1st Edition
Designing Green Networks and Network Operations Saving Run-the-Engine Costs
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In recent years, socio-political trends toward environmental responsibility and the pressing need to reduce Run-the-Engine (RTE) costs have resulted in the concept of Green IT. Although a significant amount of energy is used to operate routing, switching, and transmission equipment, comparatively less attention has been paid to Green Networking. A clear and concise introduction to green networks and green network operations, Designing Green Networks and Network Operations: Saving Run-the-Engine Costs guides you through the techniques available to achieve efficiency goals for corporate and carrier networks, including deploying more efficient hardware, blade form-factor routers and switches, and pursuing consolidation, virtualization, and network and cloud computing.
The book:
- Delineates techniques to minimize network power, cooling, floor space, and online storage while optimizing service performance, capacity, and availability
- Discusses virtualization, network computing, and Web services as approaches for green data centers and networks
- Emphasizes best practices and compliance with international standards for green operations
- Extends the green data center techniques to the networking environment
- Incorporates green principles in the intranet, extranet, and the entire IT infrastructures
- Reviews networking, power management, HVAC and CRAC basics
- Presents methodical steps toward a seamless migration to Green IT and Green Networking
Introduction and Overview
Appendix 1A: Green IT Bibliography
Appendix 1B: Partial List of Resources
Appendix 1C: Examples of How Networking Has Already Had a Major Greening Impact
Appendix 1D: Taxonomy of General Greening Initiatives
A Networking Primer
Networking Functions
Information Transfer and Regeneration Function
Multiplexing Function
Grooming Function
Switching Function
Routing Function
Networking Equipment
Grooming Equipment
Concepts and Analytical Measures for Green Operations
Electric Energy and Applicable Metrics
Air Conditioning
IT Assets
Discrete Metrics
Aggregate Metrics
Power Usage Efficiency (PUE)
Energy Consumption Rating (ECR)
Telecommunications Energy Efficiency Ratio (TEER)
Telecommunications Equipment Energy Efficiency Rating(TEEER)External Power Adapters Set-Top Boxes Example: High-Definition, Cable Set-Top Box with DVR
Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC)
Standardization Efforts
Metrics on Carbon Footprints
Other Metrics
Appendix 3A: Common Information Systems Assets
Appendix 3B: Conversion of Units
Appendix 3C: Example Carbon Footprint Calculations
Power Management Basics
Current Types
Power Measurements
Single-Phase Loads: Smaller AC Operations/Nodes
Balanced Three-Phase Loads4.2.3 Expressing Loads in Kilowatts (kW)
Example
Backup Power Systems
Appendix 4A: Three-Phase Power
HVAC and CRAC Basics
General Overview of an Air-Conditioning System
DX Unitary Systems: HVAC Systems
Chilled-Water Applied Systems: HVAC Systems
Psychrometry
Chiller Issues
General Overview of a Computer Room Air-Conditioning System
Regulatory and Best Practices Background
Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS)
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)
Energy Consumption Rating Initiative (ECR)
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
European Commission Joint Research Center (JRC)
European Telecommunications Network Operators’ Association (ETNO)
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) of Japan and Other Initiatives
Network Equipment Building System (NEBS)
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) 6.14 Others (Short List)
Approaches for Green Networks and Data Centers Environmentals
Data Center Strategies
Data Center Cooling Strategies
Improved Power Distribution
Overall Best Practices
Case Study Examples
Blade Technology Issues
Other IT Greening Techniques
Network Strategies
Retire and Replace Obsolescent Equipment
Wireless Networks
Redundancy
Access Networks
Satellite Operators
Short List of Other Possible Initiatives
Enterprise Equipment
Home Networking and Communications Equipment
Approaches for Green Networks and Data Centers Virtualization, Web Services, Cloud/Network Computing, Hosting, and Packetization
A Press-Time Snapshot of Cloud/Grid/Network Computing
Cloud/Grid/Network Computing Technology
Potential Applications and Financial Benefits of Cloud/Grid Computing
Cloud/Grid Types, Topologies, and Components
Comparison with Other Approaches
Enterprise-Level Virtualization
Service-Oriented Network (SON) Concepts
Conclusion
Glossary
Each chapter includes References
"This overview should appeal to operational personnel who want to estimate cost and investment impacts or consider systems engineering options affecting the latter. … the book is a time saver, and it may help contributors to greener designs see their specific work in a broader context."
— Computing Reviews, June 2012
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