4th Edition
Handbook of Obesity - Volume 1 Epidemiology, Etiology, and Physiopathology
The fifth edition of Volume 1 of Handbook of Obesity written by global experts covers the basic science aspects under the broad topic areas of epidemiology, etiology, and pathophysiology of obesity. Divided into 5 sections and detailed in 66 chapters, this edition covers the important advances occurring over the past decades. With a focus on science of obesity and factors participating in the etiology of obesity, this topic is studied from biological, behavioural, and environmental perspectives.
Volume 1 is structured into 5 parts:
- Part 1 focuses on the history, definitions, and prevalence of the obesity. It identifies the historical references to excess weight, obesity in art and literature, direct and surrogate measurements of adiposity and obesity related traits, epidemiology of obesity around the globe, and age, sex, and ethnic variation completes this part of the volume
- Part 2 explains the biological determinants of obesity. It explains the bioenergetics, energy dissipation mechanisms and exposure to experimental overfeeding, genetic and epigenetic evidence, metabolic rates, energy expenditure and energy partitioning, and the evidence on infections and adiposity
- Part 3 describes the behavioral determinants of obesity. It deals with chapters related to food, beverages, and ingestive behavior, dealing with smoking, breast-feeding, and sleep duration and pattern, and sedentary behavior, occupational work, and leisure-time physical activity and obesity
- Part 4 comprises of chapters explaining the environmental, social, and cultural determinants of obesity. The chapters in this section focus on the role of agriculture and the food industry in the current obesity epidemic, social and economic aspects of obesity, and ethnic and cultural differences, and environmental pollutants
- Part 5 of this volume discusses the health consequences of obesity. The chapters address important topics such obesity and heart disease, lipoprotein metabolism, insulin resistance and diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cancer, hepatic biology, pulmonary functions, and arthritis and gout, mental health and quality of life, growth and health disorders in pediatric populations, and on bias and discrimination affecting the obese persons.
Preface
About the Editors
Associate Editors
Contributors
Introduction to Volume 1
PART 1: HISTORY, DEFINITIONS, AND PREVALENCE
1. From Hippocrates to the Obesity Society: A Brief History
George A. Bray and Marta Sumińska
2. Obesity in Art and Literature
Fiona Haslam and David Haslam
3. Measurement of Total Adiposity, Regional Fat Depots, and Ectopic Fat
Steven B. Heymsfield, Brooke Smith, and Matthew D. Robson
4. Anthropometric Indicators of Adiposity in Relation to the Gold Standards
Peter T. Katzmarzyk
5. Worldwide and Regional Prevalence of Obesity
Jacob C. Seidell
6. Age, Sex, Ethnicity, and Other Sources of Variation in the Prevalence of Obesity
Sohyun Park and Heidi M. Blanck
PART 2: BIOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF OBESITY
7. Bioenergetics and Obesity
Matthew D. Lynes and Yu-Hua Tseng
8. Mitochondrial Metabolic Inefficiencies in Skeletal Muscle: Implications for Obesity and Weight Loss
Mary-Ellen Harper, Ruth McPherson, and Robert Dent
9. Human Experimental Overfeeding
Claude Bouchard and George A. Bray
10. Biology of Calorie Restriction and Intermittent Fasting
Leonie Heilbronn, Kai Liu, and Luigi Fontana
11. Genetic Epidemiology and Obesity
Karri Silventoinen
12. Genetic Variation and Obesity
Ruth J.F. Loos
13. Single-Gene Defects and Obesity
Héléna Mosbah, Christine Poitou, and Karine Clément
14. Micro and Long RNAs as Regulators in Obesity
Jean-Francois Landrier, Flavie Sicard, and Lourdes Mounien
15. Epigenetics and Obesity
Charlotte Ling and Sonia Garcia-Calzon
16. T he Role of Adipocyte Precursors in Development and Obesity
Tammy Ying and Rebecca A. Simmons
17. Small Animal Models of Obesity
Heike Münzberg, Christopher D. Morrison, and J. Michael Salbaum
18. Obesity in Nonhuman Primates
Barbara C. Hansen, Daniel Harrison, Vernon Volante, Nana Gletsu-Miller, and Kai-Lin Catherine Jen
19. The Transcriptome, Proteome, and Metabolome of Obesity
Monalisa Hota, Lijin Wang, Pratap Seshachalam, and Sujoy Ghosh
20. CNS Regulation of Energy Balance
Justin L. Grobe and Matthew J. Potthoff
21. Gastrointestinal Regulation of Energy Balance
Timothy Sean Kairupan, Nova Hellen Kapantow, and Akio Inui
22. Gut Microbiome and Obesity
Kristina Martinez-Guryn and Eugene B. Chang
23. Sympathetic Nervous System and Obesity
Elisabeth Lambert
24. Hypothalamic–Pituitary Hormones and Obesity
Jonathan Q. Purnell, Mary Samuels, and Maria Fleseriu
25. Brown, Beige, and White Adipocyte Development
Shingo Kajimura
26. Adipose Tissue Metabolism, Adipokines, and Obesity
Ricardo J. Samms and Philipp E. Scherer
27. Hepatic, Visceral, Pancreatic, and Cardiac Fat Deposition
Amalia Gastaldelli
28. Skeletal Muscle Metabolism and Obesity
Polina M. Krassovskaia, Nicholas T. Broskey, and Joseph A. Houmard
29. Resting Metabolic Rate, Thermic Effect of Food, and Obesity
Yves Schutz and Abdul Dulloo
30. Energy Cost of Exercise, Post-Exercise Metabolic Rates, and Obesity
Robert Ross, Erin Miller, Emily John, and Laura Guzmán Caballero
31. Energy Partitioning, Substrate Oxidation Rates, and Obesity
Angelo Tremblay, Margriet Westerterp-Plantenga, and Patrick Schrauwen
32. COVID-19, Other Microbial Infections, and Obesity
Md Akheruzzaman, Vijay Hegde, and Nikhil V. Dhurandhar
PART 3: BEHAVIORAL DETERMINANTS OF OBESITY
33. Obesity and Dietary Intake
Eunjin Cheon, Lissa A. Davis, Vinicius M. Valicente, Yu Wang, and Richard D. Mattes
34. Beverages and Obesity: A Review of Current Scientific Evidence
Miaobing Zheng, Sofus C. Larsen, Nanna J. Olsen, and Berit L. Heitmann
35. Obesity and Sedentary Time at Work and Home
Stuart J. H. Biddle and Gregory J. H. Biddle
36. Leisure Time Physical Activity and Obesity
Julianne G. Clina, R. Drew Sayer, and James O. Hill
37. Role of Early Life Nutrition and Breastfeeding on Obesity Development
Maryam Kebbe, Kelsey Goynes, and Leanne M. Redman
38. Tobacco Use, Marijuana Use, Vaping, and Obesity
Bernard F. Fuemmeler, Kristina L. Tatum, and D. Jeremy Barsell
39. Sleep and Obesity
Silvia Cerolini and Caterina Lombardo
40. Eating Disorders and Obesity
Jonathan M. Mond and Timothy Gill
PART 4: ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL DETERMINANTS OF OBESITY
41. The Role of the Food Industry in Obesity
Martin Binks
42. Transportation Policies and Obesity
James E. Peterman and David R. Bassett, Jr.
43. Urban Environment and Obesity
Katherine R. White and Lawrence D. Frank
44. Social and Economic Factors Related to Obesity across the Globe
Penny Gordon-Larsen and Pasquale E. Rummo
45. Influence of Culture on Obesity
Alison Tovar, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, and Aviva Must
46. Environmental Chemicals and Obesity
Sumira Phatak, Amanda S. Janesick, Thaddeus T. Schug, Jerrold J. Heindel, and Bruce Blumberg
PART 5: CONSEQUENCES OF OBESITY
47. Obesity and Mortality
Thorkild I.A. Sørensen, Justin C. Brown, and Terese Sara Høj Jørgensen
48. Obesity and Heart Disease
Alexandra M. Sanchez, Nadia I. Abelhad, Andrew Elagizi, Sergey Kachur, Hector O. Ventura, and Carl J. Lavie
49. Obesity and Hypertension
John E. Hall, Ana C. M. Omoto, Jussara M. do Carmo, Alexandre A. da Silva, Zhen Wang, Alan J. Mouton, Xuan Li, and Michael E. Hall
50. Obesity and Lipoprotein Metabolism
Sally Chiu and Ronald M. Krauss
51. Obesity and Insulin Resistance
John P. Kirwan and Christopher L. Axelrod
52. Obesity and Type 2. Diabetes
Norbert Stefan
53. Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome
André Tchernof and Jean-Pierre Després
54. Obesity and Cancer
Alpa V. Patel and Lauren R. Teras
55. Obesity and Inflammation
Sierra Nance, Ramiah Jacks, and Carey Lumeng
56. Obesity, Gallbladder, and Gastrointestinal Diseases
Michael Camilleri and Andres Acosta
57. Obesity and Liver Diseases
Münevver Demir, Josephine Frohme, and Frank Tacke
58. Obesity, Lung Function, and Lung Disease
Anne E. Dixon and Swati A. Bhatawadekar
59. Obesity and Gout
Lorraine Watson and Edward Roddy
60. Obesity, Osteoarthritis, and Bone Disorders
Sanjay Mediwala and Dennis T. Villareal
61. Obesity and Cognitive Decline
Adam Tabak, Vince Fazekas-Pongor, Stefano Tarantini, Priya Balasubramanian, Anna Csiszar, and Zoltan Ungvari
62. Obesity, Mental Health, and Health-Related Quality of Life
Osnat C. Melamed, Peter Selby, and Valerie H. Taylor
63. Obesity and Reproductive Dysfunction
Ronald Swerdloff, Waleed Butt, and Christina Wang
64. Obesity in Pregnancy Complications and Outcomes
Amy M. Valent and Aaron B. Caughey
65. Obesity, Growth, Development, Metabolic Disorder, and Insulin Resistance in Pediatrics
Nicola Santoro, Alfonso Galderisi, and Sonia Caprio
66. Bias, Discrimination, and Obesity
Rebecca M. Puhl
Index
Biography
George A. Bray, MD, MACP, MACE, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
Claude Bouchard, PhD, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
Peter T. Katzmarzyk, PhD, FACSM, FTOS, FAHA, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
John P. Kirwan, PhD, Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
Leanne M. Redman, PhD, Reproductive Endocrinology and Women’s Health Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
Philip R. Schauer, MD, Metamor Institute, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
