1st Edition

Communist Perspectives on Atheism in the Twentieth Century

Edited By Eva Guigo-Patzelt Copyright 2025
174 Pages 3 B/W Illustrations
by Routledge

This book offers an analysis of the wide range of attitudes that communist movements and regimes adopted towards atheism during the 20th century. Despite the well-known violent fight of the Bolsheviks against believers, for example, and religious persecution in communist regimes at different times, being a communist did not always go hand in hand with being an atheist oneself or with the will to... Read more

Contributors

 

Foreword: The Spectre of Atheism (Pierre-Antoine Fabre)

 

Introduction: Investigating Causes of Atheism and Atheisation in Communist Contexts (Eva Guigo-Patzelt)

 

SECTION 1: THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNIST ATHEISM IN INTERWAR AND POST-WORLD WAR II EUROPE

 

Chapter 1: “Sacred Parasites” or “People’s Allies”: The Greek Socialist Movement between Christian-Socialism and Bolshevik Anti-Clericalism (1880-1940) (Kostas Paloukis)

 

Chapter 2: Technocratic Secularism and Religion in Communist Albania (Artan R. Hoxha)

 

Chapter 3: “Is Marxism Necessarily Atheistic?”: Gustav Wetter, the Holy See and the Condemnation of Communism (Marie Lucas and Mikhail Velizhev)

 

SECTION 2: EASTERN EUROPEAN AMBIVALENCES IN THE 1970S AND 1980S

 

Chapter 4: Formation and Dissolution of the Museum for the Development of Social Consciousness in Bratislava (Jan Tesař)

 

Chapter 5: New Thinking in the Nuclear Age? Marxist-Leninist Conceptions of War and Peace in the GDR in the 1980s and the Dialogue with Churches and Christians (Stephen G. Brown)

 

Chapter 6: Shifting Paradigms: Religiosity and Atheization in Socialist Slovenia (Gašper Mithans and Mateja Režek)

 

SECTION 3: REALIGNMENTS OF COMMUNISM AND ATHEISM IN VARYING RELIGIOUS EXTRA-EUROPEAN CONTEXTS

 

Chapter 7: “Muslim Communists”: Afghan Atheism in the 20th Century (Sayed Hassan Akhlaq)

 

Chapter 8: Navigating “Superstition”, Science, and (Non-)Belief: Religious Engineering and Dynamics of Secularism in the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, 1955-1975 (Thao Nghiem)

 

Index

Biography

Eva Guigo-Patzelt is an associate member of CéSor - Centre d’études en sciences sociales du religieux (EHESS/CNRS) in France and a project lead within the Explaining Atheism Programme led by Queen’s University Belfast in Northern Ireland.