This book provides an actual overview of the structure, function, and application of carbohydrate-modifying biocatalysts. Carbohydrates have been disregarded for a long time by the scientific community, mainly due to their complex structure. Meanwhile, the situation changed with increasing knowledge about the key role carbohydrates play in biological processes such as recognition, signal transduction, immune responses, and others. An outcome of research activities in glycoscience is the development of several new pharmaceuticals against serious diseases such as malaria, cancer, and various storage diseases. Furthermore, the employment of carbohydrate-modifying biocatalysts—enzymes as well as microorganisms—will contribute significantly to the development of environmentally friendly processes boosting a shift of the chemical industry from petroleum- to bio-based production of chemicals from renewable resources.
The updated content of the second edition of this book has been extended by discussing the current state of the art of using recombinantly expressed carbohydrate-modifying biocatalysts and the synthesis of minicellulosomes in connection with consolidated bioprocessing of lignocellulosic material. Furthermore, a synthetic biology approach for using DAHP-dependent aldolases to catalyze asymmetric aldol reactions is presented.
Basics in carbohydrate chemistry
H. Hühnerfuss
Glycoconjugates: an overview
P. Grunwald
Oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates in recognition processes
T. K. Lindhorst
Glycoside hydrolases
M. Kitaoka
Disaccharide phosphorylases: mechanistic diversity and application in glycosciences
C. Luley-Goedl, B. Nidetzky
DHAP-dependent aldolases: from flask reaction to cell-based synthesis
M. Wei , Z. Li, B. Wu, Y. Liu, T. Li, L. Wen, J. Li, J. Cheng, Y. Fang, X. Liu, P. G. Wang
Enzymatic and chemo-enzymatic synthesis of nucleotide sugars: novel enzymes, novel substrates, novel products, and novel routs
L. Engels, L. Elling
Iteratively acting glycosyltransferases
S. Zhang, A. Bechthold
Bacterial glycosyltransferases involved in molecular mimicry of mammalian glycans
W. Wakarchuk
Sulfotransferases and sulfatases: sulfate modification of carbohydrates
E. Chapman, S. R. Hanson
Glycosylation in health and disease
P. Grunwald
Sialic acid derivatives, analogs and mimetics as biological probes and inhibitors of sialic acid recognizing proteins
J. Tiralongo, T. Haselhorst
Enzymes of the carbohydrate metabolism and catabolism for chemoenzymatic syntheses of complex oligosaccharides
S. Böttcher, J. Thimm, J. Thiem
From gene to product: tailor-made oligosaccharides and polysaccharides by enzyme and substrate engineering
M. E. Ortiz-Soto, J. Seibel
Synthesis and modification of carbohydrates via metabolic pathway engineering in microorganisms
X.-W. Liu, L. Li, H.-t. Gao, L.-j. Dang, P. G. Wang
Metabolic pathway engineering for hyaluronic acid production
E. Marcellin, Wendy Y. Chen, L. K. Nielsen
Microbial rhamnolipids
M. Henkel, M. M. Müller, B. Hörmann, C. Syldatk, R. Hausmann
Chitin-converting enzymes
K. Moß, S. Zibek, T. Hirth, S. Rupp
Linear and cyclic oligosaccharides
H. Taniguchi
Fungal degradation of plant oligo- and polysaccharides
R. P. de Vries, J. van den Brink, K. S. Hildén, M. R. Mäkelä, and H. Stålbrand
Bacterial strategies for plant cell wall degradation and their genomic information
Y. Tamaru, R. H. Doi
Heterologous expression of cellulolytic enzymes
C. Eckert, R. Fischer, U. Commandeur
Engineered minicellulosomes for consolidated bioprocessing
Y. Liang, E. L. Ang, H. Zhao
Design of efficient multienzymatic reactions for cellulosic biomass Processing
A. S. Meyer
Biography
Peter Grunwald studied chemistry at the University of Saarbrücken and the University of Hamburg, Germany, where he graduated in the field of high-frequency spectroscopy, and then became a staff member of the Institute of Physical Chemistry. After receiving his PhD in physical chemistry from the Department of Chemistry at the University of Hamburg, he founded a biotechnology research group. He was appointed professor in 2001. His research interests focus on the preparation and properties of immobilized enzymes, kinetics of enzymes in organic solvents, and interactions between biocatalysts and heavy metal ions. Prof. Grunwald is also interested in chemical education, including curriculum development.
"This book represents a timely contribution to the field of carbohydrate-modifying enzymes. In many respects, understanding the chemistry and structural aspects of carbohydrates and their interactions is particularly challenging for students and established scientists alike. The many excellent chapters provide a comprehensive journey into the realm of carbohydrates, from the basics to up-to-date approaches and applications. I recommend this book to my own students and to all scientists interested in gaining advanced knowledge of carbohydrate-modifying enzymes in biological processes."
—Prof. Edward A. Bayer, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel"This is an excellent compilation of the latest research in the field of carbohydrate-modifying biocatalysts written by highly recognized experts in the field. With glycoscience and biocatalysis emerging as fundamental contributors to a diverse array of scientific disciplines ranging from pharmaceutical development to renewable energy, this book is particularly timely and should serve as an excellent reference for inspiring scientists and students."
—Prof. Jon S. Thorson, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
