1st Edition
Advanced Particle Physics Volume II The Standard Model and Beyond
Helping readers understand the complicated laws of nature, Advanced Particle Physics Volume II: The Standard Model and Beyond explains the calculations, experimental procedures, and measuring methods of particle physics, particularly quantum chromodynamics (QCD). It also discusses extensions to the Standard Model and the physics of massive neutrinos.
Divided into three parts, this volume begins with QCD. It explains the quantization scheme using functional integrals and investigates renormalization problems. The book also calculates cross sections of basic hard processes and covers nonperturbative methods, such as the lattice approach and QCD vacuum. The next part focuses on electroweak interactions, in which the author describes the Glashow–Weinberg–Salam theory and presents composite models and a left-right symmetric model as extensions to the Standard Model. The book concludes with chapters on massive neutrino physics that cover neutrino properties, neutrino oscillation in vacuum and matter, and solar and atmospheric neutrinos.
QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS
Canonical Quantization
Fundamental relations of chromodynamics
Gauge invariance in QCD
Quantization of free gluon field
Feynman rules in QCD with covariant gauge
Formalism of Functional Integration
Functional integral in quantum mechanics
Boson fields quantization by means of functional integrals method
Fermion fields quantization by means of functional integrals method
Functional formulation of QCD
Renormalization and Unitarity
Primitive divergent diagrams
Slavnov–Taylor identities
Ghosts and S-matrix unitarity
Renormalization of one-loop diagrams
Asymptotical Freedom
Callan–Symanzik equation
Evolution of effective coupling constant in QCD
Chiral Symmetries
Current algebras
Weak and electromagnetic currents of hadrons
Adler’s sum rules for neutrino reactions
Goldstone theorem
Hypothesis of partially conserved axial current
U(1)-problem
Anomalies
Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly (perturbative approach)
Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly (nonperturbative approach)
π0 → γγ decay
Chiral anomalies and chiral gauge theories
Anomalous breaking of scale invariance
Hard Processes in QCD
e−e+ annihilation into hadrons
Deep inelastic scattering of leptons by proton
Parton distribution functions
Quark-gluon dynamics
Scaling violation. Altarelli–Parisi equation
Fragmentation functions
Drell–Yan process
Gauge bosons production at hadron collisions
Higgs bosons production
Lattice QCD
Lattice approach
Scalar field
Fermion fields
Geometric interpretation of gauge invariance
QCD action
Confinement
Hadron masses
Quark-Gluon Plasma
Aggregate states of matter
Looking for QGP
QGP within holographic duality
Resume
QCD Vacuum
Kinks and breathers
Topology and vacuum in gauge theory
Vortices and monopoles
Instantons
Instanton physics
QCD Experimental Status
ELECTROWEAK INTERACTIONS
Glashow–Weinberg–Salam Theory
Choice of gauge group
Lagrangian in generalized renormalizable gauge
Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix
Four-fermion invariants and Fierz identities
Muon decays
(g − 2)μ anomaly
Effects of interference of weak and electromagnetic interactions
Neutrino-electron scattering
Neutrino-nucleon scattering
Physics beyond the Standard Model
Models, models
Multipole moments of gauge bosons
Left-right model
Left-right model in the making
NEUTRINO PHYSICS
Neutrino Properties
Neutrino mass in models with SU(2)L × U(1)Y gauge group
Multipole moments of neutrinos
Neutrino Oscillation in Vacuum
Description in formalism of de Broglie’s waves
Oscillations and uncertainty relation
Wave packet treatment of neutrino oscillations
Evolution equation for neutrino
Neutrino Oscillation in Matter
Neutrino motion in condensate matter
Adiabatic approximation
Nonadiabatic effects
Neutrino oscillations in magnetic field
Neutrino oscillations in LRM
Solar Neutrinos
Some information about Sun structure
Sources of solar neutrinos
Detection of solar neutrinos
Analysis of neutrino observation data
Neutrino propagation through Earth
Atmospheric Neutrinos
Cosmic rays
Atmospheric neutrino production
Atmospheric neutrino detection
Results and Perspectives
References appear at the end of each section.
Biography
Oleg Boyarkin is a professor of theoretical physics at Belarus State Pedagogical University. Dr. Boyarkin has authored several physics books and was nominated as International Scientist of the Year 2007 by the International Biographical Centre of Cambridge.