1st Edition

Exploring Sixteenth-Century Italy Through the Poems of Giulio Cesare Croce

By Lena Breda Copyright 2026
336 Pages 1 B/W Illustrations
by Routledge

336 Pages 1 B/W Illustrations
by Routledge

This volume translates the poems of Giulio Cesare Croce: a sixteenth-century street poet and singer who plied his trade on the bustling streets of Bologna. Though widely popular in his time, Croce’s work has been largely neglected by modern scholarship, and his poems remain largely untranslated into English—despite their frequent reference by Italian academics who recognize their value as vivid... Read more

Croce’s Bologna

Introduction

1: City Life: the Good, the Bad, and the In-Between

            The Most Pleasing Mascherate

            A Praise and Condemnation of Prison

            The Lamentation of the Paupers who Rent a Home and Must Pay Rent

            The Lamentation of the Drunks

            Predictions and a Stupendous and Marvellous Almanac About the Present Year

2: Dalla Campagna alla Città: The Margins of Urban and Rural Life in Early Modern Italy

A Debate between Wheat Bread and Bean Bread for Superiority

 The Lamentation of the Harvesters

The Lamentation of the Bandits

3: Fame, Freddo: Calamities in Early Modern Italy

The Most Solemn Triumph of Abundance

Lamentation For the Poverty Caused by the Extreme Cold

Banquet of the Ill-Fed

The Despair of the Failed Carnival

4: The Comedy and Contradictions of Hierarchy

Description of the Life of Giulio Cesare Croce

The Cleverest Tricks of Bertoldo

The Greatness of Poverty

The Song of the Porcellina

Appendix

          Currencies

          Original Texts

Bibliography 

Index

Biography

Lena Breda is a doctoral student in history at the University of Oxford. Lena was a 2021 Fulbright Scholar to Bologna, Italy and received her Masters in Early Modern History from the University of Cambridge in 2022. She received a B.A. in History with a Minor in Italian Language and Culture from the University of Chicago in 2020. Lena studies early modern Italy with a focus on inequality, urban life, famine, and political communication across socio-economic strata.