Jean Bignon and Dominique J. Bernard-Gallon
    Lycopene and Colon Cancer
    Martha Verghese, Judith Boateng, Louis Shackelford and Lloyd T. Walker
    Index
    Color Plate Section

    Biography

    Preedy, V R ; Watson, Ronald R.