1st Edition
Art and Architecture of Migration and Discrimination Turkey, Pakistan, and their European Diasporas
This book brings together essays by established and emerging scholars that discuss Pakistan, Turkey, and their diasporas in Europe. Together, the contributions show the scope of diverse artistic media, including architecture, painting, postcards, film, music, and literature, that has responded to the partitions of the twentieth century and the Muslim diasporas in Europe.
Turkey and Pakistan have been subject to two of the largest compulsory population transfers of the twentieth century. They have also been the sites for large magnitudes of emigration during the second half of the twentieth century, creating influential diasporas in European cities such as London and Berlin. Discrimination has been both the cause and result of migration: while internal problems compelled citizens to emigrate from their countries, blatant discriminatory and ideological constructs shaped their experiences in their countries of arrival. Read together, the Partition emerges from the essays in Part I not as a pathology specific to the Balkans, Middle East, or South Asia, but as a central problematic of the new political realities of decolonization and nation formation. The essays in Part II demonstrate the layered histories and multiple migration paths that have shaped the experiences of Berliners and Londoners.
This analysis furthers the study of modernism and migration across the borders of, not only the nation-state, but also class, race, and gender. As a result, this book will be of interest to a broad multidisciplinary academic audience including students and faculty, artists, architects and planners, as well as non-specialist general public interested in visual arts, architecture and urban literature.
Introduction: Migration and Discrimination
Esra Akcan and Iftikhar Dadi
Part 1: Two Partitions
Chapter 1: Partitions and an Anti-Xenophobic Architectural Historiography
Esra Akcan
Chapter 2: Living on Another Displacement’s Ruins: Adana’s Döşeme Neighborhood in Turkey
Aslıhan Günhan
Chapter 3: September 6–7, 1955–ongoing: Discrimination, Dispossession, and Practices of Memory and Survival
Lara Fresko Madra
Chapter 4: Homogenizing the Border: Kars after the Pogrom of 1955
Ecem Sarıçayır
Chapter 5: 1960s Tax Law and Non-Muslim Exodus from Istanbul: Turkification of the City
Ipek Akpınar
Chapter 6: Art and the 1947 Partition of South Asia
Iftikhar Dadi
Chapter 7: Partition Migration and Urbicide in Bapsi Sidhwa’s Ice-Candy Man
Saba Pirzadeh
Chapter 8: "He never said that you leave for ever": South Asian Partition and Film Migration to Pakistan
Salma Siddique
Chapter 9: The Perpetual Mohajirs: Leon Henrard’s Report on Pakistan’s Future
Farhan Karim
Chapter 10: Partition Thinking and the East African Gaze toward Pakistan
Anooradha Iyer Siddiqi
Part 2: Two Diasporas
Chapter 11: Kreuzberg and an Anti-Discriminatory Architectural Historiography
Esra Akcan
Chapter 12: Exile, Postcards, and a Return to Cold War Berlin
Barış Ülker
Chapter 13: Migrants and Muses: Güney Dal’s First Novel Attracts Little Attention When Published in German Translation
Leslie A. Adelson
Chapter 14: Berlin as an Urban Synecdoche for Immigration
Vinh Phu Pham
Chapter 15: Conceiving Solidarity Across Borders
Deniz Göktürk
Chapter 16: Be/longing Berlin: Remembering Futures in Migration
Omar Kasmani
Chapter 17: Pakistani Diaspora Artists in the UK
Iftikhar Dadi
Chapter 18: Rasheed Araeen: An Aesthetics of Resistance
Karen Greenwalt
Chapter 19: The Cinema of Hanif Kureshi: My Beautiful Laundrette (1985)
Ayesha Matthan
Chapter 20: Fun^Da^Mental’s "Jihad Rap"
Ted Swedenburg
Biography
Esra Akcan is a Professor in the Department of Architecture at Cornell University. She completed her architecture degree at the Middle East Technical University in Turkey, and her Ph.D. and postdoctoral degrees at Columbia University in New York. Akcan received awards and fellowships from the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Studies at Harvard University, Graham Foundation, Canadian Center for Architecture, American Academy in Berlin, UIC, Institute for Advanced Studies in Berlin, Clark Institute, Getty Research Institute, CAA, Mellon Foundation, DAAD and KRESS/ARIT. She is the author of Landfill Istanbul (2004); Architecture in Translation: Germany, Turkey and the Modern House (2012); Turkey: Modern Architectures in History (with Sibel Bozdoğan) (2012); Open Architecture: Migration, Citizenship and the Urban Renewal of Berlin-Kreuzberg by IBA-1984/87 (2018); and Abolish Human Bans: Intertwined Histories of Architecture (2022).
Iftikhar Dadi is John H. Burris Professor in History of Art at Cornell University. He researches modern and contemporary art from a transnational perspective, with an emphasis on methodology and intellectual history. Another research interest examines the film, media, and popular cultures of South Asia. He has authored The Lahore Effect: Cinema Between Realism and Fable (2022), Modernism and the Art of Muslim South Asia (2010) and edited The Lahore Biennale Reader (2022) and Anwar Jalal Shemza (2015). He has co-edited Lines of Control: Partition as a Productive Space (2012); Tarjama/Translation (2009); and Unpacking Europe: Towards a Critical Reading (2001). As an artist he collaborates with Elizabeth Dadi. Their work investigates questions of memory and borders in contemporary globalization, and the productive capacities of urban informalities across the Global South.
