2nd Edition
Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers
Thoroughly updated, this second edition is the most comprehensive reference on the methods available for the enhancement of percutaneous penetration. The book examines a broad scope of chemical enhancers and various physical methods of enhancement. The range of chemicals discussed is, arguably, unsurpassed anywhere in the literature. This edition contains comprehensive descriptions of the latest techniques and several chapters cover the modern analytical techniques adapted to assess and measure penetration enhancement. New to this volume are chapters addressing penetration retardation, important for substances such as sunscreen agents, for which skin penetration is not desirable.
INTRODUCTION
Penetration Enhancer Classification, B.W. Barry
Structure–Activity Relationship of Chemical Penetration Enhancers, N. Kanikkannan, J.B. Ramapuram, and M. Singh
Quantitative Structure–Enhancement Relationship and the Microenvironment of the Enhancer Site of Action, S.K. Li and W.I. Higuchi
The Role of Prodrugs in Penetration Enhancement, K.B. Sloan and S.C. Wasdo
VEHICLE EFFECTS IN PENETRATION ENHANCEMENT
Penetration Enhancement by Skin Hydration, J. Zhang, C.H. Purdon, E.W. Smith, H.I. Maibach, and C. Surber
Enhancement of Delivery with Transdermal Sprays, B.C. Finnin and J. Hadgraft
Hydrogel Vehicles for Hydrophilic Compounds, T. Cerchiara and B. Luppi
Enhanced Skin Permeation Using Ethosomes, E. Touitou and B. Godin
Microemulsions in Topical Drug Delivery, S. Pappinen and A. Urtti
Nanoparticles as Carriers for Enhanced Skin Penetration, S. Miyazaki
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Topical Delivery, Z. Mei
Fatty Alcohols and Fatty Acids, R.J. Babu, M. Singh, and N. Kanikkannan
Essential Oils and Terpenes, R.A. Thakur, Y. Wang, and B.B. Michniak
PHYSICAL METHODS OF PENETRATION ENHANCEMENT
Iontophoresis: Clinical Applications and Future Challenges, N. Abla, A. Naik, R.H. Guy, and Y.N. Kalia
Electroporation, B.M. Medi and J. Singh
Micron, M.R. Prausnitz, J.A. Mikszta, and J. Raeder-Devens
Vesicles under Voltage, M.C. Bonner and B.W. Barry
ASSESSMENT OF PENETRATION ENHANCEMENT
Mechanistic Studies of Permeation Enhancers, S.K. Li and W.I. Higuchi
Penetration Enhancer Assessment by Corneoxenometry, C. Pie´rard-Franchimont, F. Henry, E. Uhoda, C. Flagothier, and G.E. Pie´rard
Assessment of Vehicle Effects by Skin Stripping, C.H. Purdon, C. Pellanda, C. Surber, and E.W. Smith
The Use of Skin Alternatives for Testing Percutaneous Penetration, C.S. Asbill, G.W. Bumgarner, and B.B. Michniak
High Throughput Screening of Transdermal Penetration Enhancers: Opportunities, Methods, and Applications, A. Jain, P. Karande, and S. Mitragotri
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy: An Excellent Tool for Tracking Compounds in the Skin, D.D. Verma and A. Fahr
THE RETARDATION OF PERCUTANEOUS PENETRATION
Fundamentals of Retarding Penetration, J. Hadgraft and B.C Finnin
Retardation Strategies for Sunscreen Agents, C.H. Purdon, E.W. Smith, and C. Surber
Military Perspectives in Chemical Penetration Retardation, E.H. Braue, Jr., B.F. Doxzon, H.L. Lumpkin, K.A. Hanssen, R.S. Stevenson, R.R. Deckert, and J.S. Graham
COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS OF PENETRATION ENHANCERS
Preclinical and Clinical Development of a Penetration Enhancer SEPA 0009, T.C. K. Chan
Index
Biography
Eric Wane Smith, Howard I. Maibach
"Thoroughly updated, this second edition is the most complete reference on the methods available in the field. … This edition contains comprehensive descriptions of the latest techniques, and several chapters deal with the modern analytical techniques adapted to assess and measure penetration enhancement. … This volume elegantly sums up current research in the ever-broadening fields of topical penetration, enhancement and retardation. It establishes a broad framework for the topic and a foundation for continued research." —In Anticancer Research, Vol. 26, 2006
"The book is an ideal and practical reference in Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers…designed for researchers, students, biomedical and pharmaceutical scientists." —International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, September 2006
"Overall, I thought the book was a very well put together review of the field of percutaneous enhancers. It will be used by both experienced academics and young researchers to bring themselves quickly up to date in their areas of interest." —IFSCC Magazine, Vol. 11, No. 1, 2008