1st Edition
Descent of the Dialectic Phronetic Criticism in an Age of Nihilism
This book reconstructs the concept and practice of dialectics as a means of grounding a critical theory of society. At the center of this project is the thesis of phronetic criticism or a form of reason that is able to synthesize human value with objective rationality.
This book argues that defects in modern forms of social reason are the result of the powers of social structure and the norms and purposes they embody. Increasingly, modern societies are driven not by substantive values concerning human good but by the technical imperatives of economic management leading to a cultural condition of nihilism that has eroded dialectical consciousness. The first half of the book demonstrates the various ways that social power erodes and undermines critical-rational forms of consciousness. The second part of the book constructs an alternative basis for critical reason by showing how it requires seeing human value as essentially ontological: that is, constituted by objective forms of sociality that either promote human freedom or pervert our capacities and drives toward pathological forms of life. The philosophical claim is that a critical theory of ethics must be rooted in these concrete forms of life and that this will serve as a critical vantage point for critical political judgment and transformational praxis.
Descent of the Dialectic will be of interest to researchers working in philosophy, political theory, social theory, and critical theory.
Preface
Introduction
Part 1: Nihilism and the Descent of Dialectics
1. On Dialectical Reason and its Descent
2. Reification as an Ontological Concept
3. Value Irrationality and the Failures of Deliberative Democracy
4. On the Concept of Social Pathology
Part 2: Dialectics, Ontology and Phronetic Criticism
5. Negation without Ontology: Rethinking Adorno’s Late Philosophy
6. Ontologizing the Dialectic: Lukács on the Foundations for a Marxian Ethics
7. Toward an Ontology of Social Relations
8. Critical Social Ontology and the Practice of Phronetic Criticism
Biography
Michael J. Thompson is Professor of Political Theory at William Paterson University and a psychoanalyst in New York City. His recent books include: The Domestication of Critical Theory, The Specter of Babel: A Reconstruction of Political Judgment and Twilight of the Self: The Decline of the Individual in Late Capitalism.
"Looking to explain the limited prospects for emancipatory transformation emerging from contemporary critical thought, Thompson encourages us to move beyond the paradigms of communicative action and recognition theory in order to diagnose effectively the disfigurements of subjectivity today. He argues compellingly for a critical reason that addresses the pathological ways in which processes of socialisation shape individuals, leaving the latter unable to question their own value-orientations. Fusing a critical account of Adorno’s later philosophy with fresh readings of Aristotle, Marx, Hegel, and Lukács, Thompson constructs a critical humanism for the twenty-first century."
Robert P. Jackson, Manchester Metropolitan University, UK
