1st Edition

Human Response to Vibration

By Neil J. Mansfield Copyright 2004
    244 Pages 95 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Through continued collaboration and the sharing of ideas, data, and results, the international community of researchers and practitioners has developed an understanding of many facets of the human response to vibration. At a time when the EU is preparing to adopt a directive on health risks arising from occupational exposure to vibration, Human Response to Vibration offers authoritative guidance on this complex subject.

    Individual chapters in the book examine issues relating to whole-body vibration, hand-arm vibration, and motion sickness. Vibration measurements and standards are also addressed. This book meets the needs of those requiring knowledge of human response to vibration in order to make practical improvements to the physical working environment. Written with the consultant, practitioner, researcher, and student in mind, the text is designed to be an educational tool, a reference, and a stimulus for new ideas for the next generation of specialists.

    INTRODUCTION TO VIBRATION
    Human Response to Vibration in Context
    Introduction to Wave Theory
    Classification of Vibration
    Vibration Axes

    WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION
    Introduction
    Whole-body Vibration Perception
    Whole-body Vibration Comfort and Discomfort
    Health Effects of Whole-body Vibration
    Seating Dynamics
    Biomechanical Responses to Whole-body Vibration

    MOTION SICKNESS
    Introduction
    Signs and Symptoms of Motion Sickness
    The Cause of Motion Sickness
    Travel Sickness
    Simulator Sickness
    Relative Sensitivity to Simulated Motion of Different Frequencies
    Habituation to Motion Sickness
    Prevention of Motion Sickness

    HAND-TRANSMITTED VIBRATION
    Introduction
    Hand-transmitted Vibration Perception
    Health Effects of Hand-transmitted Vibration
    Classification and Diagnosis of Hand-arm Vibration Syndrome
    Reducing Risks from Hand-transmitted Vibration

    VIBRATION MEASUREMENT
    Introduction
    Measurement Flow
    Human Vibration Meters
    Data Acquisition Systems
    Accelerometers
    Signal Conditioning
    Calibration of Human Vibration Measurement Systems
    Signal Processing
    Successful Vibration Measurement
    Case Study 1
    Case Study 2

    WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION STANDARDS
    Introduction
    Standardisation Bodies
    Legal Position of Standards
    Standards for Whole-body Vibration Measurement and Assessment
    Standards for Determining Vibration Exposures in Specific Vehicles
    Standards for Determination of Whole-body Vibration Emission Values for Mobile Machinery
    Standards for Testing Vehicle Seats in the Laboratory

    HAND-TRANSMITTED VIBRATION STANDARDS
    Introduction
    Standards for Hand-transmitted Vibration Measurement and Assessment
    Standards for Determining the Vibration Emission Value of Tools and Hand-guided Machines
    Standards for Testing the Dynamic Performance of Anti-vibration Gloves

    EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES
    Introduction
    Development of European Directives
    Legal Position of European Directives
    The 'Machinery Safety Directive': Directive 98/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Approximation of the Laws of the Member States Relating to Machinery
    The 'Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive': Directive 2002/44/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Minimum Health and Safety Requirements Regarding the Exposure of Workers to the Risks Arising form Physical Agents (Vibration)
    The 'Physical Agents (Noise) Directive': Directive 2003/10/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Minimum Health and Safety Requirements Regarding the Exposure of Workers to the Risks Arising form Physical Agents (Noise)

    References
    Index

    Biography

    Neil J. Mansfield