Preface
Review of Topics in Probability and Statistics
Introduction to Probability
Conditional Probability
Random Variables
The Uniform distribution
The Normal distribution
The Binomial Distribution
The Poisson Distribution
The Chi–Squared Distribution
Student’s t–distribution
The F-distribution
The Hypergeometric Distribution
The Exponential Distribution
Exercises
Use of Simulation Techniques
Introduction
What can we accomplish with simulations?
How to employ a simple simulation strategy
Generation of Pseudorandom Numbers
Generating Discrete and Continuous random variables
Testing Random Number Generators
A Brief Note on the Efficiency of Simulation Algorithms
Exercises
The Central Limit Theorem
Introduction
The Strong Law of Large Numbers
The Central Limit Theorem
Summary of the Inferential Properties of the Sample Mean
Appendix: Program Listings
Exercises
Correlation and Regression
Introduction
Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient
Simple Linear Regression
Multiple Regression
Visualization of Data
Model Assessment and Related Topics
Polynomial Regression
Smoothing Techniques
Appendix: A Short Tutorial in Matrix Algebra
Exercises
Analysis of Variance
Introduction
One–Way Analysis of Variance
General Contrast
Multiple Comparisons Procedures
Gabriel’s method
Dunnett’s Procedure
Two-Way Analysis of Variance: Factorial Design
Two-Way Analysis of Variance: Randomized Complete Blocks
Analysis of Covariance
Exercises
DiscreteMeasures of Risk
Introduction
Odds Ratio (OR) and Relative Risk (RR)
Calculating risk in the presence of confounding
Logistic Regression
Using SAS and R for Logistic Regression
Comparison of Proportions for Paired Data
Exercises
Multivariate Analysis
The Multivariate Normal Distribution
One and Two Sample Multivariate Inference
Multivariate Analysis of Variance
Multivariate Regression Analysis
Classification Methods
Exercises
Analysis of Repeated Measures Data
Introduction
Plotting Repeated Measures Data
Univariate Approaches for the Analysis of Repeated Measures Data
Covariance Pattern Models
Multivariate Approaches
Modern Approaches for the Analysis of Repeated Measures Data
Analysis of Incomplete Repeated Measures Data
Exercises
NonparametricMethods
Introduction
Comparing Paired Distributions
Comparing Two Independent Distributions
Kruskal–Wallis Test
Spearman’s rho
The Bootstrap
Exercises
Analysis of Time to Event Data
Incidence Density (ID)
Introduction to Survival Analysis
Estimation of the Survival Curve
Estimating the Hazard Function
Comparing Survival in Two Groups
Cox Proportional Hazards Model
Cumulative Incidence
Exercises
Sample size and power calculations
Sample sizes and power for tests of normally distributed data
Sample size and power for Repeated Measures Data
Sample size and power for survival analysis
Constructing Power Curves
Exercises
Appendix A: Using SAS
Introduction
Data input in SAS
Some Graphical Procdures: PROC PLOT and PROC CHART
Some Simple Data Analysis Procedures
Diagnosing errors in SAS programs
Exercises
Appendix B: Using R
Introduction
Getting started
Input/Output
Some Simple Data Analysis Procedures
Using R for plots
Comparing an R–session to a SAS session
Diagnosing problems in R programs
Exercises
References
Index
Biography
Stewart Anderson
"The book presents important topics in biostatistics alongside examples provided in the programming languages SAS and R. … The book covers many relevant topics every student should know in a way that it makes it easy to follow … each chapter provides exercises encouraging the reader to deepen her/his understanding. I really like that the theory is presented in a clear manner without interruptions of example programs. Instead, the programs are always presented at the end of a section. … this book can serve as a good start for the more statistics inclined students who haven’t yet recognized that in order to become a good biostatistician, you need to be able to write your own code. … I can recommend to all serious students who want to get a thorough start into this field."
—Frank Emmert-Streib, Queen’s University Belfast, CHANCE, August 2013
