Highly Commended, BMA Medical Book Awards 2014
The fifth edition of this highly successful and well-regarded book continues to provide those working in neonatal intensive care units with precise instructions on the diagnosis and management of common neonatal problems. This edition has been extensively updated and revised, while retaining the background physiology, key references, and diagrams that made previous editions so successful.
Several new chapters have been added, including the subjects of fetal medicine, antenatal diagnosis, and obstetrics for the neonatologist. Using a clear, accessible style, this edition features discussions of evidence-based medicine and the introduction of additional easy-to-digest lists. The text has been made more internationally applicable, including a re-focus of the chapter on organization of neonatal care away from UK-specific admission criteria and more towards general reasons for admitting a baby to the intensive care ward.
A Manual for Neonatal Intensive Care provides invaluable guidance for trainees in pediatrics, neonatology, and neonatal nursing and forms a useful ready-reference for the practicing pediatrician and nurse.
Epidemiology and neonatal outcomes
Epidemiology: definitions in perinatal medicine
Neonatal outcomes
References
Further reading
Web links
Organization of neonatal care
Organization of neonatal care: definition of levels of care
Provision of intensive care facilities
References
Clinical governance, risk management and legal aspects of neonatal practice
Clinical Governance
Serious untoward incident (SUI) reporting and investigation
Medical negligence
Consent
Death
Further reading
Maternal-fetal medicine for the neonatologist
Prenatal diagnosis of fetal disease
Maternal conditions affecting the fetus
Hypertension in pregnancy
Multiple pregnancy
Immunological conditions
Placental insufficiency
Preterm membrane rupture
Prelabour rupture of the membranes at term
Induction of labour
Intrapartum monitoring
Mode of delivery
Further information
Further reading
Genetic disease
Good ‘handles’ for genetic diagnosis
Further reading
Web links
Neonatal resuscitation and stabilization
Physiological adaptation at birth
Neonatal resuscitation
Resuscitation equipment
Practice of neonatal resuscitation
Special situations in neonatal resuscitation
Problems with resuscitation
First-hour care after resuscitation
References
Further reading
Nursing, monitoring and transport of the sick neonate
Thermal control
Minimal handling
Monitoring
Clinical and laboratory monitoring
References
Physical examination of the newborn
Timing of the examination
Physical examination of the newborn
References
Further reading
Congenital anomalies and common postnatal problems
Common findings in day-to-day practice
Reference
Further reading
Web link
Fluid and electrolyte balance
Neonatal renal function and physiology
Water
Sodium
Potassium
Hydrogen ions and bicarbonate
Calcium and phosphate
Magnesium
Practical fluid and electrolyte management
References
Further reading
Neonatal enteral nutrition
Infant nutrient requirements
Which milk to give?
Anti-infection agents
Healthy LBW babies
Sick LBW babies
References
Further reading
Web link
Parenteral nutrition
Composition of parenteral nutrition solutions
Intravenous feeding solutions
Route of infusion
Monitoring of i.v. feeding
Complications of PN
References
Further reading
Acute disorders of the respiratory tract
Respiratory physiology
Differential diagnosis of neonatal respiratory disease
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS); hyaline membrane disease (HMD)
Treatment of RDS
Continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP)
Mechanical ventilation: intermittent positive pressure ventilation
Ventilation
Sudden deterioration on IPPV
Gradual deterioration on IPPV
Transient tachypnoea of the newborn
Meconium aspiration
Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE), pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum
Massive pulmonary haemorrhage
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN)
Pulmonary hypoplasia
Congenital malformations affecting the respiratory tract
References
Further reading
Chronic lung disease
Interventions for chronic lung disease
Wilson–Mikity syndrome
References
Further reading
Apnoeic attacks
Definition of apnoea and periodic breathing
Clinically significant apnoea
Recurrent apnoea of prematurity
Pathophysiology
Radiology
Treatment
References
Further reading
Infection
Infection control in neonatal units
Host defences in the newborn and the inflammatory response
Bacterial infection in the newborn
Maintenance of homeostasis
Virus infections
Congenital infections
Effect of perinatal maternal infections
References
Further reading
Neurological problems
Assessment of the nervous system
Convulsions in the newborn
Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE)
Focal vascular lesions
Extracranial haemorrhage
Intracranial haemorrhage
Preterm white matter injury/periventricular leukomalacia (PVL)
Neonatal hypotonia
Nerve palsies
Central nervous system malformations
Metabolic disorders, including glucose homeostasis and inborn errors of metabolism
Glucose metabolism in the newborn
Clinical causes of hypoglycaemia
Unusual cases of neonatal hypoglycaemia
Neonatal hyperglycaemia
Inborn errors of metabolism
Causes of severe early metabolic disease
References
Further reading
Endocrine disorders
Introduction
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Thyroid problems
Further reading
Neonatal jaundice and liver disease
Physiology
Bilirubin biochemistry
Bilirubin encephalopathy (kernicterus)
Differential diagnosis of neonatal jaundice
Causes of unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
Breast feeding and jaundice
Some specific causes of unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
Prolonged neonatal jaundice
Prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
Conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
Treatment of neonatal jaundice
Gastroenterological problems
Basic physiology of the fetal and neonatal gut
Cleft lip and palate
Oesophageal atresia and trachea-oesophageal fistula
Intestinal obstruction
Exomphalos
Gastroschisis
Necrotizing enterocolitis
Isolated bowel perforation
Short bowel syndrome
Gastro-oesophageal reflux
The baby with persistent vomiting
Persisting diarrhea
Haematemesis, melaena and bloody stools in the newborn
Hirschprung’s disease
References
Further reading
Congenital heart disease in the neonatal period
The fetal circulation
Changes in the circulation at birth
Presentation of heart disease
Investigations
Heart murmurs in asymptomatic babies
CHD presenting as shock with acidosis
CHD presenting as heart failure
Treatment of heart failure in the newborn
Individual conditions which can cause heart failure or shock
Cyanotic heart disease
Arrhythmias in the neonatal period
References
Arrhythmias in the neonatal period
Neonatal haematology
Anaemia in the neonate
Haemolytic disease of the newborn
Guidelines for DAT+ babies
Bleeding and bruising
Neonatal thrombosis
References
Web links
Genitourinary problems
Urine
Renal failure
Urinary tract infection
Congenital nephrotic syndrome
Renal malformations
Genitourinary tract anomalies
References
Further reading
Eye disorders
Retinopathy of prematurity
Buphthalmos (neonatal glaucoma)
Cataract
Conjunctivitis
Strabismus
References
Further reading
Skin disorders
Common benign neonatal skin disorders
Other miscellaneous neonatal skin conditions
Birthmarks and vascular disorders
Further reading
Orthopaedic and bone disorders
Fractures
Dislocations
Skeletal malformations
Further reading
Neonatal abstinence syndrome
Maternal opiate abuse
References
Further reading
Procedures and iatrogenic complications
Neonatal procedures
Blood sampling and cannulation
Management of extravasation injury
Umbilical catherization
Intraosseous lines
Endotracheal intubation
Urine collection
Reference
Further reading
Appendix 1 Growth charts
Appendix 2 Assessing the ill neonate
Respiratory severity scoring
Clinical Risk Index for Babies – CRIB II score
References
Appendix 3 Normal blood pressure
Term neonates
Preterm infants
References
Appendix 4 The neonatal ECG
Rate and rhythm
The axis
Information about the atria
Information about the ventricles
Appendix 5 Normal biochemical values in the newborn
Appendix 6 Haematological values in the newborn
References
Appendix 7 Normal CSF values in the newborn
Traumatic lumbar puncture
Reference
Biography
Janet M Rennie, Consultant and Senior Lecturer in Neonatal Medicine, Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Obstetric Hospital, University College London Hospitals, UKGiles Kendall, Academic Clinical Lecturer in Neonatal Neuroimaging and Neuroprotection, UCL Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women's Health and University College London Hospitals, UK
" … very well covered in a style that is easy to access, with some excellent diagrams illustrating the text well. The layout of the book is very well structured, making quick reference easy. It is the type of book that a practitioner can dip into quickly to access information about a topic and gain a basic concept in a short space of time."
—Sarah Carey, Deputy Sister, Peterborough City Hospital"This is a well-balanced text that is user-friendly on the shop floor and provides a good level of explanatory detail. … . Every neonatal unit and paediatric trainee should have a copy of this book – it is a definitive text. Highly Commended."
—2014 BMA Medical Book Awards" … a good starting point for nurses new to the neonatal setting as it gives good advice about aspects of care and basic information about most of the scenarios likely to be encountered in an easy to understand language. This is a delightful book to have in the neonatal unit library for all staff to access."
—Practising Midwife
