Introduction to Engineering Mechanics A Continuum Approach, Second Edition

Introduction

A Motivating Example: Remodeling an Underwater Structure

Newton’s Laws: The First Principles of Mechanics

Equilibrium

Definition of a Continuum

Some Mathematical Basics: Scalars and Vectors

Problem-solving

Examples

Kinematics: Strain

The Method of Sections and Stress

Stress–Strain Relationships

Limiting Behavior

Equilibrium

Stress in Axially Loaded Bars

Deformation of Axially Loaded Bars

Equilibrium of an Axially Loaded Bar

Statically Indeterminate Bars

Thermal Effects

Saint-Venant’s Principle and Stress Concentrations

Strain Energy in One Dimension

Properties of Engineering Materials

A Road Map for Strength of Materials

Examples

Poisson’s Ratio

The Strain Tensor

The Stress Tensor

Generalized Hooke’s Law

Equilibrium

Formulating Two-Dimensional Elasticity Problems

Examples

Torsion

Pressure Vessels

Transformation of Stress and Strain

Failure Prediction Criteria

Examples

Why Pressure Vessels Are Spheres and Cylinders?

Why Do Pressure Vessels Fail?

Calculation of Reactions

Method of Sections: Axial Force, Shear, Bending Moment

Shear and Bending Moment Diagrams

Integration Methods for Shear and Bending Moment

Normal Stresses in Beams and Geometric Properties of Sections

Shear Stresses in Beams

Examples

The Forearm Is Connected to the Elbow Joint

Fixing an Intertrochanteric Fracture

Governing Equation

Boundary Conditions

Beam Deflections by Integration and by Superposition

Discontinuity Functions

Beams with Non-Constant Cross-Section

Statically Indeterminate Beams

Beams with Elastic Supports

Strain Energy for Bent Beams

Deflections by Castigliano’s Second Theorem

Examples

Modeling and Analysis

What Does Our Model Tell Us?

Conclusions

Euler’s Formula

Effect of Eccentricity

Examples

Pressure

Viscosity

Surface Tension

Governing Laws

Motion and Deformation of Fluids

Examples

Nonlinearity

Composite Materials

Viscoelasticity

Concrete

Plastics

Ceramics

Local Pressure

Force due to Pressure

Fluids at Rest

Forces on Submerged Surfaces

Buoyancy

Examples

Description of Fluid Motion

Equations of Fluid Motion

Integral Equations of Motion

Differential Equations of Motion

Bernoulli Equation

Examples

How Do We Classify Fluid Flows?

What Is Going on Inside Pipes?

Why Can an Airplane Fly?

Why Does a Curveball Curve?

Continuity, or Mass Conservation

Newton’s Second Law, or Momentum Conservation

Constitutive Laws: Elasticity

Biography

Jenn Stroud Rossmann is an associate professor of mechanical engineering at Lafayette College. She earned her BS and PhD from the University of California, Berkeley. Her research interests include the study of blood flow in vessels affected by atherosclerosis and aneurysms. She has a strong commitment to teaching engineering methods and values to non-engineers, and she has developed several courses and workshops for liberal arts majors.

Clive L. Dym served as Fletcher Jones Professor of Engineering Design for 21 years, and is now professor emeritus of engineering, at Harvey Mudd College. He earned his BS from Cooper Union and his PhD from Stanford University. His primary interests are in engineering design and structural mechanics. He is the author of 18 books and has edited 11 others, including Analytical Estimates of Structural Behavior (with Harry Williams), CRC Press, 2012. Among his awards are the Merryfield Design Award (ASEE, 2002), the Spira Outstanding Design Educator Award (ASME, 2004), and the Gordon Prize (NAE, 2012).

Lori Bassman is a professor of engineering and director of the Laspa Fellowship Program in applied mechanics at Harvey Mudd College. She earned her BSE at Princeton University and her PhD at Stanford. Through a visiting appointment at the University of New South Wales in Australia, she pursues her research in physical metallurgy, and her other research interests include computational modeling of bird flight biomechanics.

"This unique book by Rossmann, Dym, and Bassman provides an integrated foundation in solid and fluid mechanics that underpins a range of fields from bioengineering to water resources to aerospace design. Rather than being rooted in a particular engineering discipline (such as mechanical or civil), the book highlights the fundamental nature of continuum mechanics that makes it relevant to all engineers. With traditional disciplinary boundaries being crossed and new disciplines being created, this approach is just what is needed for today’s engineer."
—Andrew J. Guswa, Picker Engineering Program, Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts, USA

"This book would be a good textbook for engineering mechanics and biomechanics courses. It provides a concise description of solid and fluid mechanics using a continuum perspective. The book is written by building gradually from one-dimensional to two- and three-dimensional formulations, and by including illustrative and interesting real-world case study examples. … a unified introduction to solid and fluid mechanics and the connection between them."
—Professor Long-yuan Li, University of Plymouth, UK

"… a very good mix of conceptual approaches and hands on examples. It covers concisely the most important topics without getting lost in too many specialty cases and examples. Compared to other classical books that spend most of the time on beam bending, this book covers the concepts of how forces act on matter in a generally applicable way which gives students a good feeling for what is going on inside the material rather than just how to use the formulas. The book also introduces some nice and very powerful techniques such as singularity functions that are often missing in other introductory books."
—Prof. Georg E. Fantner, École Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne