Rock dynamics has become one of the most important topics in the field of rock mechanics and rock engineering. The spectrum of rock dynamics is very wide and it includes the failure of rocks, rock masses and rock engineering structures such as rockbursting, spalling, popping, collapse, toppling, sliding, blasting, non-destructive testing, geophysical explorations, science and engineering of rocks and impacts. The book specifically covers fundamentals of rock dynamics, constitutive models, numerical analysis techniques, dynamic testing procedures, the multi-parameter responses and motions of rocks during fracturing or slippage in laboratory experiments, earthquakes and their strong motion characteristics and their effect on various rock structures such as foundations, underground structures, slopes, dynamic simulation of loading and excavation, blasting and its positive utilization in rock engineering, the phenomenon of rockburst in rock excavations, non-destructive testing of rockbolts and rock anchors and impacts by meteors or projectiles. The main goal of this book is to present a unified and complete treatise on Rock Dynamics and to represent a milestone in advancing the knowledge in this field and in leading to new techniques for experiments, analytical and numerical modelling as well as monitoring of dynamics of rocks and rock engineering structures.
1 Introduction
2 Fundamental equations, constitutive laws and numerical methods
2.1 Fundamental equations
2.2 Constitutive laws for rocks
2.3 Constitutive modeling of discontinuities
2.4 Characterization and constitutive modeling of rock mass
2.5 Numerical methods
3 Tests on dynamic responses of rocks and rock masses
3.1 Dynamic uniaxial compression, Brazilian, triaxial (Hopkinson bar) test
3.2 Cyclic uniaxial compression, triaxial compression and shear tests
3.3 Conclusions
4 Multi-parameter responses and strong motions induced by fracturing of geomaterials and slippage of discontinuities and faulting model tests
4.1 Multi-parameter responses and strong motions induced by fracturing of rocks
4.2 Strong motions induced in stick-slip tests
4.3 Strong motions induced in model faulting experiments
5 Ground motions due to earthquakes and estimation procedures
5.1 Characteristics of earthquake faults
5.2 Observations on strong motions and permanent deformations
5.3 Strong motion estimations
5.4 Estimation of permanent surface deformation
6 Dynamic responses and stability of rock foundations
6.1 Model experiments on foundations
6.2 Observations of damage to foundations by earthquakes
6.3 Analytical and numerical studies on rock foundations
7 Dynamic responses and stability of underground excavations in rock
7.1 Ground motions in underground structures
7.2 Model experiments on shallow underground openings
7.3 Tunnels
7.4 Observations on abandoned mines and quarries
7.5 Underground powerhouses
7.6 Empirical approaches
7.7 Limiting equilibrium methods
7.8 Numerical methods
8 Dynamic responses and stability of rock slopes
8.1 Model tests
8.2 Observations and case histories
8.3 Effects of tsunamis on rock slopes
8.4 Empirical approaches for dynamic slope stability assessment
8.5 Limiting equilibrium approaches
8.6 Numerical methods
8.7 Estimations of post failure motions of slopes
9 Dynamic responses and stability of historical structures and monuments
9.1 Observations
9.2 Model experiments on masonry structures
9.3 Limit equilibrium approaches
9.4 Numerical methods
9.5 Monitoring at Nakagusuku Castle
10 Dynamics of loading and excavation in rocks
10.1 Dynamics of loading
10.2 Dynamics of excavations
11 Blasting
11.1 Background
11.2 Blasting agents
11.3 Measurement of blasting vibrations in open-pit mines and quarries
11.4 Measurements at underground openings
11.5 Multi-parameter monitoring during blasting
11.6 The positive and negative effects of blasting
12 Dynamics of rockburst and possible countermeasures
12.1 Mechanics of rockbursts
12.2 Stress changes in the vicinity of tunnel face
12.3 Examples of rockbursts
12.4 Laboratory tests on rockburst phenomenon
12.5 Prediction of rockburst potential
12.6 Monitoring of rockburst
12.7 Countermeasures against rockburst
12.8 Conclusions
13 Dynamics of rockbolts and rock anchors and their non-destructive testing
13.1 Turbine-induced vibrations in an underground power house
13.2 Dynamic behaviour of rockbolts and rock anchors subjected to shaking
13.3 Non-destructive testing for soundness evaluation
13.4 Estimation of failure time of tendons
13.5 Effect of degradation of support system
13.6 Conclusions
14 Dynamics of Impacts
14.1 Crater formation by meteorites and its environmental effects
14.2 Crater formation by projectiles in rocks
14.3 Monitoring of vibrations caused by meteorites
14.4 Free-fall (drop) experiments
14.5 Impact of slope failures
14.6 Formulation of impactor penetration and its applications
14.7 Water surface changes due to impactors
15 Conclusions
Biography
Dr. Omer Aydan was born in 1955, and studied Mining Engineering at the Technical University of Istanbul, Turkey (B.Sc., 1979), Rock Mechanics and Excavation Engineering at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK (M.Sc., 1982), and finally received his Ph.D. in Geotechnical Engineering from Nagoya University, Japan in 1989. He worked at Nagoya University as a research associate (1987-1991), and at the Department of Marine Civil Engineering at Tokai University, first as Assistant Professor (1991-1993), then as Associate Professor (1993-2001), and finally as Professor (2001-2010). He then became Professor of the Institute of Oceanic Research and Development at Tokai University, and is currently Professor at the University of Ryukyus, Department of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan. Omer has played an active role on numerous ISRM, JSCE, JGS, SRI and Rock Mech. National Group of Japan committees, and has organized several national and international symposia and conferences. He was also made Honorary Professor in Earth Science by Pamukkale University in 2008.
"The publication of this book is timely and welcome by the rock mechanics and rock engineering community.
The book is a good reference book for people involved in rock dynamics and earthquake geotechnical engineering. It will enlarge and deepen their knowledge to develop more efficient techniques in rock dynamics. The book is meant to be a reference book given its continued focus on practical solutions rather than basic fundamentals."
Prof. Giovanni Barla, Vice President of ISRM 1995-1999. Reviewed in the February 2018 issue of the Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering Journal.