1st Edition

Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees

Edited By Sandeep Kumar, Mattias Fladung Copyright 2004
    436 Pages
    by CRC Press

    474 Pages
    by CRC Press

    Scientists and researchers from top labs around the world share their expertise!

    This unique text integrates tree transgenesis, functional genomics, and structural genomics to present, for the first time, a unified approach to research on the molecular biology of forest trees. A distinguished panel of scientists, researchers, and educators from around the world have combined their efforts to present the most up-to-date information and make Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees an important addition to your professional or teaching collection. Helpful tables and figures make important points easy to access and understand.

    To make it easier to find the specific information you’re looking for, Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees is divided into four sections: Forest Tree Functional Genomics, Molecular Biology of Wood Formation, Forest Tree Transgenesis, and Genome Mapping in Forest Trees. Within these sections, you’ll find the most up-to-date information on:

    • functional genomics
    • EST databases
    • proteomics in forest trees
    • genomics of wood formation and in vitro systems for the study of wood formation
    • genetic transformation of forest trees
    • stable expression of foreign genes
    • modification of flowering in forest trees
    • genome mapping in forest trees
    • microsatellite DNA markers in forest trees
    • exploring the transcriptome of the ectomycorrhizal symbiosis in trees
    • About the Editors
    • Contributors
    • Preface
    • Part I: FOREST TREE FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS
    • Chapter 1. Functional Genomics in Forest Trees
    • Introduction
    • The Functional Genomics Tool Kit—Transcript Discovery and Profiling
    • Functional Genomics in Action
    • En Route to Functional Genomics in Forest Trees
    • Conclusions
    • Chapter 2. Expressed Sequence Tag Databases from Forestry Tree Species
    • Introduction
    • Forestry Tree EST Databases
    • The Genesis Pine and Eucalyptus EST Projects
    • Special Purpose Libraries
    • Conclusion
    • Chapter 3. Proteomics for Genetic and Physiological Studies in Forest Trees: Application in Maritime Pine
    • Introduction
    • Characterization of the Pine Proteome
    • Genetic Variability of Qualitative and Quantitative Protein Variants
    • Variability of Proteome Expression in Physiological Studies
    • Conclusion
    • Chapter 4. Exploring the Transcriptome of the Ectomycorrhizal Symbiosis
    • Introduction
    • The Ectomycorrhizal Symbiosis
    • The Anatomy and Development of Ectomycorrhiza
    • The Morphogenesis of Ectomycorrhiza
    • Alteration in Gene Expression in Ectomycorrhiza
    • The Transcriptome of Ectomycorrhizal Symbioses
    • Outlook
    • Part II: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF WOOD FORMATION
    • Chapter 5. Genomics of Wood Formation
    • Introduction
    • Wood Biosynthesis
    • Regulation of Wood Formation
    • Arabidopsis As a Model for the Study of Wood Formation
    • Genomics Approach to Wood Formation
    • The Outlook
    • Chapter 6. Molecular Genetics of Cellulose Biosynthesis in Trees
    • Introduction
    • Cellulose Heterogeneity in Trees
    • Cellulose Production Under Mechanical Stress
    • The Site of Cellulose Biosynthesis
    • Current Knowledge of the General Process of Cellulose Synthesis in Plants
    • Identification of CesA Genes in Plants
    • Isolation of New CesA and CSLD Genes
    • Future Perspectives
    • Chapter 7. Tuning Lignin Metabolism Through Genetic Engineering in Trees
    • Introduction
    • Genetic Modification of PAL and C4H
    • Genetic Modification of 4CL
    • Genetic Modification of C3H
    • Genetic Modification of CCoAOMT
    • Genetic Modification of CCR
    • Genetic Modification of F5H
    • Genetic Modification of COMT
    • Genetic Modification of CAD
    • Genetic Modification of Peroxidases and Laccases
    • Genetic Modification of Transcription Factors
    • Outlook
    • Chapter 8. In Vitro Systems for the Study of Wood Formation
    • Introduction
    • Cambial Activity
    • Wood Formation
    • The Formation of Tracheary Elements
    • Heartwood Formation (Tylosis and Pit Aspiration)
    • In Vitro Wood Formation Systems
    • Future Perspectives
    • Part III: FOREST TREE TRANSGENESIS
    • Chapter 9. Genetic Modification in Conifer Forestry: State-of-the-Art and Future Potential—A Case Study with Pinus radiata
    • Introduction
    • Tissue Culture As a Tool for Molecular Research
    • Genetic Engineering in Conifers
    • Modification of Traits by Suppression of Gene Expression
    • Analysis of Promoters Controlling Gene Expression in Conifers
    • Tissue Culture Protocols for the Early Assessment of Gene Function
    • Tools to Assess Gene Function at the Micro Level
    • Conclusions
    • Chapter 10. Transgenic Forest Trees for Insect Resistance
    • Introduction
    • Woody Plant Species Transgenic to Insect-Resistant Genes
    • Insect-Resistant Genes
    • Field Performance of Insect-Resistant Transgenic Trees
    • Biosafety of Insect-Resistant Transgenic Plants
    • Conclusion and Outlook
    • Chapter 11. Modification of Flowering in Forest Trees
    • Introduction
    • Regulation of Flowering Time and Flower Development in Arabidopsis
    • Genes Regulating Flower Development in Trees
    • Prevention of Flowering
    • Acceleration of Flowering
    • Conclusions
    • Chapter 12. Stability of Transgene Expression in Aspen
    • Introduction
    • rolC Gene, a Phenotypic Marker for the Stability of Transgene Expression
    • Morphological Analysis of 35S-rolC Transgenic Aspen Plants
    • Transgene Silencing
    • Transgene Repeat Formation and Unstable Expression
    • Transgene Integration and Unstable Expression
    • Mechanisms of Transgene Integration and Repeat Formation
    • How to Obtain Stably Expressing Transgenic Plants
    • Future Perspectives
    • Chapter 13. Asexual Production of Marker-Free Transgenic Aspen Using MAT Vector Systems
    • Introduction
    • Transformation Methods Using Agrobacterium
    • Problems of Antibiotic Selection
    • Principles of the MAT (Multi-Auto-Transformation) Vector System
    • Two-Step Transformation of Tobacco Plants Using the GST-MAT Vector
    • Transformation of Hybrid Aspen Using the GST-MAT Vector
    • Current Techniques for Removing Selectable Markers and Their Problems
    • Advantages of Selection Using the ipt Gene
    • Transgene Stacking Using the ipt-MAT Vector
    • Combination of the ipt and iaaM/H Genes
    • Decrease in Environmental Impact Using Sterile Transgenic Trees
    • Conclusion
    • Part IV: GENOME MAPPING IN FOREST TREES
    • Chapter 14. High-Density Linkage Maps in Conifer Species and Their Potential Application
    • Introduction
    • Basic Aspects for Constructing High-Density Maps in Conifer Species
    • Application of High-Density Maps in Forest Species
    • Conclusions and Perspectives
    • Chapter 15. Microsatellites in Forest Tree Species: Characteristics, Identification, and Applications
    • Introduction
    • Microsatellites in the Nuclear Genome: Distribution and Variability
    • From Genome to Populations: The Isolation of Microsatellites and the Development of Molecular Markers
    • Microsatellites in Populations: SSRs As a Tool for the Screening of Diversity, Differentiation, and Evolution
    • What is Different About Microsatellites of the Organelle Genomes?
    • Conclusions
    • Chapter 16. Genome Mapping in Populus
    • Introduction
    • Marker Systems
    • Mapping Strategies
    • Genetic Linkage Maps of the Populus Genome
    • Comparison of Linkage Maps
    • Perspectives
    • Chapter 17. Genetic Mapping in Acacias
    • Introduction
    • Aspects of the Reproductive Biology of Acacias That Affect Genetic Mapping Strategies
    • Linkage Mapping in Acacia mangium
    • Applications of the Acacia Map
    • Conclusions
    • Index
    • Reference Notes Included

    Biography

    Sandeep Kumar, Mattias Fladung