1st Edition
Handbook of Chemical and Biological Sensors
616 Pages
by
CRC Press
The Handbook of Chemical and Biological Sensors focuses on the development of sensors to recognize substances rather than physical quantities. This fully inclusive book examines devices that use a biological sensing element to detect and measure chemical and biological species as well as those that use a synthetic element to achieve a similar result. A first port of call for anyone with a specific interest, question, or problem relating to this area, this comprehensive source of reference serves as a guide for practicing scientists and as a text for many graduate courses. It presents relevant physics to chemists, chemistry to materials scientists, materials science to electronic engineers, and fabrication technology to all of the above. In addition, the handbook is useful both to newcomers and to experienced researchers who wish to broaden their knowledge of the constituent disciplines of this wide-ranging field.
PREFACE
FUNDAMENTALS OF SENSOR TECHNOLOGY: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SENSORS by J.S. Schultz and R. F. Taylor
PHYSICAL SENSORS by R.A. Peura and S. Kun
Piezoelectric sensors
Resistive sensors
Inductive sensors
Capacitive sensors
Bridge circuits
Displacement measurements
Blood pressure measurements
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES APPLIED TO MICROFABRICATION by M. Madou and H.L. Kim
Photolithography
Subtractive techniques
Additive techniques
Comparison of micromachining tools
Acknowledgment
PHOTOMETRIC TRANSDUCTION by D.G. Buerk
Phototransduction based on interactions between light and matter
Applications for photometric transducers
ELECTROCHEMICAL TRANSDUCTION by J. Wang
Amperometric transduction
Potentiometric transduction
Conductometric transduction
MODIFICATION OF SENSOR SURFACES by P. Barlett
Covalent modification of surfaces
Self-assembled monolayers and adsorption
Polymer-coated surfaces
Electrochemically generated films
Other surface modifications
BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL COMPONENTS FOR SENSORS by J.S. Schultz
Sources of biological recognition elements
Design considerations for use of recognition elements in biosensors
IMMOBILIZATION METHODS by R.F. Taylor
Immobilization technology
Immobilization of cells or tissues
BILAYER LIPID MEMBRANES AND OTHER LIPID-BASED METHODS by D.P. Nikolelis, U.J. Krull, A.L. Ottova, and H.T. Tien
Experimental bilayer lipid membranes
Electrostatic properties of lipid membranes
Electrochemical sensors based on bilayer lipid membranes
BIOMOLECULAR ELECTRONICS by F.T. Hong
Advantages of using molecular and biomolecular materials
Electrical behavior of molecular optoelectronic devices: the role of chemistry in signal generation
The physiological role of the ac photoelectric signal: the reverse engineering visual sensory transduction process
Bacteriorhodopsin as an advanced bioelectronic material: a biunctional sensor
Bioelectronic interfaces
Immobilization of protein: the importance of membrane fluidity
The concept of intelligent materials
SENSOR AND SENSOR ARRAY CALIBRATION by W.P. Carey and B.R. Kowalski
Zero-order sensor calibration (individual sensors)
First-order sensors (sensor arrays)
Second-order calibration
MICROFLUIDICS by J.N. Zemel and R. Furlan
Fabrication of small structures
Sensors for use in microchannels
Flow actuation and control
Fluid flow phenomena
PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF POLYMER-BASED CHEMICAL SENSORS by M.J. Tierney
Roles of polymers in chemical, gas, and biosensors
Property/function-based selection of polymers for sensors
Polymer membrane deposition techniques
Examples: polymers in fast-response gas sensors
SOLID-STATE, RESISTIVE GAS SENSORS by B. Hoffheins
Materials
Enhancing selectivity
Fabrication
Specific sensor examples
OPTICAL SENSORS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS by G.G. Vurek
Why blood gas monitoring?
Oximetry
Intra-arterial blood gas sensors
Sensor attributes affecting performance
Accuracy compared to what?
Tools for sensor development
Examples of sensor fabrication techniques
In vivo issues
ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS: MICROFABRICATION TECHNIQUES by C-C Liu
General design approaches for microfabricated electrochemical sensors
Metallization processes in the microfabrication of electrochemical sensors
Packaging
Practical applications
Examples
ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS: ENZYME ELECTRODES AND FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS by D. Pfieffer, F. Schubert, U. Wollenberger, and F.W. Scheller
Overview of design and function
Description of development steps
Transfer to manufacturing and production
Practical use and performance
ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS: CAPACITANCE by T.M. Fare, J.C. Silvia, J.L. Schwartz, M.D. Cabelli, C.D.T. Dahlin, S.M. Dallas, C.L. Kichula, V. Narayanswamy, P.H. Thompson, and L.J. Van Houten
Contributions to conductance and capacitance in device response
Mechanisms of sensor response: kinetics, equilibrium, and mass transport
Practical example: fabrication and testing of SmartSense immunosensors
PIEZOELECTRIC AND SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSORS by A.A. Suleiman and G.G. Guilbault
Fundamentals
Commercial devices
Emerging technology
THERMISTOR-BASED BIOSENSORS by B. Danielsson and B. Mattiasson
Instrumentation
Applications
ON-LINE AND FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL SENSORS by G.E. Pacey
Definitions and descriptions of on-line and flow injection
Selectivity enhancements, matrix modification, and conversion
Sensor cell design in FIA
Measurements
FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS IN COMBINATION WITH BIOSENSORS by B. Mattiasson and B. Danielsson
Flow injection analysis
CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SENSORS: MARKETS AND COMMERCIALIZATION by R.F. Taylor
Development and commercialization
Current and future applications
Current and future markets
Development and commercialization of a chemical sensor or biosensor
FUNDAMENTALS OF SENSOR TECHNOLOGY: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SENSORS by J.S. Schultz and R. F. Taylor
PHYSICAL SENSORS by R.A. Peura and S. Kun
Piezoelectric sensors
Resistive sensors
Inductive sensors
Capacitive sensors
Bridge circuits
Displacement measurements
Blood pressure measurements
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES APPLIED TO MICROFABRICATION by M. Madou and H.L. Kim
Photolithography
Subtractive techniques
Additive techniques
Comparison of micromachining tools
Acknowledgment
PHOTOMETRIC TRANSDUCTION by D.G. Buerk
Phototransduction based on interactions between light and matter
Applications for photometric transducers
ELECTROCHEMICAL TRANSDUCTION by J. Wang
Amperometric transduction
Potentiometric transduction
Conductometric transduction
MODIFICATION OF SENSOR SURFACES by P. Barlett
Covalent modification of surfaces
Self-assembled monolayers and adsorption
Polymer-coated surfaces
Electrochemically generated films
Other surface modifications
BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL COMPONENTS FOR SENSORS by J.S. Schultz
Sources of biological recognition elements
Design considerations for use of recognition elements in biosensors
IMMOBILIZATION METHODS by R.F. Taylor
Immobilization technology
Immobilization of cells or tissues
BILAYER LIPID MEMBRANES AND OTHER LIPID-BASED METHODS by D.P. Nikolelis, U.J. Krull, A.L. Ottova, and H.T. Tien
Experimental bilayer lipid membranes
Electrostatic properties of lipid membranes
Electrochemical sensors based on bilayer lipid membranes
BIOMOLECULAR ELECTRONICS by F.T. Hong
Advantages of using molecular and biomolecular materials
Electrical behavior of molecular optoelectronic devices: the role of chemistry in signal generation
The physiological role of the ac photoelectric signal: the reverse engineering visual sensory transduction process
Bacteriorhodopsin as an advanced bioelectronic material: a biunctional sensor
Bioelectronic interfaces
Immobilization of protein: the importance of membrane fluidity
The concept of intelligent materials
SENSOR AND SENSOR ARRAY CALIBRATION by W.P. Carey and B.R. Kowalski
Zero-order sensor calibration (individual sensors)
First-order sensors (sensor arrays)
Second-order calibration
MICROFLUIDICS by J.N. Zemel and R. Furlan
Fabrication of small structures
Sensors for use in microchannels
Flow actuation and control
Fluid flow phenomena
PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF POLYMER-BASED CHEMICAL SENSORS by M.J. Tierney
Roles of polymers in chemical, gas, and biosensors
Property/function-based selection of polymers for sensors
Polymer membrane deposition techniques
Examples: polymers in fast-response gas sensors
SOLID-STATE, RESISTIVE GAS SENSORS by B. Hoffheins
Materials
Enhancing selectivity
Fabrication
Specific sensor examples
OPTICAL SENSORS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS by G.G. Vurek
Why blood gas monitoring?
Oximetry
Intra-arterial blood gas sensors
Sensor attributes affecting performance
Accuracy compared to what?
Tools for sensor development
Examples of sensor fabrication techniques
In vivo issues
ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS: MICROFABRICATION TECHNIQUES by C-C Liu
General design approaches for microfabricated electrochemical sensors
Metallization processes in the microfabrication of electrochemical sensors
Packaging
Practical applications
Examples
ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS: ENZYME ELECTRODES AND FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS by D. Pfieffer, F. Schubert, U. Wollenberger, and F.W. Scheller
Overview of design and function
Description of development steps
Transfer to manufacturing and production
Practical use and performance
ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS: CAPACITANCE by T.M. Fare, J.C. Silvia, J.L. Schwartz, M.D. Cabelli, C.D.T. Dahlin, S.M. Dallas, C.L. Kichula, V. Narayanswamy, P.H. Thompson, and L.J. Van Houten
Contributions to conductance and capacitance in device response
Mechanisms of sensor response: kinetics, equilibrium, and mass transport
Practical example: fabrication and testing of SmartSense immunosensors
PIEZOELECTRIC AND SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSORS by A.A. Suleiman and G.G. Guilbault
Fundamentals
Commercial devices
Emerging technology
THERMISTOR-BASED BIOSENSORS by B. Danielsson and B. Mattiasson
Instrumentation
Applications
ON-LINE AND FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL SENSORS by G.E. Pacey
Definitions and descriptions of on-line and flow injection
Selectivity enhancements, matrix modification, and conversion
Sensor cell design in FIA
Measurements
FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS IN COMBINATION WITH BIOSENSORS by B. Mattiasson and B. Danielsson
Flow injection analysis
CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SENSORS: MARKETS AND COMMERCIALIZATION by R.F. Taylor
Development and commercialization
Current and future applications
Current and future markets
Development and commercialization of a chemical sensor or biosensor
Biography
R.F Taylor, Jerome S. Schultz
"…an essential guide in this challenging field."
-Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology
