Jihad (or ‘struggle’) and martyrdom in Islam have an ever-greater relevance in today’s world, but there remains a great deal of ignorance about these critical concepts. This new four-volume collection from Routledge brings together a broad range of scholarly opinion to provide a work of reference to assist students and researchers who wish to unravel and understand the many historical constructions of jihadism and martyrology.
Volume I contains material on classical and pre-modern manifestations of jihad, focusing on the early Islamic conquests and the development of the concepts of jihad both in the field and within the legal literature up to and including the period of the Crusades (1099–1291). Volume II, meanwhile, explores alternative analyses of jihad, such as Sufi interpretations of the ‘greater jihad’, Shi’ite interpretations of jihad, and the martyrology of both groups. Volume III focuses on colonial and near-contemporary manifestations of jihad, including alternative versions, such as those of the Bahais and the Ahmadis that radically reinterpret the concept, and anti-colonial jihadi movements in Africa, the Middle East, Russia, India, and Southeast Asia. The final volume in the collection deals with contemporary thinking about jihad and radical Islam, concentrating on the legal discussion of contemporary radical Muslim tactics, the development of jihadi mythologies, the ideological tensions within the Salafi jihadi world, and the emergence of contemporary Shi’ite interpretations of jihad.
With a comprehensive introduction, newly written by the editor, Jihad and Martyrdom is an essential collection and is destined to be valued by all scholars and students of Islam as a vital one-stop research resource.
Volume I
1. Ella Landau-Tessaron, ‘Jihad’, in Jane Damen McAuliffe (ed.), Encyclopedia of the Qur’an (Brill, 2001–6), Vol. 3, pp. 35–43.
2. Reuven Firestone, ‘Disparity and Resolution in the Qur’anic Teachings on War: A Reconsideration’, Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 1997, 56, 1–20.
3. M. J. Kister, ‘Land Property and Jihad’, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 1991, 34, 270–311.
4. Michael Bonner, ‘Some Observations Concerning the Early Development of Jihad on the Arab-Byzantine Frontier’, Studia Islamica, 1992, 75, 5–32.
5. David Cook, ‘Muslim Apocalyptic and Jihad’, Jerusalem Studies in Arab and Islam, 1996, 20, 66–102.
6. Deborah Tor, ‘Privatized Jihad and Public Order in the Pre-Seljuq Period: The Role of the Mutatawwi’a’, Iranian Studies, 2005, 38, 4, 555–73.
7. Michael Bonner, ‘Ja’a’il and Holy War in Early Islam’, Der Islam, 1991, 68, 45–64.
8. Bernard Freamon, ‘Martyrdom, Suicide and the Islamic Law of War: A Short Legal History’, Fordham International Law Journal, 2003, 27, 299–369.
9. Hadia Dajani-Shakeel, ‘Jihad in Twelfth-Century Arabic Poetry: A Moral and Religious Force to Counter the Crusades’, Muslim World, 1976, 66, 96–113.
10. Carole Hillenbrand, ‘Jihad in the Period 493–569/1100–1174’, The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives (Edinburgh University Press, 1999), pp. 89–170.
11. Carole Hillenbrand, ‘Jihad in the Period from the Death of Nur al-Din until the Fall of Acre’, The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives (Edinburgh University Press, 1999), pp. 171–256.
12. K. A. Nizami, ‘The Impact of Ibn Taimiyya on South Asia’, Journal of Islamic Studies, 1990, 1, 120–49.
13. B. G. Martin, ‘Mahdism and Holy War in Ethiopia before 1600’, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 1973, 3, 106–17.
Volume II
14. Etan Kohlberg, ‘The Development of the Imami Shi’i Doctrine of Jihad’, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, 1976, 126, 64–86.
15. Khaled Abou El Fadl, ‘Ahkam Al-Bughat: Irregular Warfare and the Law of Rebellion in Islam’, in James Turner Johnson and John Kelsay (eds.), Cross, Crescent and Sword: The Justification and Limitation of War in Western and Islamic Tradition (Greenwood Press, 1991), pp. 149–76.
16. W. R. Husted, ‘Karbala Made Immediate: The Martyr as Model in Imami Shi’ism’, Muslim World, 1993, 83, 263–78.
17. Joel Kraemer, ‘The Jihad of the Falasifa’, Jerusalem Studies in Arab and Islam, 1987, 10, 288–324.
18. Maher Jarrar, ‘The Martyrdom of Passionate Lovers: Holy War as a Sacred Wedding’, in Angelika Neuwirth et al. (eds.), Myths, Historical Archetypes and Symbolic Figures in Arabic Literature: Towards a New Hermeneutic Approach, Proceedings of the International Symposium in Beirut, June 25th–June 30th, 1996 (Franz Steiner, 1999), pp. 87–107.
19. Dennis MacEoin, ‘The Babi Concept of Holy War’, Religion, 1982, 12, 93–129.
20. John Renard, ‘Al-Jihad al-akbar: Notes on a Theme in Islamic Spirituality’, Muslim World, 1988, 78, 225–42.
21. Yohanan Friedmann, ‘Ahmadi Jihad’, Prophecy Continuous (University of California Press, 1989), pp. 165–80.
22. Joseph Alagha, ‘Hizbullah and Martyrdom’, Orient, 2004, 45, 47–74.
23. Assaf Moghadam, ‘Mayhem, Myths and Martyrdom: The Shi’a Conception of Jihad’, Terrorism and Political Violence, 2007, 19, 125–43.
24. Werner Schmucker, ‘Iranische Märtyrtestemente’, Die Welt des Islams, 1987, 27, 185–249 (translated into English by Steven Gilbert as ‘Iranian Martyrs’ Last Testaments’).
Volume III
25. Linda Darling, ‘Contested Territory: Ottoman Holy War in Comparative Perspective’, Studia Islamica, 2000, 91, 133–63.
26. Mercedes Garcia-Arenal, ‘The Almohad Revolution and the Mahdi Ibn Tumart’, Messianism and Puritanical Reform (Brill, 2006), pp. 157–92.
27. Vincent Cornell, ‘Socio-Economic Dimensions of Reconquista and Jihad in Morocco: Portuguese Dukkala and the Sa’dids 1450–1557’, International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 1990, 22, 1990, 379–418.
28. Ann Lambton, ‘A Nineteenth-Century View of Jihad’, Studia Islamica, 1970, 32, 181–92.
29. Stephen Dale, ‘Religious Suicide in Islamic Asia: Anticolonialist Terrorism in India, Indonesia and the Philippines’, Journal of Conflict Resolution, 1988, 32, 37–59.
30. Freedland Abbott, ‘The Jihad of Sayyid Ahmad Shahid’, Muslim World, 1962, 52, 216–22.
31. Moshe Gammer, ‘The Beginnings of the Naqshbandiyya in Daghestan and the Russian Conquest of the Caucasus’, Die Welt des Islams, 1994, 34, 204–17.
32. Michael Kemper, ‘Khalidiyya Networks in Daghestan and the Question of Jihad’, Die Welt des Islams, 2002, 42, 41–71.
33. John Willis, ‘Jihad fi sabil Allah—Its Doctrinal Basis in Islam and Some Aspects of its Evolution in Nineteenth-Century West Africa’, Journal of African History, 1967, 8, 395–415.
34. Peter von Sivers, ‘The Realm of Justice: Apocalyptic Revolts in Algeria 1849–79’, Humaniora Islamica, 1973, 1, 47–60.
35. A. D. H. Bivar, ‘The Wathiqat ahl al-sudan: A Manifesto of the Fulani Jihad’, Journal of African History, 1961, 2, 235–43.
36. Knut Vikør, ‘Jihad, Ilm and Tasawwuf—Two Justifications of Action from the Idrisi Tradition’, Studia Islamica, 2000, 91, 153–76.
37. B. G. Martin, ‘Al-Hajj Umar Tal and His Jihad in Guinea, Senegal, and Mali’, Muslim Brotherhoods in Nineteenth-Century Africa (Cambridge University Press, 1976), pp. 68–98.
38. B. G. Martin, ‘Sayyid Muhammad Abdullah Hasan of Somalia’, Muslim Brotherhoods in Nineteenth-Century Africa (Cambridge University Press, 1976), pp. 177–201.
39. S. Abdullah Schliefer, ‘Understanding Jihad: Definitions and Methodology’, Islamic Quarterly, 1983, 27, 118–31.
40. S. Abdullah Schliefer, ‘Jihad and Traditional Islamic Consciousness’, Islamic Quarterly, 1983, 27, 173–203.
41. S. Abdullah Schliefer, ‘Jihad: Modernist Apologists, Modernist Apologetics’, Islamic Quarterly, 1984, 31, 25–46.
42. S. Abdullah Schliefer, ‘Jihad: Sacred Struggle in Islam (IV)’, Islamic Quarterly, 1984, 31, 87–102.
Volume IV
43. Adam Silverman, ‘Just War, Jihad and Terrorism: A Comparison of Western and Islamic Norms for the Use of Political Violence’, Journal of Church and State, 2002, 44, 73–92.
44. William Shepard, ‘What is "Islamic Fundamentalism"?’, Studies in Religion, 1988, 17, 5–26.
45. Quintan Wiktorowicz, ‘Anatomy of the Salafi Movement’, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 2006, 29, 207–39.
46. Robert Pape, ‘The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism’, American Political Science Review, 2003, 97, 3, 1–19.
47. Assaf Moghadam, ‘Suicide Terrorism, Occupation and the Globalization of Martyrdom: A Critique of Dying to Win’, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 2006, 29, 707–29.
48. David Cook, ‘The Implications of Martyrdom Operations for Contemporary Islam’, Journal for Religious Ethics, 2004, 23, 129–51.
49. Sherman Jackson, ‘Domestic Terrorism in the Islamic Legal Tradition’, Muslim World, 2001, 91, 293–310.
50. Katherine von Knop, ‘The Female Jihadist: Al-Qaeda’s Women’, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 2007, 30, 397–414.
51. Basheer Nafi, ‘Fatwa and War: On the Allegiance of the American Muslim Soldiers in the Aftermath of September 11’, Islamic Law and Society, 2004, 11, 1, 78–116.
52. Anne Speckhard and Khapta Ahkmedova, ‘The Making of a Martyr: Chechen Suicide Terrorism’, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 2006, 29, 429–92.
53. Yoginder Sikand, ‘The Changing Course of the Kashmiri Struggle: From National Liberation to Islamist Jihad?’, Muslim World, 2001, 91, 229–56.
54. Assaf Moghadam, ‘Palestinian Suicide Terrorism in the Second Intifada: Motivations and Organizational Aspects’, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 2003, 26, 65–92.
55. Mohammed Hafez, ‘Martyrdom Mythology in Iraq’, Suicide Bombers in Iraq: The Strategy and Ideology of Martyrdom (United States Institute of Peace, 2007), pp. 141–62.
56. Muhammad Haniff ben Hassan, ‘Imam Samudra’s Justification for the Bali Bombings’, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 2007, 30, 1033–56.
57. Elena Pavlova, ‘From a Counter-Society to a Counter-State Movement: Jemaah Islamiyah According to PUPJI’, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 2007, 30, 777–800.
58. Muhammad Sirozi, ‘The Intellectual Roots of Islamic Radicalism in Indonesia: Jafar Umar Thalib of Laskar Jihad (Jihad Fighters) and his Educational Background’, Muslim World, 2005, 95, 81–120.
