1st Edition
Intellectual Property Law and Access to Medicines TRIPS Agreement, Health, and Pharmaceuticals
Introduction Access to Medicine and TRIPS Agreement: A Historiographic Mapping of the Tradescape
Srividhya Ragavan and Amaka Vanni
Part I: International Norm Setting and Patent Metamorphosis: First Generation
1. World Trade Organization: A Barrier to Global Public Health?
Srividhya Ragavan
2. World Health Organization: Contributions to Access to Health and TRIPS Agreement Discourse
Susan Isiko Å trba
3. From TRIPS to Access to Medicines: What’s There in Between?
Sergio Napolitano
4. Free Trade Agreements: Longer, Further, Deeper Impact on Pharmaceutical Patents
Bryan Mercurio
5. From the TPP to USMCA: A High-Powered Battle over Biologics
Burcu Kilic
6. African Union Continental Free Trade Area: Opportunities for New Regional Discourse?
J. Janewa Osei-Tutu
7. U.S. Litigated Government Funded Patents in Europe and Japan: A First Look
Teo Firpo and Michael S. Mireles
Part II: State Action and the Access to Medicine Debate: Second Generation
8. Brazil: Patent Barriers and Access to Medicine through Public Health System
Gabriela Costa Chaves, Maria Auxiladora Oliveira, and Jorge Antonio Zepeda Bermudez
9. China: From Struggle to Surge: China's TRIPS Experience and its Lessons for Access to Medicines
Peter K. Yu
10. Canada: Access to Medicine in High-Income Countries
Gaëlle Groux and Jeremy de Beer
11. India: Pharmaceutical Patents and Evergreen Battle for Access to Medicine
Anand Grover
12. South Africa’s Three Decades of Access to Medicine Discourse: Blight or Benefit
Caroline B. Ncube
13. Thailand: Shooting Star for Access to Medicine through Compulsory Licensing
Van Anh Le
14. United States: Unilateral Norm Setting Using Special 301
Michael Palmedo
Part III: Global Patterns and Emerging Issues: Third Generation
15. Access to Medicines Activism: Collaboration, Conflicts, and Complementarities
Brook K. Baker
16. GTPI: Experiences to Overcome IP Barriers to Increase Access to Medicine
Felipe de Carvalho Borges da Fonseca, Marcela Fogaça Vieira, and Pedro Villardi
17. Private Sector: Right to Health Responsibilities of Pharmaceutical Companies
Emmanuel Kolawole Oke
18. Competition: Can Excessive Pricing be Fixed through Abuse of Dominant Position?
Shirin Syed
19. The Unique World of Pharmaceutical Intellectual Property Rights
Emily Michiko Morris
20. Innovation Policies: Roadblocks to Establishing Sustainable Pharmaceutical Innovation Policies
Doris Estelle Long
21. Not Just Patents and Data Exclusivity: The Role of Trademarks in Integrated IP Strategy – Where Lies the Public Interest?
Graham Dutfield
22. Indigenous Knowledge: Bridging with Modern Medicine
Anthony C. K. Kakooza
23. Digital Divide and Access to Medicine: The Debate
Swaraj Paul Barooah
Part IV: COVID-19 and Access to Medicines
Lessons from COVID-19 for Medicine Access
Amaka Vanni
Biography
Srividhya Ragavan is a Professor of Law and Director of the India Program at Texas A&M University School of Law, Texas, United States.
Amaka Vanni is an Assistant Professor at School of Law, University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
