Autism: Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Immune Abnormalities

Description

In 2007, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued an autism alarm, estimating that one in 150 children may be affected by autism spectrum disorder. Autism has been treated mainly with technical approaches: principally applied behavior analysis and psychopharmacology. The findings in this book implicate oxidative stress as a common feature in autism, and support the claim that... Read more

In 2007, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued an autism alarm, estimating that one in 150 children may be affected by autism spectrum disorder. Autism has been treated mainly with technical approaches: principally applied behavior analysis and psychopharmacology. The findings in this book implicate oxidative stress as a common feature in autism, and support the claim that oxidative stress and intracellular redox imbalance can be induced or triggered in autism by exposure to certain environmental agents. Such findings could point the way to new treatment approaches in autism.

Autism: Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Immune Abnormalities brings together a wealth of cutting-edge evidence that is already influencing how we treat this serious condition. It looks at the role of neuropathological abnormalities, genetics, and those factors common to oxidative stress such as inflammation, immune dysfunction, aberrant cellular signaling, and gene-environment interactions. Among dozens of research topics, this volume —

Looks at interactions between genetic and environmental factors such as the maternal immune environment and prenatal/postnatal environmental stressors
Summarizes evidence for oxidative damage and inflammation in autism
Introduces a PDD behavior inventory as a tool for assessing autism
Considers autism as an aberrant adaptive response to neuroinflammation and oxidative stress
Examines the role of abnormal calcium signaling and the hypothesis that it may represent a target for novel therapeutics
Presents a hypothesis that autism arises from the dysregulation of a unified gut/brain system rather than originating in the brain alone
Proposes the utility of using a biopsychosocial method to treat autism

This book shows us that autism is not only developmental but also a chronic condition based on active pathophysiology, and that it is not only behavioral but also presents somatic and systemic features. The findings in these chapters support the theory that oxidative stress plays an important role in autism. They also point to the value of conducting in-depth mechanistic studies as a way to uncover new targets for therapeutic intervention in autism.

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Type, Topography, and Sequelae of Neuropathological Changes Shaping Clinical Phenotype of Autism, Jerzy Wegiel, Thomas Wisniewski, Abha Chauhan, Ved Chauhan, Izabela Kuchna, Krzysztof Nowicki, Humi Imaki, Jarek Wegiel, Shuang Yong Ma, Teresa Wierzba Bobrowicz, Ira L. Cohen, Eric London, and W. Ted Brown

Evidence for Oxidative Damage in the Autistic Brain, Teresa A. Evans, George Perry, Mark A. Smith,Robert G. Salomon, Woody R. McGinnis, Elizabeth M. Sajdel-Sulkowska, and Xiongwei Zhu

Oxidative Stress and Neurotrophin Signaling in Autism, Elizabeth M. Sajdel-Sulkowska

Genetics of Autism, W. Ted Brown

Phenotypic Expression of Autism, Maternal Depression, and the Monoamine Oxidase-A Gene, Ira L. Cohen

Paraoxonase 1 Status, Environmental Exposures, and Oxidative Stress in Autism Spectrum Disorders, Maria Dronca and Sergiu P. Pasca

The RedoxMethylation Hypothesis of Autism: A Molecular Mechanism for Heavy Metal-Induced Neurotoxicity, Richard C. Deth and Christina R. Muratore

Autism and Oxidative Stress: Evidence from an Animal Model, Michelle A. Cheh, Alycia K. Halladay, Carrie L. Yochum, Kenneth R. Reuhl, Marianne Polunas, Xue Ming, and George C. Wagner

Neurotoxic Brainstem Impairment as Proposed Threshold Event in Autistic Regression, Woody R. McGinnis, Veronica M. Miller, Tapan Audhya, and Stephen M. Edelson

Abnormalities in Membrane Lipids, Membrane-Associated Proteins, and Signal Transduction in Autism, Ved Chauhan and Abha Chauhan

Mitochondrial Component of Calcium Signaling Abnormality in Autism, J. Jay Gargus

Inflammation and Neuroimmunity in the Pathogenesis of Autism: Neural and Immune Network Interactions, Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar and Andrew W. Zimmerman

Possible Impact of Innate Immunity on Autism, Harumi Jyonouchi

Autism, Gastrointestinal Disturbance, and Immune Dysfunction: What Is the Link, Paul Ashwood, Amanda Enstrom, and Judy Van de Water

Possible Mechanism Involving Intestinal Oxytocin, Oxidative Stress, and Signaling Pathways in a Subset of Autism with Gut Symptoms, Martha G. Welch and Benjamin Y. Klein

Cytokine Polymorphisms in Autism:Their Role in Immune Alterations, Fabián Crespo, Rafael Fernandez-Botran, Christopher Tillquist, Lonnie Sears, Meghan Mott, and Manuel Casanova

Autism, Teratogenic Alleles, HLA-DR4, and Immune Function, William G. Johnson, Steven Buyske, Edward S. Stenroos, and George H. Lambert

Autism: The Centrality of Active Pathophysiology andthe Shift from Static to Chronic Dynamic Encephalopathy, Martha R. Herbert

A Reevaluation of the State of Autism Treatment: The Need for a Biopsychosocial Perspective, Eric London