Section I History of Friction: From da Vinci to Now
Early Studies of Friction
Leonardo da Vinci
Robert Hooke
Guillaume Amontons
References
The Eighteenth Century
France: Parent, Camus, Bélidor
German-Speaking Lands: Leupold, Euler, Leibnitz
Russia
Desaguliers and the Concept of Adhesion
Pieter van Musschenbroek
Coulomb: Life, and Studies of Friction
References
The Nineteenth Century
Dry Friction
Liquid Lubrication
References
The Twentieth Century and Beyond
Stribeck Curve
Ludwig Gümbel
Resurrection of the Molecular Theory of Friction
Bowden and Tabor
Ernst and Merchant
More Recent Views on Friction at Macroscopic Level
Studies of Friction at Microscopic and Atomic Levels
Application of Adhesion Concept to Hot Rolling
References
Section II Phenomena Relevant to Friction and the Rolling of Hot Metals
Roughness and Friction
References
Liquid Lubrication, Stribeck Curve and Friction-Velocity
Dependence
References
Solid Lubricants
Impact of Sliding Velocity and Load
Various Explanations of Friction–Velocity Dependence
Some Specific Aspects of Solid Lubrication
References
Modelling of Friction in Control Engineering
Static Friction Models
Dynamic Friction Models
Experimental Validation of Models
References
Modelling of Macroscopic Friction
Ernst and Merchant, with Recent Variations
Straffelini, and the Work of Adhesion
References
Friction on Atomic and Molecular Scales
Some Issues Specific to Atomic Scale Friction
Friction of Metals
References
Tribological Properties of Oxidised Metals and Carbides
General
Iron Oxides
Chromium and Molybdenum Oxides
Oxide Glaze
Properties of Key Carbides
References
Section III From Theoretical Concepts to Industrial Hot Rolling Processes
Chemical Composition and Microstructure of the Shells of HSS, HiCr and ICDP Work Rolls
Elemental Composition of Rolls and Carbides
Carbide Structure and Content
Role of Key Elements
Roll Chemistry and Roll Microstructure
Microstructure and Its Impact on Friction
Impact of Rare Earths and Silicon
References
Presence and Behaviour of Oxides in Roll Gap
Mechanism of Oxide Formation
Properties of Oxide on Rolls
Impact of Oxides on Friction in Roll Gap
Modelling of Oxide Growth
References
Impact of Roll Wear on Friction
Basic Types of Roll Wear
Roll Surface Monitoring System Observations
Formation of Fire Cracks and Depth of Damage on Different Roll Types
References
Friction Evolution over Schedules and Campaigns
Schedule
Campaign
Discussion
References
Relationship between Friction and Chemical Composition of Rolls
Differences in Friction between Same Type Rolls
Relationship between Friction and Chemistry of Roll Shells
Discussion
References
Mathematical Models of Friction in Steel Rolling
Empirical Models
First-Principle Models
Model Based on Commercial Mill Data
References
Section IV Appendices: Technical Details
Appendices
Index
Biography
Vladimir Panjkovic, PhD, graduated with a degree in electrical engineering from the University of Novi Sad, and earned his PhD in materials science and engineering from the University of New South Wales. His fields of work include the applications of artificial intelligence to process control, development and deployment of mathematical models of ironmaking processes and steel rolling, analysis of tribological problems in hot strip rolling, and the design and commissioning of thermal equipment. Panjkovic has been awarded the BlueScope Steel Research Excellence Award; the National Project Excellence Award in Automation, Control and Instrumentation; and the John A. Brodie medal in chemical engineering.






