1st Edition
Handbook of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging for Physicists Instrumentation and Imaging Procedures, Volume I
This state-of-the-art handbook, the first in a series that provides medical physicists with a comprehensive overview into the field of nuclear medicine, is dedicated to instrumentation and imaging procedures in nuclear medicine. It provides a thorough treatment on the cutting-edge technologies being used within the field, in addition to touching upon the history of their use, their development, and looking ahead to future prospects.
This text will be an invaluable resource for libraries, institutions, and clinical and academic medical physicists searching for a complete account of what defines nuclear medicine.
- The most comprehensive reference available providing a state-of-the-art overview of the field of nuclear medicine
- Edited by a leader in the field, with contributions from a team of experienced medical physicists
- Includes the latest practical research in the field, in addition to explaining fundamental theory and the field's history
Contents
Preface...............................................................................................................................................................................ix
Contributors......................................................................................................................................................................xi
Editor Bio....................................................................................................................................................................... xiii
Chapter 1 The History of Nuclear Medicine.................................................................................................................1
Bo- Anders Jönsson
Chapter 2 Basic Atomic and Nuclear Physics.............................................................................................................15
Gudrun Alm Carlsson and Michael Ljungberg
Chapter 3 Basics of Radiation Interactions in Matter.................................................................................................39
Michael Ljungberg
Chapter 4 Radionuclide Production............................................................................................................................69
Hans Lundqvist
Chapter 5 Radiometry.................................................................................................................................................89
Mats Isaksson
Chapter 6 Scintillation Detectors..............................................................................................................................107
Per Roos
Chapter 7 Semiconductor Detectors.........................................................................................................................129
Per Roos
Chapter 8 Gamma Spectrometry...............................................................................................................................145
Christopher Rääf
Chapter 9 Properties of the Digital Image................................................................................................................175
Katarina Sjögreen Gleisner
Chapter 10 Image Processing......................................................................................................................................197
Johan Gustafsson
Chapter 11 Machine Learning....................................................................................................................................221
Karl Åström
Chapter 12 Image File Structures in Nuclear Medicine..............................................................................................237
Charles Herbst
Chapter 13 The Scintillation Camera..........................................................................................................................251
Jonathan Gear
Chapter 14 Collimators for Gamma Ray Imaging......................................................................................................265
Roel van Holen
Chapter 15 Image Acquisition Protocols....................................................................................................................279
Jonathan Gear
Chapter 16 Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and SPECT/ CT Hybrid Imaging................297
Michael Ljungberg and Kjell Erlandsson
Chapter 17 Dedicated Tomographic Single Photon Systems......................................................................................315
Jing Wu and Chi Liu
Chapter 18 PET Systems............................................................................................................................................333
Stefaan Vandenberghe
Chapter 19 Dead- time Effects in Nuclear Medicine Imaging Studies........................................................................343
Carlos Uribe and Anna Celler
Chapter 20 Principles of Iterative Reconstruction for Emission Tomography...........................................................355
Andrew J. Reader
Chapter 21 PET-CT Systems......................................................................................................................................389
Dimitris Visvikis
Chapter 22 Clinical Molecular PET/ MRI Hybrid Imaging........................................................................................397
Bernhard Sattler
Chapter 23 Quality Assurance of Nuclear Medicine Systems....................................................................................427
John Dickson
Chapter 24 Calibration and Traceability.....................................................................................................................455
Brian E. Zimmerman
Chapter 25 Activity Quantification from Planar Images............................................................................................463
Katarina Sjögreen Gleisner
Chapter 26 Quantification in Emission Tomography..................................................................................................479
Brian F. Hutton, Kjell Erlandsson, and Kris Thielemansii
Chapter 27 Multicentre Studies: Hardware and Software Requirements...................................................................499
Terez Sera, Ronald Boellaard, Andres Kaalep, and Michael Ljungberg
Chapter 28 Preclinical Molecular Imaging Systems...................................................................................................515
Magnus Dahlbom
Chapter 29 Monte Carlo Simulation of Nuclear Medicine Imaging Systems............................................................533
David Sarrut and Michael Ljungberg
Chapter 30 Beta and Alpha Particle Autoradiography................................................................................................563
Anders Örbom, Brian W. Miller and Tom Bäck
Chapter 31 Principles behind Computed Tomography (CT)......................................................................................589
Mikael Gunnarsson and Kristina Ydström
Chapter 32 Principles behind Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)..........................................................................605
Ronnie Wirestam
Biography
Michael Ljungberg is a Professor at Medical Radiation Physics, Lund, Lund University, Sweden. He started his research in the Monte Carlo field in 1983 through a project involving a simulation of whole-body counters but later changed the focus to more general applications in nuclear medicine imaging and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT). As a parallel to his development of the Monte Carlo code SIMIND, he started working in 1985 with quantitative SPECT and problems related to attenuation and scatter. After earning his PhD in 1990, he received a research assistant position that allowed him to continue developing SIMIND for quantitative SPECT applications and established successful collaborations with international research groups. At this time, the SIMIND program also became used worldwide. Dr. Ljungberg became an associate professor in 1994 and in 2005, after working clinically as a nuclear medicine medical physicist, received a full professorship in the Science Faculty at Lund University. He became head of the Department of Medical Radiation Physics in 2013 and a full professor in the Medical Faculty in 2015.
Besides the development of SIMIND to include a new camera system with CZT detectors, his research includes an extensive project in oncological nuclear medicine and, with colleagues, he developed dosimetry methods based on quantitative SPECT, Monte-Carlo absorbed dose calculations, and methods for accurate 3D dose planning for internal radionuclide therapy. In recent years, his work has focused on implementing Monte-Carlo based image reconstruction in SIMIND. He is also involved in the undergraduate education of medical physicists and biomedical engineers and is supervising MSC and PhD students. In 2012, Professor Ljungberg became a member of the European Association of Nuclear Medicines task group on dosimetry and served in that group for six years. He has published over a hundred original papers, 18 conference proceedings, 18 books and book chapters and 14 peer- reviewed papers.
