A concise and liberally illustrated working guide on Broodmare health and breeding management for veterinarians, veterinary students and breeders. The presentation includes all of the clinical procedures and assessments necessary for maintaining the health and breeding soundness of the Broodmare. This handy reference covers the use of ultrasonography for diagnosis and monitoring of the mare, cytologic studies essential to diagnosis, normal and abnormal reproductive anatomy, culturing techniques for infections, diseases affecting the reproductive capacity of the broodmare and detailed guidelines for effective breeding. It provides detailed protocols for vaccination and management of important reproductive diseases and disorders. The practical presentation includes thorough guidelines for the Breeding Soundness Examination. All aspects of assisted reproduction (embryo transfer, follicular aspiration, and oocyte collection) are evaluated and step-by-step procedures are provided.
Published by Teton New Media in the USA and distributed by CRC Press outside of North America.
Section 1: Equine Reproductive Efficiency
General Principles
Some Helpful Hints
Definitions
Rates, Terms, and Efficieny
Factors Influencing Pregnancy Rate
Causes of Early Embryonic Death (EED)
Section 2: Breeding Management Systems
Terms and Terminology
Estrous Detection and Teasing Program
Behavior
Pasture Mating
Hand Mating
Artificial Insemination
Section 3: Preventive Medicine Program for Broodmares
Biosecurity
Immunizations
Equine Influenza
Equine Herpesvirus
Equine Encephalitides
Equine Arteritis Virus
Rabies
Rotavirus
Equine strangles
Anthrax
Potomac Horse Fever, Equine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis
Equine Protozoal Myelitis/Myeloencephalitis
Tetanus Toxoid
Botulism
Parasite Control
Nutrition
Section 4: Anatomy and Physiology
Perineal Conformation and Anatomy
Vulva, Vestibule, and Vagina
Uterus, Uterine Tubes, Ovaries and Adnexa
Cervix
Uterus
Oviducts
Ovaries
Adnexa
Physiology of Ova Production and Fertilization
Folliculogenesis
Oogenesis
Fertilization
Section 5: Seasonality, the Estrous Cycle and its Manipulation and Artificial Control
Seasonality
The Estrous Cycle
Points of Control
Progestogens
Prostaglandins
Gonadotropins
Options for Management
Estrous Synchronization Programs
Artificial Lighting
Estrus Suppression in Show and Performance Mares
Section 6: Breeding Serviceability Exam of the Mare
History and Signalment
Physical Examination
External Perineum
Vaginal Examination
Rectal Exam and Ultrasonnography
Endometrial Cytology
Endometrial Culture
Endometrial Biopsy
Hysteroscopy
Other Diagnostics
Section 7: Breeding Management
Estrous Detection
Examinations
Records
Breeding by Live Cover
Breeding by Artificial Insemination
Fresh Semen on the Farm
Transported Extended Cooled Semen
Frozen Semen
Low-dose Hysteroscopic Insemination
Ovulation Management
hCG
Deslorelin
Prostaglandin F2-alpha
Post-Breeding Examination and Treatments
Section 8: Pregnancy Diagnosis
Behavioral Signs of Pregnancy
Vaginoscopy
Rectal Examination for Signs of Pregnancy
Transrectal Ultrasonography
Hormonal Evaluations
Progesterone
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG, PMSG)
Estrogens
Tandem Hormons Assy
Relaxin
Management of Twin Conception
Early Intervention
Late Intervention
Fetal Sexing
Transabdominal Ultrasonograpy
Section 9: Early Embryonic Loss
Early Pregnancy Considerations
Age Related Considerations
Uterine Tube Considerations
Uterine Environment Considerations
Section 10: Infectious Causes of Endometritis and Treatment Options
Endometritis
Endometrosis
Anatomic Barriers of Defense
Physical Clearance Mechanism
Infectious Causes of Endometritis
Uterine Lavage
Uterine Ecbolics
Antimicrobial Therapy
Disinfectant Therapy
Alternative Therapy
Plasma
Colostrum
Mannose
Immunostimulants
Endometrial Curettage
Section 11 Non-infectious Causes of Infertility
Cytogenetic Causes of Infertility
Definitions
Etiology
Three Groups of Individuals
Intersexuality
Gonadal Dysgenesis
Hybrids
Ovarian Tumors and Conditions
Granulosa Thecal Cell tumors
Hematoma
Cystadenoma
Teratomas
Lymphosarcoma
Dysgerminoma
Arrhenoblastoma
Cystic Ovaries
Paraovarian Cyst
Other Causes of Non-Infectious Infertility
Twinning
Early Embryonic Death
Oviduct/Salpingitis
Uterine Cysts
Uterine Tumors
Abnormalities of the Cervix
Autoantibodies to the Zona Pellucida
Sperm Agglutinins
Hypothyroidism
Equine Cushing’s Disease
Nutrition and Body Condition
Breeding Mismanagement
Transitional Season
Prolonged Lifespan of CL
Environmental Stress
Pregnancy
Section 12 Assisted Reproductive Technologies
Components of ART
The Realities of ART
Why ART in Horses?
Limits Imposed
Artificial Insemination/ Intrauterine Insemination
Embryo Transfer
Embryo Flushing Procedure
Embryo Shipment
Embryo Cryopreservation
Indications
Usual Procedure
Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
Intrafollicular Insemination
In Vitro Fertilization
Oocyte Retrieval/ Ovum Pick-up/ Follicular Aspiratoin
Oocyte Transfer or Intrafollicular Transfer of Oocytes
Oocyte Cryopreservation
Xenogeneic Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer
Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer
Glossary of Reproductive Terms
Index
Recommended Readings
