1st Edition
Navigating the FRAM Mastering the Functional Resonance Analysis Method for Modelling Complex Socio-Technical Systems
List of Contributors
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgements
PROLOGUE Introducing the FRAM
Chapter 1 The FRAM for Socio-Technical Safety Management and Beyond
Riccardo Patriarca
Chapter 2 A Brief and Unofficial History of the FRAM
Erik Hollnagel
Chapter 3 The FRAM Essentials: Principles and Building Steps
Riccardo Patriarca and Francesco Simone
Chapter 4 The Last Five Years (2019–2024) of FRAM Literature
Andrea Falegnami and Andrea Tomassi
SECTION I Step 1: To Identify and Describe the System’s Functions
Chapter 5 The Use and Implications of Small FRAM Models: A Case from Healthcare
Jeanette Hounsgaard
Chapter 6 Function Identification and FRAM Modelling of an Aviation Near-Miss Using Convergent Mixed Methods
Riana Steen and James Norman
Chapter 7 Building a FRAM Model Using Large Language Models: A Dream or a Nightmare?
David Slater and Josué E. Maia França
Chapter 8 A Semantic Lifting of Language Models to Support FRAM Models Building
Antonio De Nicola and Maria Luisa Villani
SECTION II Step 2: To Identify the Variability
Chapter 9 Navigation Support from Shore: Analyzing Remote Pilotage Using the FRAM
Gesa Praetorius and Amit Sharma
Chapter 10 Fuzzy Assessment of Variability in FRAM Models
Ivenio Teixeira de Souza, Assed Naked Haddad, and Riccardo Patriarca
Chapter 11 Pathways to Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0: Socio-Technical Systems Modelling through FRAM and Discrete-Event Simulation
Enrique Ruiz Zúñiga, Ehsan Mahmoodi, and Naruki Yasue
SECTION III Step 3: Aggregate Variability, Actual, and Potential
Chapter 12 The Milky Way to FRAM: Comparing Instantiations via Network Metrics in a Dairy Production Plant
Andrea Falegnami and Andrea Tomassi
Chapter 13 Understanding Patterns in Mixed Road Traffic: Comparing Functional Critical Paths between Drivers and Automated Vehicles
Niklas Grabbe
Chapter 14 Machine Learning to Support Human Learning from Variable Performance in FRAM
Hideki Nomoto
Chapter 15 The FRAM-IA to Understand and Assess Distributed Cognition and Control
Arie Adriaensen and Paulina Zurawska
SECTION IV Step 4: Assess the Consequences of the Analysis
Chapter 16 Dynamic Variability Modelling: Capturing Complexities in Variability
Doug Smith
Chapter 17 Integrating the FRAM and Lean for Waste Analysis in Production Systems
Tarcisio Abreu Saurin, Flávio Sanson Fogliatto, Michel Anzanello, Natália Maciel Tocchetto, and Leonardo Bertolin Furstenau
Chapter 18 Maximizing the Impact of the FRAM: From Analysis to Implementation
Mark Sujan and Olivia Lounsbury
SECTION V Implementation and Reflections on the FRAM
Chapter 19 FRAM via Software: The FRAM Model Visualizer
Rees Hill
Chapter 20 FRAMing Learning: Learning about FRAM through Experience
Pedro Ferreira
SECTION VI Final Thoughts
Chapter 21 To FRAM or not to FRAM?
Riccardo Patriarca and Gesa Praetorius
Glossary
Index
Biography
Riccardo Patriarca is an associate professor in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. He holds a BSc in Aerospace Engineering, an MSc in Aeronautical Engineering, and a PhD in Industrial and Management Engineering. He currently teaches Operations Management, Aviation Safety Management, and Human Factors for the MSc courses in Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautical Engineering at Sapienza. His research is oriented towards modelling complex socio-technical systems – including their cyber dimension – untangling their inherent complexities and advancing risk and resilience-aware solutions for an ever-evolving world.
