Sustainability in Engineering Design and Construction

Introduction
Importance of Understanding Sustainability in Engineering Design and Construction Operations
Sustainable Development
Corporate Social Responsibility
Triple Bottom Line
Sustainability In Engineering And Construction Operations
Implementing Sustainable Practices during Engineering And Construction Projects
Definitions
Sustainability Research in Engineering Design and Construction Operations
Organization of This Book
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Sources of Information on Sustainability Requirements
Sustainability Requirements
Early Adopters of Government Sustainability Objectives
Drivers for Implementing Sustainable Development Practices
Barriers to Implementing Sustainable Practices and Liability Issues
Sustainability in the Building Sector
Sustainability in the Construction Sector
Pollution and Waste Management
Global Environmental Treaties
Foreign Government Environmental Regulations
Domestic Environmental Regulations
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Sustainability Issues in the Engineering and Construction Industry
Obstacles to the Implementation of Sustainable Development Practices
Sustainability Global Reporting Initiatives
Social and Community Impacts of Construction Projects
Global Impacts Caused by Construction Projects
Responsible Supply Chains and Procurement Practices
Resource Efficiency: Reducing Energy Consumption during Construction
Renewable Energy
Mining Industry
Oil and Gas Industry
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Sustainable Engineering Design
Introduction
Design Elements That Enhance Sustainability
Selecting Sustainable Sites
Sustainable Landscapes
Storm Water Management
Evaluating Sustainable Process Alternatives
Designing For the Use of Sustainable Materials
Principles and Strategies of Designing for Disassembly
Environmental Impact of Production Operations for Construction Materials
International Organization for Standardization 14,000 Environmental Management Standards
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Environmental Laws and Their Implications
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
Kyoto Protocol
Clean Development Mechanism, Joint Implementation Practices, Carbon Sinks, and Emission Credits
Basel Convention
Rio Declaration
Stockholm Convention
Global Environmental Compliance
Global Environmental Management Standards
United States Environmental Protection Agency Laws
Federal Laws of Concern to Engineers and Constructors
Foreign Government Environmental Laws
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Life-Cycle Cost Assessment Models
Economic Considerations
Computer Software for Sustainability Assessment
Life-Cycle Assessment Processes
Emissions during the Transportation of Construction Materials
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Sustainable Practices in the Engineering and Construction Industry
Procedures Implemented Related To Sustainable Development
Examples of Sustainability Considerations Included In Life-Cycle Analysis
When Sustainability Social Issues Are Evaluated and How They Are Evaluated
Government Regulations Related To Sustainability Practices Being Implemented On Construction Projects
Economic Benefits of Implementing Sustainable Practices
Techniques for Measuring the Benefits of Using Sustainable Practices
Methods for Measuring Sustainability Metrics
Social, Reputation, Or Economic Benefits of Using Sustainable Practices
Social Conditions Addressed During Construction Projects
Structured Approaches Used To Include Sustainability Considerations during Design
Designs, Construction Components, or Practices That Include Sustainable Components
Engineering Design Practices That Incorporate Sustainable Practices
Sustainable Materials Considered During the Design Stage
Technologies for Reducing Energy Consumption on Projects
Techniques for Reducing Pollution during Construction
Processes for Recycling Waste at the End of Construction
Processes for Reselling or Reusing Material By-Products
Levels of Recycling or Reusing Materials Compared To Projects before Sustainability
Techniques for Improving Resource Efficiency
Criteria for Prequalifying Vendors and Suppliers
Renewable Energy Sources for Construction Projects
Techniques for Reducing Waste during Construction
Mobilization and Demobilization Processes That Include Sustainable Practices
Top Five Sustainability Considerations
An Example of Six Sustainable Development Procedures
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Corporate-Level Sustainability Practices
Sustainability Considerations Related To Design
Considerations Due To Regulations Compliance or Beyond Compliance
Sustainability Issues Considered In Project Expected Life Cycle
Sustainability Social Issues Evaluated Impacting the Completion of Projects
Structured Approaches to Evaluating Sustainable Design and Material Alternatives
Potential Barriers to Implementing Construction Sustainability Programs
Drivers to the Implementation of Sustainable Development Practices
Firms Following Sustainability Guidelines Provided By Owners
Firms Participating In Corporate Global Reporting Initiatives
Firms Belonging To the Dow Jones Sustainability Index
Firms That Are ISO 14,000 Certified
Social, Reputation, And Economic Benefits to Contractors of Using Sustainable Practices
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Project-Level Sustainability Initiatives
Economic Benefits from Project-Level Sustainable Practices
Addressing Project-Level Waste
Sustainable Resource Efficiency
Innovative Sustainable Design and Construction Components Or Construction Practices Integrated Into Projects
Supply Chain Management
Using Sustainable Government Regulations
Project-Level Renewable Energy
Project-Level Pollution Reduction
Mobilization and Demobilization, Sustainable Project Execution Plans, and Sustainable Practices in Constructability
Reviews
Project-Level Sustainability Metrics
Site Project Planning
Air Quality during Construction
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Global Sustainability Trends and Implications
Sustainability Issues in the People’s Republic of China
Sustainability Issues in India
Sustainability Issues in Germany
Sustainability Issues in South Korea
Sustainability Issues in Great Britain
Sustainability Issues in the United States
Samples of Environmental Degradation Mitigation Strategies
Quantification of Sustainable Value in Construction
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Sustainable Construction Materials
Painting Products
Steel Production
Cement and Concrete
Masonry Products
Asphalt Pavement
Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Materials
Wood Products
Polyvinyl Chloride and Thermoplastic Products
Mining, Mineral, and Metal Products
Unconventional Building Products
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Sustainable Heavy Construction Equipment
Heavy Construction Equipment Tires
Heavy Construction Equipment Emissions
Biodiesel Fuel
Environmental Protection Agency Tier Four Final Standards
Engine Repowering and Engine Upgrades
Remanufacturing and Rebuilding Heavy Construction Equipment
Other Technological Advances in Heavy Construction Equipment
Hybrid-Electric Heavy Construction Equipment
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Traditional and Alternative Energy Sources
Petrochemical Products
Nuclear Power
Coal-Fired Power Plants
Hydropower Energy Generation
Alternative Energy
Combined Heat and Power Technology
Solar Power and Photovoltaic Cells
Osmotic Energy
Wind Energy
Biomass Energy
Geothermal Energy
Fuel Cells
Tidal, Wave, And Other Energy Sources from the Sea
Heated and Chilled Beams
Photovoltaic Louvers
Energy Efficiency Standards
Energy Auditing
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Green Building Rating System
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Certification
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Categories for Building Design and Construction
Additional Cost of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Certification
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design–Accredited Professional and Registering With the US Green Building Council
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Certification Checklist for New Construction and Major Renovations
Benefits of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Certification
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Sustainability Organizations and Certification Programs
International Green Construction Code
NSI/ASHRAE/IES/USGBC Standard 189.1–2014, Standard for the Design of High-Performance Green Buildings
Building Resource Energy and Environmental Assessment Model
US Department Of Energy–Department of Engineering Building Technology Program
Los Alamos National Laboratory Sustainable Design Guide
Green Advantage
Chartered Institute Of Building’s Sustainability and the Construction Industry in the United Kingdom
Environmental Protection Agency–Environmental Performance of Building Guidelines
Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
GreenRoads Evaluation Project
Sustainable Sites Initiative Guidelines and Performance Benchmark
Building For Environmental and Economic Sustainability (BEES Stars)
Green Star Rating System
Green Globes
Green Guide to Specifications
British Standards Institute BES 6001, Responsible Sourcing Of Construction Materials
Forest Stewardship Council
Design Quality Indicator
Civil Engineering Environmental Quality Assessment and Award Scheme
Comprehensive Assessment System for Building Environmental Efficiency
World Green Building Council
United Nations Environment Program
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Sustainability Implementation Resources
Sustainability Quick Start Guide
Sustainability Maturity Models
Construction Metric for Assessing Sustainability
Checklist for Evaluating The Sustainability Of Construction Jobsite Operations
Sustainability Project Execution Plans
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References

Sustainability in Engineering Design and Construction Summary
Conclusions
Recommendations for Further Research
Summary

Appendices

Biography

J. K. Yates, PhD, BSCE, is a civil and construction engineering consultant, emeritus professor, and former dean, as well as having been the associate editor of the Project Management Institute's (PMI) Project Management Journal for 10 years. Dr. Yates has extensive hands-on experience working both domestically and globally for companies such as Bechtel, Williams Companies, CH2M Hill, and URS (formerly Morrison-Knudsen). A former member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, PMI, and the American Association of Cost Engineers International, Dr. Yates has written and had published eight books and over 50 refereed journal articles on civil and construction engineering, project management, and international engineering and construction.

Daniel Castro-Lacouture, Ph.D, PE, is a professor and chair of the School of Building Construction, in the College of Architecture at Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta. His overall area of interest consists of defining and deploying evaluation protocols for technology innovations in the built environment, focusing on areas affecting the built environment from both operational and sustainability perspectives. Dr. Castro-Lacouture is a registered professional engineer, associate editor of Automation in Construction, and member of the International Green Builder Certification Board. He was chair of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) 2014 Construction Research Congress, and has worked in construction engineering and management in both the public and private sectors.

"This text is a must have for anyone who wants to do more than just simulate sustainability, but prefers to be a true sustainable constructor. Incredibly exhaustive and thorough, yet presented in a very straightforward manner… lends insight into the many sustainable opportunities that a constructor will encounter during the construction process and offers guidance toward how to make sustainable decisions."
—David W. Martin, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, USA

"… one of the most thorough and comprehensive books on the subject of sustainability in the engineering and construction industry. Sustainability must be viewed in a holistic way, and this book is the first I have seen that truly covers the breadth of our complex and evolving industry."
—Bill Morrison, Vice President, Skanska USA Inc., New York, USA