1st Edition
Handbook of Terrorist and Insurgent Groups A Global Survey of Threats, Tactics, and Characteristics
The Handbook of Terrorist and Insurgent Groups: A Global Survey of Threats, Tactics, and Characteristics examines the most current and dangerous terrorist and insurgent groups around the world. The purpose is to create a descriptive mosaic of what is a pointedly global security challenge.
The volume brings together conceptual approaches to terrorism, insurgency, and cyberterrorism with substantive and empirical analyses of individual groups, organizations, and networks. By doing so, not only does the coverage highlight the past, present, and future orientations of the most prominent groups, but it also examines and illustrates their key characteristics and how they operate, including significant leaders and ideologues. The chapters provide a thorough and comprehensive overview of the current geography of terrorist and insurgency groups active in the world today.
This comprehensive volume brings the collective expertise and knowledge of more than 50 academics, intelligence and security officials, and professionals together, all of whom are considered subject experts in their respective areas of research and practice. Specialists in these fields conducted both desk and field research for this volume, which includes analyses of secondary literature and primary data, such as first-person interviews concerning the operational regions, tactics, and ideological motivations of the various groups.
About the Editors:
Scott N. Romaniuk is a research fellow at the Corvinus Centre for Contemporary Asia Studies (CAS) within the Corvinus Institute for Advanced Studies (CIAS) at Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary, and a senior research affiliate with the Canadian Network for Research on Terrorism, Security and Society (TSAS).
Animesh Roul is the executive director of the New Delhi-based policy research group Society for the Study of Peace and Conflict and a contributing analyst for The Jamestown Foundation.
Amparo Pamela Fabe is a visiting fellow at the International Centre for Policing and Security at the University of South Wales and a 2023 fellow of the Irregular Warfare Initiative with the Modern War Institute of the United States Military Academy.
János Besenyő is a professor at Óbuda University, Donát Bánki Faculty of Mechanical and Safety Engineering, and head of the Africa Research Institute. He served as a professional soldier for 31 years and participated in several peace operations in Africa and Afghanistan.
Introduction: The Contemporary Global Terrorism and Insurgency Landscape
Scott N Romaniuk, Animesh Roul and Amparo Pamela Fabe
Part I – Conceptual matters
Chapter 1. Conceptualising Insurgency
Olivier Lewis, and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 2. The Architecture of Counterinsurgency: From Classical to Quantum and Beyond
Uddipan Mukherjee
Chapter 3. A Typology of Insurgency and Counterinsurgency
Donald Stoker
Chapter 4. Western Counterinsurgency Theoretical Development in the 20th and 21st Centuries
Scott N Romaniuk and János Kemény
Chapter 5. Terrorism: Looking Though the Definitional Kaleidoscope
Scott N Romaniuk and Olivier Lewis
Chapter 6. Epistemological Foundations of Terrorism
Salvin Paul, Sanchita Battacharya, and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 7. Religion as a Source of Terrorism
Salvin Paul and Wangchu Lama
Chapter 8. Correlations Between Terrorism, Extremism, and Fundamentalism
Salvin Paul, Alok Kumar, and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 9. Wars for Limited Political Aims – Not "Limited War"
Donald Stoker
Chapter 10. Examining the Roots of Modern Urban Terrorism: M19 and Shining Path in the Western Hemisphere
Renny Castañeda and Tyler Adams
Chapter 11. Blending Counterinsurgency to Defeat Hybrid Threats
Paul Lushenko, Srinjoy Bose, and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 12. The Crime-Terror Nexus
Tamanna Shah
Chapter 13. State Sponsored Terrorism: Perspectives on its Practice, Evolution, and Impacts
Gordon R Alley-Young
Chapter 14. The Terror of War: Ever Present and Always in Error?
Péter Marton
Chapter 15. From Nation State Terrorism to Market State Terrorism
Glen M E Duerr
Chapter 16. Homegrown Terrorism
Michael G Zekulin
Chapter 17. The Rise in Lone Wolf Attacks: Myth or Reality
Tavis D Jules and Scott McGallagher
Chapter 18. Non-State Armed Group Transition to Party Politics
Mariam Farida
Chapter 19. Jihadist Governance in the Middle East
Matthew Bamber
Chapter 20. The Anatomy of Terror: The Agents and Audiences of Political Terror
Jeroen Van den Bosch
Chapter 21. Franchising Terrorism and Insurgencies: From Al-Qaeda, ISIS, to Boko Haram
John Sunday Ojo
Chapter 22. High Value Targeting and International Society’s "Warfare Trap"
Paul Lushenko, Srinjoy Bose, and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 23. Disengaging from Armed Conflict: Cameroon’s Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration of Former Boko Haram Militants and Anglophone Separatists
Ta-Mbi Nkongho and Molua Patrick Ewange
Chapter 24. From "Black Widows" to "ISIS Brides:" Female Recruitment Practices of Islamist Terrorist Networks
Kleanthis Kyriakidis, Renny Castañeda, and Marios-Panagiotis Efthymiopoulos
Terrorism, cyber-terrorism, and terrorists’ use of ICT
Chapter 25. Cyber-Terrorism: A Concept in Flux
Tobias Burgers and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 26. Turning to Terror Online: Social Media, Recruitment, and Radicalization
Wendell C Wallace and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 27. Cyber Counter-Terrorism: States, Security Services, and Investigations in a Digital Age
Richard McNeil-Willson and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 28. The Importance of Security Awareness in Healthcare:
Threat Vectors, Environmental Specifics, and Mitigation Opportunities
János Besenyő and Attila Máté Kovács
Part II – The Cases
Africa
Chapter 29. Jihad in the Horn of Africa: Somalia’s Al-Shabaab Islamist Insurgency
James Okolie Osemene and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 30. The Role of the Amniyat in Aiding Al-Shabaab’s Leadership Motivations (Somalia)
János Besenyő and Gábor Sinkó
Chapter 31. Boko Haram
Nathaniel Danjibo and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 32. Ansar al-Dine: "Defenders of the Faith" and State Fragility in Mali
William A Taylor
Chapter 33. Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)
Tavis D Jules and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 34. National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA)
Adekunle Toyin Olawunmi
Chapter 35. The Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) Insurgency in Uganda
Andrew David Omona and Scott N Romaniuk
The Americas
Chapter 36. Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People’s Army (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército del Pueblo, FARC–EP)
Diana Milena Flórez and Olivier Lewis
Chapter 37. Understanding Sendero Luminoso’s Peruvian Terrorism
Suzette A Haughton and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 38. The Zapatista Army of National Liberation’s (EZLN) Revolutionary Struggle
Tavis D Jules and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 39. A History of Colombia’s National Liberation Army (ELN)
Jorge E Delgado
Chapter 40. Camarena as Context: Mexico, Drug Cartels, and Structures of Insecurity
Matthew Coleman
Europe
Chapter 41. Terrorists as Defenders: The Irish Republican Army
Sarah J Clifford
Chapter 42. The Fighting People’s Revolutionary Powers
Kalliopi Chainoglou
Chapter 43. Chechen Terrorism: From Modest Nationalist Claims to the Caucasus Emirate
Mary Manjikian
Chapter 44. Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA)
Nell Bennet
Near and Middle East
Chaptyer 45. The Kurdistan Worker’s Party (PKK): Origins, History and Strategic Transformation
Murat Yeşiltaş
Chapter 46. The Syrian Muslim Brotherhood (SMB)
Noureddin Zaamout
Chapter 47. Hezbollah
Mariam Farida
Chapter 48. Hezbollah in Turkey: İlim
Nail Elhan and Hikmet Mengüaslan
Chapter 49. Harakat Al-Mukavvama Al-Islamiyah – Hamas
Filiz Katman
Chapter 50. ISIS: The Dramatic Rise and Decline of an Al-Qaeda Offshoot
Ferdinand Arslanian, Scott N Romaniuk, and Amparo Pamela Fabe
Chapter 51. Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham and Jabhat al-Nusra
Serdar Kaya
Chapter 52. Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)
Rohan Malhotra
Chapter 53. Ansar Allah (Houthi Rebels)
Júlia Palik
Chapter 54. Military Dimension of Palestinian Religious Nationalism: Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades
Mustafa Yetim and Tamer Kaşıkcı
Chapter 55. Jaish al-Mahdi (The Mahdi Army)
Pascal Carlucci
Central Asia
Chapter 56. Al-Qaeda Central in Afghanistan and Pakistan: Past, Present and Future
Abdul Basit
Chapter 57. Al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent (AQIS) in Pakistan
Farhan Zahid
Chapter 58. Terrorism, Insurgency, and Peace: The Afghan Taliban and Composite Factions
Nabil Ouassini and Anwar Ouassini
Chapter 59. The Haqqani Network
Fatma Yol, Gizem Gönay Akbaş and Elif Merve Dumankaya
Chapter 60. Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU)
Rohan Malhotra
Chapter 61. Islamic State-Khorasan Group (ISK): Dominating Jihad in Afghanistan and Pakistan (2015-2022)
Animesh Roul and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 62. The Balochistan Insurgency
Sanchita Battacharya
South Asia
Chapter 63. Hizbul-Mujahideen (Kashmir)
S S Tabraz
Chapter 64. Indian Mujahedeen: Homegrown Jihadist of India
Animesh Roul and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 65. The Indian Maoists: Naxalbari, Lalgarh, Dantewada, and Beyond
Uddipan Mukherjee
Chapter 66. The Wave of Global Maoism and the Maoists of Nepal
Uddipan Mukherjee
Chapter 67. Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT)
Arun Vishwanathan and Sameer Patil
Chapter 68. Jaish-e-Mohammad (The "Army of Mohammed")
Sanchita Battacharya
Chapter 69. Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP)
Zia Ur Rehmen
Chapter 70. Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
Fathima Azmiya Badurdeen
Chapter 71. Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh: Core and Offshoots
Md. Nurul Momen
Chapter 72. United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA)
Piyali Basu
Southeast Asia and the Indo-Pacific
Chapter 73. Tibetan Resistance and Insurgency
Francis Grice and Alexandra J Macintire
Chapter 74. Between Criminality and Terrorist Violence: The Abu Sayyaf Group in the Philippines
Anwar Ouassini and Nabil Ouassini
Chapter 75. The Evolution of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front: From Armed Conflict Actor to Peace Agreement Signatory with the Philippines
Amparo Pamela Fabe and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 76. Leaving a Wake of Death and Destruction: The Communist Party of the Philippines-New People’s Army, and the National Democratic Front
Amparo Pamela Fabe and Joan Andrea Toledo
Chapter 77. Ethnic Divide and Armed Insurgent Groups in Myanmar
Biplab Debnath
Chapter 78. Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army: Spearheading Myanmar’s Islamic Insurgency
Scott N Romaniuk and Animesh Roul
Chapter 79. Islamic Insurgency in Southern Thailand: The Mara Patani and Barisan Revolusi Nasional (BRN)
Animesh Roul and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 80. Jema’ah Islamiyah in Indonesia
Amparo Pamela Fabe and Scott N Romaniuk
Chapter 81. From Rebels to Terrorists: The Future of the Maoist Insurgency in the Philippines
Dennis F Quilala
Biography
Scott N. Romaniuk is a research fellow at the Corvinus Centre for Contemporary Asia Studies (CAS) within the Corvinus Institute for Advanced Studies (CIAS) at Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary, and a senior research affiliate with the Canadian Network for Research on Terrorism, Security and Society (TSAS).
Animesh Roul is the executive director of the New Delhi-based policy research group Society for the Study of Peace and Conflict and a contributing analyst for The Jamestown Foundation.
Amparo Pamela Fabe is a visiting fellow at the International Centre for Policing and Security at the University of South Wales and a 2023 fellow of the Irregular Warfare Initiative with the Modern War Institute of the United States Military Academy.
János Besenyő is a professor at Óbuda University, Donát Bánki Faculty of Mechanical and Safety Engineering, and head of the Africa Research Institute. He served as a professional soldier for 31 years and participated in several peace operations in Africa and Afghanistan.
