Organic Mechanochemistry and Its Practical Applications
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Book Description
Organic Mechanochemistry and Its Practical Applications gathers physical and organic chemistry-based molecular principles, evolving interpretations of scientific data, and real world applications to demonstrate the synthetic advantages of mechanically initiated organic reactions. This book considers transformations of organic substances upon mechanical actions and explains how mechanical energy is transformed into chemical driving force.
The author, a renowned expert in physical and organic chemistry, carefully examines the concurrent chemical and physical processes—particularly polymerization and dynamic shearing—that involve organic substances and inorganic surfaces during lubrication. Dr. Todres discusses the various factors that affect boundary lubrication, such as material properties, chemical reactivity, pressure, and temperature. The book describes conformational transformations and structural phase transitions of organic molecules and working materials that take place under mechanical forces, such as drilling, grinding, friction, and shearing, and shock-waves. Other key topics include mechanochromism, tribopolymerization, mechanical activation of organic reactions, and the peculiarities of catalytic effects in organic mechanochemistry.
Throughout the text, the author highlights novel technical applications of mechanochemical phenomena in a variety of fields, including lubrication, biomedical engineering, pharmaceutical drug formulation, environmental protection, and practical economy. Organic Mechanochemistry and Its Practical Applications reveals how mechanochemistry was inspired by principles in various disciplines to create innovative approaches for current challenges in these fields.
Table of Contents
SPECIFICITY OF ORGANIC REACTIVITY ON MECHANICAL ACTIVATION
Introduction
Subatomic Results of Mechanical Activation
General Grounds of Mechanically-Induced Organic Reactions
Relations between Organic Material Properties and Mechanical Effects
Conclusion
References
MECHANOCHROMISM OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Introduction
Mechanically-Induced Luminescence
Coloration as a Result of Radical Ion Generation on Milling
Bond-Breaking Mechanochromism
Spectral Changes as a Result of Mechanically-Induced Reorganization of Crystal Packing
Spectral Changes as a Result of Mechanically-Induced Structural Phase Transition
Conclusion
References
ORGANIC REACTIONS WITHIN LUBRICATING LAYERS
Introduction
Reactions of Lubricating Materials with Triboemitted Electrons
Boundary Lubrication and Chemisorption
Warming Effect on Lubricants upon Friction
“Solvency” and Reactivity of Base Oils
Chemical Origins of Additive Synergism–Antagonism
Molecular Mechanisms of Dry-Sliding Lubrication
Conclusion
References
MECHANICALLY-INDUCED ORGANIC REACTIONS
Introduction
Mechanochemically-Initiated Polymerization, Depolymerization, and Mechanolysis
Representative Examples of Mechanically-Induced Organic Reactions
Mechanochemical Approaches to Fullerene Reactivity
Mechanically-Induced Reactions of Peptides and Proteins
Formation of Molecular Complexes
Mechanical Initiation of Intermolecular Electron Transfer and Intramolecular Electron Redistribution
Mechanically-Induced Conformational Transition of Organic Compounds
Conclusion
References
MECHANICALLY-INDUCED PHASE TRANSITION AND LAYER ARRANGEMENT
Introduction
Liquid Crystals
Polymers
Pressure-Induced Phase Transition
Conclusion
References
NANO- AND BIOLUBRICATION
Introduction
Antifriction and Antiwear Nanolayers
Biotribology
Conclusion
References
CONCLUDING REMARKS AND HORIZONS
Introduction
Mechanochromism and Information Recording
Lubricity Mechanism and Lubricant Design
Specific Synthetic Opportunities of Solvent-Free Reactions
Regularities in Mechanical Activation of Organic Reactions
Organic Mechanochemistry and Bioengineering
Examples of Innovations at the Border of Organic Mechanochemistry
References