Introduction
Aim and Scope
General Electronic Measurements and Frequency Limitations
Applications and Importance of Microwave Measurements
Overview of State-of-the-Art Microwave Measurements
References
Background Information
S-Parameters and Related Black-Box Representation
Spectra of Commonly Encountered Signals
Microwave Filters and Directional Couplers
Microwave Mixers, Switches, Attenuators, and Connectors
Conclusion
Problems
References
Traditional Measurement Techniques
The Power Meter
Transmission Measurement
Reflection Measurement
Conclusion
Problems
References
Vector Network Analyzer
Enhancement of Scalar Measurement
Basic Vector Measurements
Architecture of the Vector Network Analyzer
Network Analyzer Calibration
Frequency Offset and Mixer Measurement
Time Gating
Material Property Measurement Using the VNA
Nonlinear Measurements and X-Parameters
Conclusion
Problems
References
Spectrum Analyzer
Common Measurements Using the Spectrum Analyzer
Types of Signal Analyzers
Basic Idea Behind Spectrum Analyzers
Building Blocks of a Spectrum Analyzer
Features of the Spectrum Analyzer
Extending the Frequency Range
Dynamic Range and Sensitivity
Component Characterization
Conclusion
Problems
References
Noise Measurements
Definition
Noise Measurement Basics
Special Consideration for Mixers
Phase Noise
Phase Noise Measurement Techniques
Problems
References
Microwave Signal Generation
Oscillator Circuits
The Crystal Oscillator
Tunable Oscillator
Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS)
PLL-Based Synthesizers
Fractional-N Synthesis
Useful Components
Conclusion
Problems
References
Microwave Oscilloscopes
Introduction
Overview of Real-Time Oscilloscope and Sampling
Oscilloscope: Real-Time Oscilloscope (Single-Shot
Oscilloscope)
High-Speed ADC: Working Principle
Limitations of the Real-Time Oscilloscope
Probe
Conclusion
Problems
References
Wafer Probing
Overview
Commonly Used Probe Configuration
Planar Calibration Standards
References
Application Examples
Finger Modeling Using Vector Network Analyzer
Measurement of Noise Figure of a Mixer
References
Appendix
Index
Biography
Ananjan Basu completed his BTech in Electrical engineering and MTech in Communication and Radar Engineering from IIT Delhi in 1991 and 1993, respectively, and his PhD in electrical engineering from the University of California, Los Angeles, in 1998. He has been employed at the Centre for Applied Research in Electronics, IIT Delhi as visiting faculty from 1999 to 2000, as assistant professor from 2000 to 2005, as associate professor from 2005 to 2012, and as professor from 2013. His specialization is in microwave and millimeter-wave component design and characterization. He has published more than 80 papers in journals and conferences.
"... highly tutorial to help readers understand the fundamental basics in microwave measurements. Numerous equations derived step by step make the book adequate as a textbook. The examples and problem sets in each chapter offer a good chance for students to study and practice. ... [The text] has broad coverage of new updates to lift readers’ interest to an upper level. This is not commonly seen in other reference books for measurement techniques. For example, the chapter on vector network analyzers begins with the measurement of one-port scalar return loss, and then extends to two-port vector analysis. It explains the concept of calibration, and goes through the complicated mathematical formulations. Better yet, it touches on X-parameters in non-linear distortion characterization, newly introduced in recent IEEE papers. ... This book extends from the fundamental measurement theory to modern circuit characterization techniques. ... Students of little microwave engineering background shall be able to catch the concept without problem. Not only can they pick up the knowledge of what is inside the common microwave testing equipment, such as network analyzers, spectrum analyzers, and oscilloscopes, but also build up the ability to properly operate [the equipment]. This book is written to be quite readable. It can serve the purpose of self study as well. In my opinion, experienced microwave engineers can benefit from this book as a supplementary reference."
—Chien-Nan Kuo, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
"The topics explain microwave measurements using microwave instruments such as microwave network analyzer and spectrum analyzers etc. The book gives good mathematical background involved in measurement."
—T.S. Kalkur, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs
