1st Edition

China’s Modern Economic Statecraft A Wealth-Power Dialectic

By Zhang Xiaotong Copyright 2025
106 Pages
by Routledge

106 Pages
by Routledge

This compelling exploration delves into President Xi Jinping's ambitious efforts to restore China to its historical role as a global leader through innovative economic means. Bridging the philosophies of Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping, Xi's approach is a unique synthesis of Marxist-Developmentalist ideas, aiming to convert China's accumulated national wealth into great power status. At the heart... Read more

List of Tables

Abstract
Acknowledgements


Introduction: China’s New Economic Statecraft in the Making
0.1 The Concept of “Major Country Economic Diplomacy”
0.2 China’s Major Country Economic Statecraft in the Making
0.2.1 China’s Current National Conditions and Stage of Development
0.2.2 China’s Regime Characteristics
0.2.2 China's Civilizational Characteristics and Historical Depth
0.3 Major Challenges Preventing China from Practicing Great Power Economic Statecraft                            0.4 Structure of This Book


1. China’s Classic Economic Statecraft: Confucius-Mencius Philosophy                                                   1.1 Classic Chinese Thoughts on Statecraft – Confucius-Mencius Philosophy
1.2 Confucius-Mencius Thoughts on Economic Statecraft
1.3 The Tribute System: China’s Classic Institution of Economic Statecraft
1.4 Historical Initiatives of China’s Economic Statecraft
1.5 Major Challenges for China’s Classic Economic Statecraft

2. China’s Contemporary Economic Statecraft: A Marxist -Developmentalist Synthesis
2.1 Marxist Economic Statecraft: Mao Zedong’s Way
2.2 Developmentalist Economic Statecraft: Deng Xiaoping’s Way
2.3 A Continuation of Deng Xiaoping’s Way: Economic Statecraft of Jiang Zemin (1989-2002)
2.4 A Continuation of Deng Xiaoping’s Way: Economic Statecraft of Hu Jintao (2002-2012)

3. Hu Jintao’s Time: The Origin of China’s New Economic Statecraft
3.1 Rise of China’s Economy
3.2 Hu Jintao’s Developmentalist Economic Statecraft
3.3 Hu Jintao’s Efforts in Translating China’s Wealth to Global Influence


4. Xi Jinping’s New Economic Statecraft (2012-2017): Marxist -Developmentalist Synthesis based on Confucius-Mencius Philosophy
4.1 Xi Jinping’s New Economic Statecraft (2012-2017): Marxist -Developmentalist Synthesis based on Confucius-Mencius Philosophy
4.1.1 Xi Jinping’s Developmentalist Approach to Economic Statecraft
4.1.2 Xi Jinping’s Marxist Approach to Economic Statecraft
4.1.3 Xi Jinping’s Historical Approach to Economic Statecraft Based upon Confucius-Mencius Philosophy
4.2 Xi Jinping’s Major-Country Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics (2017-2022)
4.3 Xi Jinping’s Governance Revolution


5. Xi Jinping’s Economic Statecraft in the Era of Dramatic Changes Unseen in a Century (2018-2023)
5.1 China’s Diplomatic Confrontation with the West
5.2 China’s Strained Economy
5.3 Xi’s Economic Statecraft: Challenges, Retrenchment and Resilience


Conclusion: The Wealth-Power Dialectic: Fundamental to China's Economic Statecraft
6.1 Three Approaches of China’s Economic Statecraft
6.1.1 Emperor Zhu Di’s Approach to Economic Statecraft                                                                        6.1.2 Mao Zedong’s Approach to Economic Statecraft
6.1.3 Deng Xiaoping’s Approach to Economic Statecraft
6.2 China’s Post-1978 Economic Statecraft Model: Marxist-Developmentalist Compromise
6.3 Xi Jinping’s Grand Synthesis: Marxist-Developmentalist Statecraft Enlightened by Confucius-Mencius
6.4 Overstretch: The Biggest Challenge to Xi Jinping’s Major-Country Economic Statecraft


Biography

Zhang Xiaotong is a professor in the Department of Political Science and International Relations and Director of the China and Central Asia Studies Center at KIMEP University, Kazakhstan. He obtained his PhD in political science from the Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) in Belgium.