1st Edition

Microwave Engineering Concepts and Fundamentals

By Ahmad Shahid Khan Copyright 2014
    800 Pages 543 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    800 Pages 543 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Detailing the active and passive aspects of microwaves, Microwave Engineering: Concepts and Fundamentals covers everything from wave propagation to reflection and refraction, guided waves, and transmission lines, providing a comprehensive understanding of the underlying principles at the core of microwave engineering. This encyclopedic text not only encompasses nearly all facets of microwave engineering, but also gives all topics—including microwave generation, measurement, and processing—equal emphasis. Packed with illustrations to aid in comprehension, the book:

    • Describes the mathematical theory of waveguides and ferrite devices, devoting an entire chapter to the Smith chart and its applications
    • Discusses different types of microwave components, antennas, tubes, transistors, diodes, and parametric devices
    • Examines various attributes of cavity resonators, semiconductor and RF/microwave devices, and microwave integrated circuits
    • Addresses scattering parameters and their properties, as well as planar structures including striplines and microstrips
    • Considers the limitations of conventional tubes, behavior of charged particles in different fields, and the concept of velocity modulation

    Based on the author’s own class notes, Microwave Engineering: Concepts and Fundamentals consists of 16 chapters featuring homework problems, references, and numerical examples. PowerPoint® slides and MATLAB®-based solutions are available with qualifying course adoption.

    Preface

    Introduction

    Microwave Frequency Bands

    Advantages

    Components of Microwave System

    Applications

    Health Hazards

    Fundamentals of Wave Propagation

    Basic Equations and Parameters

    Nature of Media

    Wave in Lossless Media

    Wave in Lossy Media

    Conductors and Dielectrics

    Polarisation

    Depth of Penetration

    Surface Impedance

    Poynting Theorem

    Reflection and Refraction

    Direction Cosines, Wavelength and Phase Velocity

    Classification of the Cases of Reflection

    Normal Incidence Cases

    Oblique Incidence

    Parallel Plane Guide

    Transverse Waves

    Characteristics of TE and TM Waves

    Transverse Electromagnetic Waves

    Wave Impedances

    Attenuation in the Walls of Parallel Plane Guide

    Transmission Lines

    Equations Governing Transmission Line Behaviour

    Lossless RF and UHF Lines with Different Terminations

    Reflection Phenomena

    Resonance Phenomena in Line Sections

    Quality Factor of a Resonant Section

    UHF Lines as Circuit Elements

    Applications of Transmission Lines

    Types of Transmission Lines

    Coaxial Cables

    Limitations of Different Guiding Structures

    Waveguides

    Interrelation between Transmission Line and Waveguide

    Rectangular Waveguide

    Circular Waveguide

    Dielectric Waveguides

    Physical Interpretation of Wave Terminology

    Relative Merits of Waveguides

    Limitations of Waveguides

    Cavity Resonators

    Shapes and Types of Cavities

    Cavity Formation

    Fields in Cavity Resonators

    Quality Factor

    Coupling Mechanism

    Tuning Methods

    Advantages and Applications

    Dielectric Resonators

    Microwave Ferrite Devices

    Ferrites

    Faraday’s Rotation

    Non-Reciprocal Ferrite Devices

    Ferrite Phase Shifter

    Ferrite Attenuators

    Ferrite Switches

    YIG Filters

    Figures of Merit of Ferrite Devices

    Smith Chart

    Characteristic Parameters of a Uniform Transmission Line

    Polar Chart

    Smith Chart for Impedance Mapping

    Smith Chart for Admittance Mapping

    Information Imparted by Smith Chart

    Advantages of Smith Chart

    Smith Chart for Lossless Transmission Lines

    Stub Matching

    Components

    Microwave Components

    Waveguides and Its Accessories

    Input–Output Methods in Waveguides

    Coaxial to Waveguide Adapter

    Waveguide Junctions

    Directional Couplers

    Waveguide Terminations

    Attenuators

    Impedance Matching

    Tuners

    Phase Shifters

    Microwave Filters

    Duplexers

    Diplexers

    Mode Suppressors

    Scattering Parameters

    Properties of Scattering Matrices

    Scattering Parameters for Networks with Different Ports

    Nature of Networks

    Types of s-Parameters

    Scattering Matrices for Some Commonly Used Microwave Components

    Electrical Properties of 2-Port Networks

    s-Parameters and Smith Chart

    Scattering Transfer (or T) Parameters

    Microwave Antennas

    Antenna Theorems and Characteristic Parameters

    Types of Microwave Antennas

    Antenna Arrays

    Microstrip Antennas

    Microwave Measurements

    Klystron Power Supply

    VSWR Meter

    Travelling Wave Detection

    Qualities of Microwave Components and Devices

    Precautions

    Some Standard Norms

    Measurement of Basic Quantities

    Some Practical Applications

    Basics of Microwave Tubes

    Frequency Limitations of Conventional Tubes

    Influence of Fields on Motion of Charged Particles

    Velocity Modulation

    Classification of Microwave Tubes

    Microwave Tubes

    Klystron

    Two-Cavity Klystron

    Reflex Klystron

    Travelling-Wave Tube

    Magnetron

    Crossed-Field Amplifier

    Backward-Wave Oscillators

    Microwave Diodes

    Basics of Semiconductor Devices

    Conventional Diodes

    Microwave Diodes

    Transferred Electron Devices

    Avalanche Transit Time Devices

    Parametric Devices

    Masers

    Microwave Transistors

    Transistors and Vacuum Tubes

    Microwave Transistors

    Field Effect Transistors

    Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistors

    Memory Devices

    Charge-Coupled Devices

    Planar Transmission Lines

    Striplines

    Microstrips

    Coplanar Waveguides

    Coplanar Strips

    Slot Line

    Fin Lines

    Micromachined Lines

    Realisation of Lumped Elements

    Realisation of Microwave Components

    Microwave Integrated Circuits

    Merits and Limitations of MICs

    Types of MICs

    Materials Used

    Fabrication Techniques

    Fabrication Processes

    Illustration of Fabrication by Photo-Resist Technique

    Fabrication of Devices

    Appendices

    Index

    Biography

    Ahmad Shahid Khan holds a BSc, MSc, and Ph.D from Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), India. Possessing over 40 years of teaching experience, the former AMU University Medal recipient, professor, and chairman of the AMU Department of Electronics Engineering is an IETE India fellow, IEI member, and SSI and ISTE life member. A popular invited lecturer, he has published 23 journal and conference papers, co-authored the book Antennas and Wave Propagation (Special Indian Edition), edited the book A Guide to the Laboratory Practice in Electronics and Communication Engineering, and received the Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya Memorial Gold Medal from JIE India.

    "The book demonstrates a good understanding of the author’s knowledge of microwave engineering. It has extensive practical applications and a wide variety of problems with worked solutions. The book is written in such a way that the reader, through personal study, could achieve a satisfactory education in the subject of microwave engineering."
    —Brian Klaveness, Principal Lecturer and Programme Leader at Glyndwr University, Wrexham, UK

    "... covers everything from wave propagation to reflection and refraction, guided waves, and transmission lines, giving all topics equal emphasis and providing a comprehensive understanding of the underlying principles at the core of microwave engineering. In my opinion, the book is well written and easy to follow, so I am highly recommending it as a textbook for electronics and communication engineering students at the undergraduate level, though it may serve as a solid basis for advanced courses on microwaves at the postgraduate level as well."
    —Ivica Manic´, University of Niš, Serbia, from Microelectronics Reliability, February 2015