1st Edition

Solid Acid Catalysis From Fundamentals to Applications

By Hideshi Hattori, Yoshi Ono Copyright 2015
    530 Pages 171 B/W Illustrations
    by Jenny Stanford Publishing

    Solids that possess acidic properties on their surfaces function as catalysts just like liquid acids, such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid. By using solid acid catalysts, chemical processes become more productive and more environmentally friendly. In fact, solid acids are being used in many industrial chemical processes from the largest chemical process of catalytic cracking in petroleum refining to the synthesis of various fine chemicals. This book covers the fundamentals of solid acid catalysis, including its history and characterization, and discusses different types of catalysts and solid acid-catalyzed reactions as well as their industrial applications. It comprehensively covers from fundamentals to applications and will be useful for students, young researchers, and advanced researchers.

    Introduction
    Types of solid acid catalysts
    Advantages of solid acid catalysts
    Historical overviews of solid acid catalysts
    Future outlook

    Solid Acids Catalysis
    Definition of acid and base -Brnsted acid and Lewis acid-
    Acid sites on surfaces
    Acid strength
    Role of acid sites in catalysis
    Bifunctional catalysis
    Pore size effect on catalysis –shape selectivity–

    Characterization of Solid Acid Catalysts
    Indicator method
    Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of ammonia
    Calorimetry of adsorption of basic molecules
    Infrared spectroscopy
    NMR spectroscopy
    Test reactions

    Catalytic properties of solid acid catalysts
    Zeolites
    Aluminophosphate molecular sieve
    Ordered mosoporous materials
    Heteropoly acids
    Clay
    Alumina and modified alumina
    Zirconia and modified zirconia
    Mixed oxides
    Supported acids
    Ion-exchange resins

    Hydrocarbon transformations–mechanisms and industrial processes
    Introduction
    Fluidized catalytic cracking
    Alkylation of benzene
    Isomerization of alkanes
    Production of p-xylene
    Methanol to hydrocabons

    Synthesis of organic chemicals through solid acid catalysis
    Alkylation
    Acylation
    Esterification and transesterification
    Reactions of epoxides
    Dehydration
    Conversion of trioses into lactates
    Hydration of alkenes
    Isomerization/rearrangement
    Acetalization, thioacetalization
    Prins reaction - Nopol synthesis
    Synthesis of flavones and chromenes
    Synthesis of xanthenes
    Pechmann condensation
    Friedländer reaction
    Synthesis of amides
    Biginelli reaction
    Strecker reaction

    Biography

    Hideshi Hattori is joint professor at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia, and research-promoting professor at Catalysis Research Center, Hokkaido University, Japan, as well as professor emeritus at Hokkaido University. He is former president of the Catalysis Society of Japan. He chaired the Fourth Tokyo Conference on Advanced Catalytic Science and Technology, held in 2002, and the International Symposia on Acid–Base Catalysis II and IV. Prof. Hattori’s field of interest is solid acid and base catalysis.

    Yoshio Ono is professor emeritus at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan, and the National Institution for Academic Degrees and University Evaluation, Japan. He has authored about 300 papers and reviews and is former president of the Catalysis Society of Japan and the Japan Association of Zeolites. He is one of the founding editors of Catalysis Surveys from Asia. Prof. Ono’s research interests include catalysis by zeolites and solid acids and bases.

    "This monograph follows up and complements another book by the same authors—Solid Base Catalysis— published in 2011. It represents a unique account of the historical background of heterogeneous catalysis and its industrial applications in petrochemistry and synthesis of major organic chemicals. It includes a majority of actual reactions and processes in the field and a concentrate of the most recent discoveries and applications. An excellent book describing acidity function, the main acid-type solid catalysts, their characterization, many details on reaction mechanisms, and their applications, it is very well documented and written homogenously, with an up-to-date analysis of the field. The book is highly recommended for both young and established scientists."

    —Prof. Jacques C. Védrine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, France