DNA Liquid-Crystalline Dispersions and Nanoconstructions

THE LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE STATE OF DNA
The Condensed State of the High-Molecular-Mass Double-Stranded DNA
The DNA Condensation and Aggregation
Polyphosphates as a Simplified DNA Model
Models of High-Molecular-Mass DNA Condensation in Water–Polymeric Solutions
Grosberg Model of High-Molecular-Mass DNA Condensation

Liquid-Crystalline Phases of the Low-Molecular-Mass Double-Stranded DNA Molecules
Ordering of Low-Molecular-Mass Double-Stranded DNAs
Brief Concept of Types of Liquid-Crystalline Phases
Liquid-Crystalline Phases of Low-Molecular-Mass Double-Stranded DNA Molecules

Dispersions of Low-Molecular-Mass Double-Stranded DNA Molecules
Low-Molecular-Mass Double-Stranded DNA Dispersions in Water–Polymer Solutions
Formation of DNA Dispersions in PEG-Containing Solutions

Circular Dichroism of Nucleic Acid Dispersions
Circular Dichroism as a Method of Proof of Cholesteric Packing of Nucleic Acid Molecules in Dispersion Particles and Analysis of Their Properties
Effect of Different Factors on Formation and Properties of CLCD Particles
Parameter of Nucleic Acid Molecule Order in CLCD Particles

Polymorphism of Liquid-Crystalline Structures Formed by (DNA-Polycation) Complexes
Some Peculiarities of Interaction of DNA Molecules with Polycations
Specificity of Chitosan Binding to DNA
Formation of Dispersions of (DNA–Chitosan) Complexes
CD Spectra of Dispersions Formed by (DNA–Chitosan) Complexes
X-Ray Parameters of Phases Formed by (DNA–Chitosan) Complexes
Dependence of Efficiency of CLCD Formation by (DNA–Chitosan) Complexes on Various Factors
Peculiarities of Interaction of Chitosan Molecules with Nucleic Acids
Attempt at a Theoretical Description of Interactions Occurring in the (DNA–Chitosan) Complexes and Resulting in the Formation of Liquid-Crystalline Dispersions with Different Optical Properties

Liquid-Crystalline State of DNA Circular Molecules
Phase Exclusion of Circular Molecules of Nucleic Acids
Formation of Dispersions From Circular Superhelical DNA
CD Spectra of Circular Superhelical DNA Dispersions Under Conditions That Modify Parameters of Their Secondary Structure
Packing Density and Rearrangement of the Spatial Structure of Superhelical DNA Molecules in LCD Particles
Topological Forms and Rearrangement of the Spatial Organization of Superhelical DNA Molecules in LCD Particles

DNA LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE FORMS AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
Liquid-Crystalline State of DNA in Biological Objects
DNA and Biological Objects

DNA Reactions under Conditions Causing Liquid-Crystalline Dispersions
Molecular Crowding
Condensation of DNA under the Effect of Chitosan in Conditions Causing Molecular Crowding
Activity of Nucleolytic Enzymes Under Conditions of Molecular Crowding
Activity of Proteolytic Enzymes under Conditions of Molecular Crowding

DNA LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE DISPERSIONS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOSENSORICS
Nanoconstructions Based on Nucleic Acid Molecules
The General Concept of Nanotechnology
Biological Molecules as a Background for Nanodesign
Two Strategies of Nanodesign Based on NA Molecules

Biosensors Based on Nucleic Acids
General Concept of Construction and Operation of Biosensors
Double-Stranded DNA Molecule as Polyfunctional Biosensing Unit
Content and Principle of Operation of an Optical Biosensor Based on DNA Liquid-Crystalline Dispersions
DNA CLCD Particles as Sensing Units
Sandwich-Type Biosensing Units Based on (DNA–Polycation) Liquid-Crystalline Dispersions
DNA Nanoconstruction as a Sensing Unit (New Type of Biodetectors)
Hydrogels Containing DNA NaCs as New "Film-Type Biodetectors

Index

Biography

Yevdokimov Yuri Mikhailovich - Dr. Sci. (Chemistry), Professor: Head of the Condensed State of Nucleic Acids laboratory at Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Interests: chemistry of natural and physiologically relevant compounds (especially, nucleic acids), lyotropic liquid crystals of biopolymers, biosensors, and nanotechnology of nucleic acids.

Salyanov Victor Ivanovich - Ph.D. (Chemistry): Senior research scientist of the Condensed State of Nucleic Acids laboratory at Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Interests: chemistry of natural and physiologically relevant compounds, lyotropic liquid crystals of nucleic acids, and nanotechnology of nucleic acids.

Semenov Sergey Victorovich - Ph.D. (Physics): Senior research scientist at the Russian Research Center’s Kurchatov Institute
Interests: physics of liquid crystals, elementary particles physics and interaction of radiation with matter

Skuridin Sergey Gennadievich - Dr. Sci. (Molecular Biology): Leading research scientist of the Condensed State of Nucleic Acids laboratory at Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Interests: biochemistry of natural and physiologically relevant compounds, lyotropic liquid crystals of nucleic acids, biosensors, and nanotechnology of nucleic acids.