2nd Edition

Hydrogeology and Groundwater Modeling

By Neven Kresic Copyright 2007
    828 Pages 477 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Coupling the basics of hygrogeology with analytical and numerical modeling methods, Hydrogeology and Groundwater Modeling, Second Edition provides detailed coverage of both theory and practice. Written by a leading hydrogeologist who has consulted for industry and environmental agencies and taught at major universities around the world, this unique book fills a gap in the groundwater hydrogeology literature.

    With more than 40 real-world examples, the book is a source for clear, easy-to-understand, and step-by-step quantitative groundwater evaluation and contaminant fate and transport analysis, from basic laboratory determination to complex analytical calculations and computer modeling. It provides more than 400 drawings, graphs, and photographs, and a variety of useful tables of all key groundwater parameters, as well as lucid, straightforward answers to common hydrogeological problems.

    Reflecting nearly ten years of new scholarship since the publication of the bestselling first edition, this second edition is wider in focus with added and updated examples, figures, and problems, yet still provides information in the author's trademark, user-friendly style. No other book offers such carefully selected examples and clear, elegantly explained solutions. The inclusion of step-by-step solutions to real problems builds a knowledge base for understanding and solving groundwater issues.

    PART ONE: BASIC CONCEPTS IN HYDROGEOLOGY AND GROUNDWATER MODELING

    INTRODUCTION

    GROUNDWATER
    Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater
    Porosity and Effective Porosity
    Principles of Groundwater Flow
    Flow in Unsaturated Zone

    AQUIFERS AND AQUITARDS
    Definition, Recharge and Discharge Areas
    Aquifer Transmissivity and Storage
    Types of Aquifers
    Aquifer Parameters and Methods of Determination
    Analysis of Aquifer Pumping Test Results
    Aquifer Recharge and Sustainability
    Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) and Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR)
    Springs and Spring Development
    Underground Dams
    Competent and Leaky Aquitards
    Surface Water - Groundwater Interactions

    GROUNDWATER EXTRACTION
    Vertical Wells
    Collector Wells and Horizontal Wells
    Infiltration Galleries and Drains
    Source Water Protection Zones

    GROUNDWATER CHEMISTRY
    Solubility, Water Chemistry Units, Reactions
    Natural Groundwater Constituents and Their Relation to Geologic Media

    GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION
    Regulatory Overview
    Sources of Contamination and Groundwater Contaminants
    Drinking Water Standards
    Emerging Contaminants

    FATE AND TRANSPORT OF CONTAMINANTS
    Free Phase and Residual Phase Contamination
    Dissolved Phase Contamination
    Dispersion, Diffusion, Sorption, Degradation

    GROUNDWATER MODELING
    Types of Groundwater Models
    Numeric Model Setup
    Model Calibration and Sensitivity Analysis
    Model Error
    Model Results and Prediction
    Model Verification
    Model Documentation
    Standards for Groundwater Modeling

    PART TWO: SOLVED PROBLEMS IN HYDROGEOLOGY AND GROUNDWATER MODELING

    POROSITY AND RELATED PARAMETERS
    Porosity, Effective Porosity, Saturation

    LABORATORY METHODS FOR DETERMINING HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY
    Constant Head Permeameter
    Falling Head Permeameter
    Grain Size Analysis

    ONE-DIMENSIONAL STEADY STATE FLOW
    Confined Homogeneous Aquifer
    Confined Heterogeneous Aquifer
    Confined One-Dimensional Steady State Flow, Aquifer with Forks
    Confined One-Dimensional Flow, Aquifer with Varying Thickness
    Unconfined Homogeneous Aquifer with and without Infiltration, Drainage Gallery

    ONE-DIMENSIONAL TRANSIENT FLOW
    Sudden Change at the Boundary, Aquifer Parameters
    Gradual Linear Change at the Boundary, Infiltration Rate

    TWO-DIMENSIONAL STEADY-STATE FLOW (FLOW NETS)
    Construction and Characteristics of Flow Nets, Groundwater Flow Rate
    Groundwater Contour Maps, Influence of Surface Streams
    Kriging
    Flow Nets in Heterogeneous Aquifers, Refraction of Streamlines, Groundwater Velocity

    STEADY STATE FLOW TO WATER WELLS
    Confined Aquifer
    Unconfined Aquifer
    Unconfined Aquifer with Infiltration
    Confined-Unconfined Aquifer Transition
    Wells near Boundaries

    TRANSIENT FLOW TO WATER WELLS
    Confined, Non-Leaky Aquifer
    Applications of the Theis Equation
    Method of Recovery
    Leaky Confined Aquifer
    Unconfined Aquifer with Delayed Gravity Response
    Slug Test, Bouwer and Rice Method

    EXTRACTION WELL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
    Gravel Pack Size
    Three-Step Pumping Test, Well Specific Capacity, Loss, Efficiency
    Radius of Well Influence

    SPRING FLOW AND STREAM BASE FLOW
    Recession (Baseflow) Analysis
    Hydrochemical Separation of Spring Hydrograph

    GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELING
    Three-Layer Model

    ONE-DIMENSIONAL ANALYTICAL FATE AND TRANSPORT MODELS
    Dissolved Contaminant Concentrations in Time and Space

    CONTAMINANT FATE AND TRANSPORT PARAMETERS
    Use of Dispersion
    Use of Sorption (Retardation) and Sequential Degradation

    CONTAMINANT FATE AND TRANSPORT MODELING
    Plume Migration and Containment

    References
    Appendix A: Unit Conversion Tables
    Appendix B: Basic Mathematical Expressions
    Appendix C: Porosity Values
    Appendix D: Tables of Well and Other Functions
    Index

    Biography

    Neven Kresic

    "The book couples the basics of hydrogeology with analytical and numerical modeling methods and provides detailed coverage of both theory and practice. It is a source for clear, easy-to-understand, and step-by-step quantitative groundwater evaluation and contaminant fate and transport analysis, from basic laboratory determination to complex analytical calculations and computer modeling."

    – In Environmental Geology, October 2007, Vol. 52, No. 7

    "This is an excellent and comprehensive text . . . While extensive use of examples is a very useful feature of this book, the case studies in these sections are particularly valuable because that is the source of much consultancy work. Clearly, this reader found the book extremely interesting and consider it is well worth a placement on the bookshelf of the practicing hydrogeologist and groundwater specialist."

    – Diane Wiesner, Principal Scientist, AWA, June 2007